BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 1338
                                                                  Page  1


          ASSEMBLY THIRD READING
          AB 1338 (Nation)
          As Amended May 27, 2005
          Majority vote 

           JUDICIARY           6-2         APPROPRIATIONS      13-5        
           
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
          |Ayes:|Jones, Berg, Laird,       |Ayes:|Chu, Bass, Berg,          |
          |     |Levine, Lieber, Montanez  |     |Calderon, Mullin,         |
          |     |                          |     |Karnette, Klehs, Leno,    |
          |     |                          |     |Nation, Oropeza,          |
          |     |                          |     |Ridley-Thomas, Saldana,   |
          |     |                          |     |Yee                       |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |Nays:|Harman, Haynes            |Nays:|Sharon Runner, Emmerson,  |
          |     |                          |     |Haynes, Nakanishi,        |
          |     |                          |     |Walters                   |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
           SUMMARY  :  Seeks to provide certain immigrant children with  
          immigration counsel and to require adoption agencies to disclose  
          information to prospective adoptive parents regarding a child's  
          immigration status.  Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)Requires the juvenile court to appoint an immigration attorney  
            to a dependent child who is not a Lawful Permanent Resident  
            (LPR) or United States (U.S.) citizen and is unable to reunify  
            with his or her parents.

          2)Requires the juvenile court to appoint an immigration attorney  
            to a ward of the court who is not a LPR or U.S. citizen and  
            who either is in the foster care system or is unlikely to  
            reunify with his or her parents.

          3)Requires the child's immigration counsel to pursue Special  
            Immigrant Juvenile status or any other avenue to obtain LPR or  
            U.S. citizen status for the child, if the immigration attorney  
            determines such status is in the child's best interests.

          4)Requires the Judicial Council (JC) to establish standards,  
            training requirements, and guidelines for attorneys eligible  
            to be appointed as immigration counsel.








                                                                  AB 1338
                                                                  Page  2



          5)Requires an adoption agency to provide prospective adoptive  
            parents with information regarding a child's immigration  
            status.

          6)Requires counsel to investigate whether or not the child in  
            question is eligible for Special Immigrant Juvenile Status  
            (SIJS) and urge the court to utilize the services of competent  
            pro bono counsel in these cases.

           EXISTING LAW  :  

          1)Provides that a juvenile court may have jurisdiction over a  
            child as a dependent child because that child is the subject  
            of abuse or neglect.  

          2)Provides that a juvenile court may have jurisdiction over a  
            child because that child has committed acts that trigger  
            delinquency jurisdiction rendering the child a ward.  

          3)Authorizes a juvenile court to order a dependent child who is  
            a resident of a foreign country sent to an official of a  
            juvenile court of that country or an agency authorized to  
            accept the child.  

          4)Authorizes a juvenile court to order a ward of the court, or a  
            minor placed on probation, who is a resident of a foreign  
            country sent to an official of a juvenile court of that  
            country or an agency authorized to accept the child.  

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Assembly Appropriations  
          analysis:

          1)Significant costs in the range of $300,000 annually, assuming  
            200 immigrant children receive 10 hours of legal assistance  
            each, billed at $150 per hour.  Some estimates indicate there  
            are 400 children in foster care statewide requiring these  
            immigration services.  

          2)Unknown potential savings to the extent a change in a child's  
            immigration status creates federal IV-E funding opportunities.  
             If a child becomes IV-E eligible, costs change from entirely  
            county or county and state funded to up 50% federally funded,  
            which creates a savings to both the state and the county.








                                                                  AB 1338
                                                                  Page  3



          3)A one-time cost of approximately $25,000 to the JC to  
            establish regulations and protocols to be followed by juvenile  
            courts and local welfare departments. 

          4)Provisions are contingent upon appropriation in the annual  
            Budget Act.

           COMMENTS  :  This bill provides children who are not LPRs or U.S.  
          citizens with immigration counsel.  The bill also compels an  
          adoption agency to provide prospective adoptive parents with  
          information regarding a child's immigration status.  A similar  
          bill by the author was vetoed by the Governor last year, but the  
          author is working with the Administration to address concerns  
          previously raised by the Governor.  

          Immigrant children oftentimes flee their home country because  
          they are victims of abuse or are brought to the U.S., either by  
          their parents or others, without their express consent.   
          Generally, these children are young and alone, subject to abuse  
          and exploitation.  These children are often unable to articulate  
          their fears, their views, or testify to their needs as  
          accurately as adults can.  This bill provides these children  
          with an immigration attorney to protect their interests and  
          navigate them through the federal immigration process.

          The federal government has jurisdiction over all matters  
          concerning immigration and naturalization.  It should be noted,  
          if a child originates in state court, the state court must first  
          decide to turn the individual over to what was formerly known as  
          the Immigration and Naturalization Service, now called the  
          Border & Transportation Security under the Department of  
          Homeland Security.  If the child started with the federal  
          government, then the Border & Transportation Security has the  
          sole authority to detain and decide the fate of the child.  All  
          undocumented children within California's juvenile justice  
          system run the risk of being referred to the federal system -  
          and possibly deported - and, thus, should be able to consult  
          with an attorney knowledgeable in immigration law. 

          The author writes, "It is estimated that in California there are  
          over 400 'illegal' immigrant children placed in foster care or  
          adoption proceedings annually.  Currently, there are no  
          statewide guidelines or standards for addressing the immigration  








                                                                  AB 1338
                                                                  Page  4


          status of these non-citizen children.  However, most counties in  
          the State have admitted to providing foster care and/or adoption  
          services to these children without regard to their immigration  
          status.  While this is absolutely beneficial to the children in  
          question (the alternative is deporting them back to their home  
          country), this process raises some questions and further  
          difficulties."  The author continues, "The appointment of  
          immigration counsel for 'illegal' immigrant children placed in  
          long-term foster care is an important first step in this  
          process.  Requiring said counsel to pursue 'Special Immigrant  
          Juvenile Status' if it is deemed to be in the best interest of  
          the child is the next step."

          This bill also requires the JC, before July 1, 2007, to  
          establish standards, training requirements, and guidelines for  
          attorneys eligible to be appointed as immigration counsel.

           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Drew Liebert / JUD. / (916) 319-2334 


                                                                FN: 0010659