BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 1873
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:   May 24, 2006

                        ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS
                                   Judy Chu, Chair

                    AB 1873 (Torrico) - As Amended:  May 3, 2006 

          Policy Committee:                              Public  
          SafetyVote:  4-1
                                           Human Services                   
            6-0

          Urgency:     No                   State Mandated Local Program:   
          No     Reimbursable:               Yes

           SUMMARY  
                                           
          This bill extends, from 72 hours to 30 days, the age at which a  
          child may be left at a designated safe-surrender site. This bill  
          also:

          1)Adds a local fire agency, upon the approval of the appropriate  
            local governing body of the agency, to the designated  
            safe-surrender sites. (Current sites are either designated by  
            boards of supervisors, or are locations within a hospital, as  
            designated by the hospital.)   

          2)Appropriates $5,000,000 (GF) for a safe-surrender public  
            awareness campaign. 

           FISCAL EFFECT

           1)Appropriates $5,000,000 (GF) to the Department of Social  
            Services (DSS) for a safe-surrender public awareness campaign.

          2)Minor potentially state-reimbursable costs for local entities  
            and governments to consult regarding the designation of  
            safe-surrender sites.  

          COMMENT  

           1)Rationale.  The author believes the safe-surrender law should  
            be expanded and advertised. The author cites the discovery in  
            his district of a dead infant, estimated to be seven to 14  
            days old, in a fast-food dumpster within a block of a  








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            designated safe-surrender site at a fire station. 
           
          2)Current law,  established by SB 1368 (Brulte, 2000), provides  
            for the surrender of a newborn by a parent or other  
            responsible person to a safe-surrender site. SB 1368 was  
            intended to provide mothers of unwanted newborns a safe  
            alternative to abandoning infants in places where babies would  
            likely die. SB 1368 designated safe places (such as an  
            emergency room of a hospital) where a person can surrender a  
            baby, with no questions asked, and retrieve the baby within a  
            14-day period, as specified, with immunity from criminal  
            penalties under child abandonment laws.

            According to a January 2005 DSS report on the safe-surrender  
            law, 64 infants were safely surrendered in 2001-2004.  
            According to the author, that number is now more than 100. Of  
            the 64 referenced in the DSS report, 55 were less than  
            one-day-old and nine were two or three-days-old.  Fifty-two  
            showed no signs of abuse or neglect, and 10 tested  
            drug-positive. In only one case did a parent attempt to  
            reclaim an infant. (That parent did not pursue the effort  
            after an initial query.) 

           3)Related legislation.

              a)   AB 2817 (Maddox), Chapter 1099, Statutes 2002, requires  
               school districts to include information about the  
               safe-surrender law in sex education classes.

             b)   SB 139 (Brulte), Chapter 150, Statutes 2003, provides a  
               child may be surrendered at any hospital or other  
               designated safe-surrender site.  Previously, a designated  
               employee at a hospital emergency room or other location was  
               the only person permitted to accept a baby.   

             c)   SB 116 (Dutton), Chapter 625, Statutes of 2005, deleted  
               the January 1, 2006 sunset of the safe-surrender law. 

           4)A Difficult Public Awareness Campaign to Run.  Targeting and  
            reaching the potential audience for a safe-surrender program  
            is a difficult task. Public awareness efforts to date have  
            been funded with a $1 million grant from First Five California  
            and $250,000 from the California Children's Trust Fund.  
            Materials were produced and distributed to county welfare  
            agencies, probation departments and community-based  








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            organizations. 


           5)Opposition Unless Amended.  The County Welfare Directors  
            Association (CWDA) contends this bill "goes too far in its  
            expansion of existing law" and suggests an expansion to seven  
            days may be more appropriate. 

            "Research indicates that some troubled women are in such  
            denial about their pregnancy that the newborn is at great risk  
            of being killed or abandoned shortly after birth. However, we  
            know of no research suggesting that the same risk factors  
            continue to exist for babies beyond the first few days of  
            life?. For children who are beyond the seven-day limit, the  
            existing voluntary relinquishment process enables parents to  
            voluntarily free their children for adoption."

            The California State Association of Counties concurs with the  
            CWDA position. 

           6)Other States  . According to a February 1, 2006 policy brief by  
            the Guttmacher Instititute-a nonprofit organization focused on  
            sexual and reproductive health research, policy analysis and  
            public education-46 states have legalized relinquishment:  16  
            for 72 hours; 14 for 28 to 31 days, 10 for five days to two  
            weeks, 4 for more than 31 days, and 2 (South Dakota and  
            Missouri) for one year.  



           Analysis Prepared by  :    Geoff Long / APPR. / (916) 319-2081