BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                       



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          |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE            |                  AB 1787|
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                                    CONSENT


          Bill No:  AB 1787
          Author:   Cohn (D)
          Amended:  3/14/06 in Assembly
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE JUDICIARY COMMITTEE  :  5-0, 6/13/06
          AYES:  Dunn, Morrow, Escutia, Harman, Kuehl
           
          ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  71-0, 3/30/06 (Consent) - See last page  
            for vote


           SUBJECT  :    Emergency protective orders:  validity

           SOURCE  :     Author


           DIGEST  :    This bill clarifies that an emergency protective  
          order is valid only if issued by a judicial officer after  
          making required findings and pursuant to a request by a law  
          enforcement officer.

           ANALYSIS  :    Existing law authorizes a law enforcement  
          officer to seek an emergency protective order (EPO) from a  
          court at any time, whether the court is in session or not,  
          if any person or child is in immediate and present danger  
          of domestic violence or abuse, or in imminent danger of  
          abduction by a parent or relative.  [Section 6240 et seq.  
          of the Family Code]  The court may issue the order orally  
          (Section 6241 of the Family Code), but in all cases the EPO  
          would be issued only if the judicial officer finds that  
          reasonable grounds have been asserted that an immediate and  
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          present danger exists, and that an EPO is necessary to  
          prevent the occurrence or recurrence of domestic violence,  
          abuse or abduction.  [Section 6251 of the Family Code]

          Existing law authorizes a law enforcement officer to seek  
          an EPO relating to stalking, provided the requirements of  
          Section 646.91 of the Penal Code, which are identical to  
          those issued under Section 6240 et seq. of the Family Code,  
          are met.  [Section 6274 of the Family Code]

          This bill provides that an EPO is valid only if issued by a  
          judicial officer after making the findings required by  
          Section 6251 of the Family Code and pursuant to a specific  
          request by a law enforcement officer.

           Background
           
          An EPO may be requested by a law enforcement officer when  
          the officer has reason to believe that there is an  
          immediate danger of domestic violence, abuse, abduction, or  
          stalking.  [Section 6250 of the Family Code, Section 646.91  
          of the Penal Code]  A judicial officer (judge,  
          commissioner, or referee) may issue the requested order  
          only if the judicial officer finds that reasonable grounds  
          have been asserted by the law enforcement officer that  
          there is immediate and present danger of domestic violence,  
          abuse, abduction, or stalking, and that the EPO is  
          necessary to prevent the alleged activity.  An EPO issued  
          pursuant to Section 6250 of the Family Code and Section  
          646.91 of the Penal Code lasts for five to seven days, and  
          is issued immediately, without prior notice to the  
          restrained party.  [Section 6256 of the Family Code]

          Apparently, at least one jurisdiction allows a law  
          enforcement officer to issue EPOs pursuant to a "standing  
          order of the court" to issue such orders.  This bill  
          intends to clarify that each case must be made to the court  
          for the issuance of an EPO and that an order is valid only  
          if issued by the court.

           Prior Legislation

           AB 118 (Cohn), Chapter 465, Statutes of 2005, required a  
          protective order issued by a criminal court to take  

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          precedence and to be acknowledged by a civil court issuing  
          a protective order.  The bill passed the Senate with a vote  
          of 40-0 (Consent) on 9/7/05.

          AB 115 (Cohn), Chapter 132, Statutes of 2005, provided that  
          an EPO takes precedence over any other restraining or  
          protective order.

          AB 99 (Cohn), Chapter 125, Statutes of 2005, extended the  
          duration of protective orders to five years and authorized  
          the renewal of those orders, upon request, for an  
          additional five years.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  No    
          Local:  No

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  6/15/06)

          Family Law Section of the State Bar of California
          Judicial Council of California
          Los Angeles County District Attorney's Office


           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    According to the author's office,  
          while the law is clear that an EPO may be issued only if a  
          court finds that a law enforcement officer has asserted  
          reasonable grounds for its issuance, at least one  
          jurisdiction has a "standing order" for such EPOs,  
          effectively giving law enforcement officers of that  
          jurisdiction carte blanche authority to issue orders  
          without first contacting the court.  

          This bill curtails that practice and ensures that EPOs are  
          valid only if issued by a court after a request has been  
          made by a law enforcement officer.  The author states that  
          "AB 1787 will ensure that all emergency protective orders  
          are issued by a judge who has reviewed the case and deemed  
          it necessary to issue a protective order, thereby  
          protecting both the victim and complainant [sic]."  The  
          author intended to state that the bill would better protect  
          both victims and the restrained persons.


           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  : 

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          AYES:  Arambula, Baca, Benoit, Berg, Bermudez, Blakeslee,  
            Bogh, Calderon, Canciamilla, Chan, Chavez, Chu, Cogdill,  
            Coto, Daucher, De La Torre, DeVore, Evans, Frommer,  
            Garcia, Goldberg, Hancock, Haynes, Jerome Horton, Shirley  
            Horton, Houston, Huff, Jones, Karnette, Keene, Klehs,  
            Koretz, La Malfa, La Suer, Laird, Leno, Leslie, Levine,  
            Lieu, Matthews, Maze, McCarthy, Montanez, Mountjoy,  
            Mullin, Nakanishi, Nation, Nava, Negrete McLeod, Niello,  
            Oropeza, Parra, Pavley, Plescia, Richman, Sharon Runner,  
            Ruskin, Saldana, Salinas, Spitzer, Strickland, Torrico,  
            Tran, Umberg, Vargas, Villines, Walters, Wolk, Wyland,  
            Yee, Nunez
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Aghazarian, Bass, Cohn, Dymally,  
            Emmerson, Harman, Lieber, Liu, Ridley-Thomas


          RJG:mel  6/15/06   Senate Floor Analyses 

                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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