BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 2488
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          Date of Hearing:   April 18, 2006

                           ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON JUDICIARY
                                  Dave Jones, Chair
                     AB 2488 (Leno) - As Amended:  April 6, 2006

                    PROPOSED CONSENT (As Proposed To Be Amended)

           SUBJECT  :  ADOPTION:  SIBLING CONTACT

           KEY ISSUE  :  SHOULD CURRENT BARRIERS BE MODIFIED IN ORDER TO HELP  
          FACILITATE SIBLING RELATIONSHIPS WHEN SIBLINGS HAVE BEEN ADOPTED  
          SEPARATELY?

                                      SYNOPSIS
                                          
          This non-controversial bill, sponsored by the Children's Law  
          Center of Los Angeles, seeks to facilitate sibling relationships  
          when siblings have been adopted.  Under current law, children  
          may seek contact with their biological siblings by requesting  
          that the agency that facilitated the adoption release their  
          siblings' information.  However before the agency can do so,  
          both siblings must have attained the age of 21 and both must  
          have petitioned for release of the information.  This bill would  
          reduce some of those hurdles by lowering the age to 18, or even  
          lower if the minor's parent consents.  Additionally, if one of  
          the siblings has not filed a request for release, this bill  
          allows a sibling to petition the court to appoint a confidential  
          intermediary to obtain the consent of the other sibling.  The  
          author argues that this bill is necessary to help facilitate  
          what for many is their longest lasting relationship in their  
          lifetime - their relationship with their siblings.  For children  
          who have been abused or neglected, this bond is even more  
          important.  The bill is supported by the American Federation of  
          State, County, and Municipal Employees and the National Center  
          for Youth Law.  There is no reported opposition.

           SUMMARY  :   Reduces hurdles limiting when adopted siblings can  
          petition to have names of related siblings released.   
          Specifically,  this bill  : 

          1)Requires the Department of Social Services (DSS) or the  
            adoption agency that joined in the adoption petition to  
            release the names and addresses of siblings to one another if  
            both siblings have attained 18 years of age and have filed a  








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            written request for contact with siblings, along with a waiver  
            of rights for disclosure of their name and information to the  
            sibling.  

          2)Allows an adoptee or sibling who is under 18 years of age,  
            with the consent of the adoptee's adoptive parent or the  
            sibling's legal parent or guardian, to file a written request  
            for release of his or her name and address to a sibling.   
            Provides for consent by the court if a sibling is under the  
            jurisdiction of the dependency court and has no legal parent  
            or guardian able or available to provide consent.

          3)Provides that an adoptee or sibling who seeks contact with  
            another sibling for whom no waiver is on file may petition the  
            court to appoint as confidential intermediary either DSS or  
            the adoption agency to access records of the adoptee and  
            attempt to obtain the consent of the adoptee, siblings,  
            adoptive parent or birth parent, if appropriate, to disclose  
            their names for purposes of reuniting siblings.  Requires the  
            court to grant the petition unless the court finds it would be  
            detrimental to the adoptee or sibling with whom contact is  
            sought.  Requires the confidential intermediary to first  
            contact and obtain the consent of the legal parent if contact  
            is sought with an adoptee or sibling who is under 18.   
            Provides for consent by the court if a sibling is under the  
            jurisdiction of the dependency court and has no legal parent  
            or guardian able or available to provide consent.

          4)Defines sibling as a biological sibling, half sibling or  
            step-sibling of the adoptee.

           EXISTING LAW  :  

          1)Requires DSS or the adoption agency that joined in the  
            adoption petition to release the names and addresses of  
            biological siblings to one another if both siblings have  
            attained 21 years of age and have filed a written request for  
            contact with biological siblings, along with a waiver of  
            rights for disclosure of their name and information to the  
            sibling.  Prohibits DSS from soliciting execution of the  
            waiver, but DSS may announce the availability of the  
            procedure.  (Family Code Section 9205.) 

          2)States the intent of the Legislature that siblings removed  
            from their home for out of home placement be placed together,  








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            unless it is determined not to be in the best interest of one  
            of the siblings.  Provides that if parental rights are  
            terminated and a child is placed for adoption, DSS or the  
            adoption agency shall facilitate ongoing sibling contact, as  
            specified unless determined to be detrimental to the child.   
            (Welfare & Institutions Code Section 16002.)

          3)Provides for postadoption contact agreements between adoptive  
            parents and birth relatives of the adopted child.  Allows for  
            the court to maintain jurisdiction over an adopted child for  
            purposes of enforcing a postadoptioon contract agreement.   
            (Family Code Section 8616.5; Welfare & Institutions Code  
            Section 366.29.)

          4)Gives the juvenile dependency court jurisdiction over children  
            who have suffered or are at risk of serious physical,  
            emotional, or sexual abuse or neglect by a parent.  (Welfare  
            and Institutions Code Section 300.)

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   The bill as currently in print is keyed fiscal.  
           

           COMMENTS  :  This bill, sponsored by the Children's Law Center of  
          Los Angeles, seeks to facilitate sibling relationships when  
          siblings have been adopted.  Under current law, children may  
          seek contact with their biological siblings by requesting that  
          the agency that facilitated the adoption release their siblings'  
          information.  However before the agency can do so, both siblings  
          must have attained the age of 21 and both must have petitioned  
          for release of the information.  This bill would reduce some of  
          those hurdles, by lowering the age to 18, or even lower if the  
          minor's parent consents.  Additionally, if one of the siblings  
          has not filed a request for release, this bill allows a sibling  
          to petition the court to appoint a confidential intermediary to  
          obtain the consent of the other sibling.   

          The author argues that this bill is necessary to help facilitate  
          what for many is their longest lasting relationship in their  
          lifetime - their relationship with their siblings.  For children  
          who have been abused or neglected, this bond is even more  
          important.  Older siblings in these families often act more as  
          siblings than as parents, as they help one another deal with  
          very difficult circumstances.  Unfortunately, current law makes  
          it difficult, and sometimes even impossible, for siblings to  
          find each other and maintain relationships when one or more of  








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          them have been adopted.  The bill is supported by the American  
          Federation of State, County, and Municipal Employees and the  
          National Center for Youth Law.  

          According to data from California's child welfare system, as of  
          October 2004, there were 56,721 children in foster care who had  
          at least one sibling in out-of-home care.  Of these children, 34  
          percent (nearly 19,500 children) were placed with none of their  
          siblings and 24 percent (over 13,600 children) were placed  
          without some of their siblings.  That means that 33,000 children  
          in California's foster care system were separated from at least  
          one of their brothers or sisters.

          The Casey Family Planning Program held a National Leadership  
          Symposium on Siblings in Out-of-Home Care in 2002.  Out of the  
          symposium and other research, Casey developed, among other  
          things, the following beliefs:

                     We believe that it is essential to place  
                 children with all siblings who are in care and  
                 maximize their ability to maintain all family and  
                 community connections.
                     Legislators are responsible for ensuring that  
                 state laws reflect an intent to maintain family  
                 connections by keeping siblings together and  
                 providing for ongoing communication and visitation  
                 when separated.  . . .
                     We believe that, when siblings are separated,  
                 they should be given the opportunity to know who  
                 their siblings are and where they are living.   
                 Resource families who care for them should  
                 facilitate communication and visits between them,  
                 both during temporary placements and  
                 post-permanency. 

          (Casey Family Programs, Siblings in Out-of-Home Care:  An  
          Overview (April 29, 2003).)

          California is a recognized leader in legislative efforts to keep  
          together siblings involved with the foster care system.  AB 705,  
          2001 Stats., Chap. 747, and AB 1987, 2000 Stats., Chap. 909,  
          both by Assembly Member Steinberg, recognized the importance of  
          maintaining and developing sibling relationship, and sought to  
          ensure that appropriate consideration is given to that  
          relationship.  These bills required children in dependency cases  








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          to be placed with their siblings whenever practicable and  
          required that, when not placed together, their sibling  
          relationships be established and maintained.  Additionally, AB  
          2196 (Washington), 1997 Stats., Chap. 1072, allowed for  
          postadoption contact between siblings in the adoption order  
          provided the adoptive parents do not object. 

          This bill will allow siblings, through release of their contact  
          information with DSS or the relevant adoption agency, to contact  
          each other once they reach the age of 18.  Currently, they must  
          wait until they are 21.  If one or more of the siblings are  
          below the age of 18, this bill allows them to still seek  
          contact, provided they have their parent's permission, or if  
          they are still under the jurisdiction of the dependency court  
          with no legal parent or guardian able or available to provide  
          consent, with the consent of the court.

          If only one of the siblings seeks contact, this bill allows for  
          the court to appoint a confidential intermediary, either DSS or  
          the adoption agency that conducted the adoption, to try and  
          establish contact.  The court is directed to make the  
          appointment unless it finds that such contact would be  
          detrimental to the sibling for whom contact is sought.  The  
          intermediary will then attempt to locate the sibling and seek  
          his or her consent to release contact information.  If the  
          sibling is below 18, the intermediary would be required to  
          obtain the consent of the sibling's parent before contacting the  
          child.   If the sibling is still under the jurisdiction of the  
          dependency court with no legal parent or guardian able or  
          available to provide consent, the intermediary would be required  
          to seek the consent of the court before contacting the child.

           Technical Amendment  :  It should be clarified that consent of the  
          dependency court is only required if the child, for whom no  
          legal parent or guardian is able or available to provide  
          consent, is below 18.
           
          REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          Children's Law Center of Los Angeles (sponsor)
          American Federation of State, County, and Municipal Employees  
          (AFSCME), AFL-CIO
          National Center for Youth Law








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           Opposition 
           
          None on file.
           

          Analysis Prepared by  :    Leora Gershenzon / JUD. / (916)  
          319-2334