BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 2869
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:  April 25, 2006
          Consultant:     Scott Hinkle



                         ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC SAFETY
                                  Mark Leno, Chair

                     AB 2869 (Leno) - As Amended:  March 30, 2006
           

          SUMMARY  :   Requires the California Victim Compensation and  
          Government Claims Board, withstanding any other provision of law  
          or decision of the board, pursuant to specified sections of the  
          Government Code, to award compensation to an individual seeking  
          reimbursement for burial or funeral expenses if the deceased  
          person died as a result of a crime regardless of whether the  
          deceased person was not discharged from probation or parole as  
          long as the deceased person was not involved in the commission  
          of a crime at the time of death and the individual seeking  
          reimbursement is not otherwise ineligible for compensation.

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Provides than an application for compensation shall be filed  
            with the Board in the manner determined by the Board.   
            [Government Code Section 13952(a).]

          2)Provides that the application for compensation shall be  
            verified until penalty of perjury by the individual who is  
            seeking compensation, who may be the victim or derivative  
            victim, or an individual seeking reimbursement for burial,  
            funeral, or crime scene cleanup expenses pursuant specified  
            sections of the Government Code.  [Government Code Section  
            13952(b)(1).]

          3)Provides that if the individual seeking compensation is a  
            minor or is incompetent, the application shall be verified  
            under penalty or perjury or on information and belief by the  
            parent with legal custody, guardian, conservator, or relative  
            caregiver of the victim for whom the application is made.   
            However, if the minor seeks compensation only for expenses for  
            medical, medical-related, psychiatric, psychological, or other  
            mental health counseling-related services and the minor is  
            authorized by statute to consent to those services, the minor  








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            may verify the application for compensation under penalty of  
            perjury.  [Government Code Section 13952(b)(1).]

          4)States that except as provided by specified sections of the  
            Government Code, a person shall be eligible for compensation  
            when all of the following requirements are met (Government  
            Code Section 13955):

             a)   The person form whom compensation is being sought is any  
               of the following [Government Code Section 13955(a)]:

                i.     A victim.  [Government Code Section 13955(a)(1).]

                ii.    A derivative victim.  [Government Code Section  
                 13955(a)(2).]

                iii.    A person who is entitled to reimbursement for  
                 funeral, burial or crime scene clean up expenses pursuant  
                 to specified sections of the Government Code.   
                 [Government Code Section 13955(a)(3).]

             b)   Either of the following conditions is met [Government  
               Code Section 13955(b)]:

                i.     The crime occurred within California whether or not  
                 the victim is a resident of California.  This only  
                 applies when the Board determines that there are federal  
                 funds available to the state for the compensation of  
                 crime victims.  [Government Code Section 13955(b)(1).]

                ii.    Where or not the crime occurred within the State of  
                 California, the victim was any of the following  
                 [Government Code Section 13955(b)(2)]:

                  1.        A resident of the state.  [Government Code  
                    Section 13955(b)(2)(A).]

                  2.        A member of the military stationed in  
                    California.  [Government Code Section 13955(b)(2)(B).]

                  3.        A family member living with a member of the  
                    military station in California.  [Government Code  
                    Section 13955(b)(2)(C).]

             c)   If compensation is being sough for derivative victim,  








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               the derivative victim is t a resident of California or the  
               resident of another state who is any of the following  
               [Government Code Section 13955(c)]:

                i.     At the time of the crimes was the parent,  
                 grandparent, sibling, spouse, child or grandchild of the  
                 victim.  [Government Code Section 13955(c)(1).]

                ii.    At the time of the crime was living in the  
                 household of the victim.  [Government Code Section  
                 13955(c)(2).]

                iii.   At the time of the crime was a person who had  
                 previously lived in the house of the victim for a person  
                 of not less than two years in relationship substantially  
                 similar to a previously listed relationship.  [Government  
                 Code Section 13955(c)(3).]

                iv.    Another family member of the victim including, but  
                 not limited to, the victim's fianc? or fianc?e, and who  
                 witnessed the crime.  [Government Code Section  
                 13955(c)(4).]

                v.     Is the primary caretaker of a minor victim, but was  
                 not the primary caretaker at the time of the crime.   
                 [Government Code Section 13955(c)(5).]

             d)   And other specified requirements.  [Government Code  
               Section 13955(d) to (g).]

          5)States that a person shall not be eligible for compensation  
            under the follow conditions (Government Code Section 13956):

             a)   An application shall be denied if the Board finds that  
               the victim or, where compensation is sought by or on behalf  
               of a derivative victim, either the victim or derivative  
               victim knowingly and willing participated in the commission  
               of the crime that result in the pecuniary loss for which  
               compensation is being sought pursuant to specified sections  
               of the Government Code.  However, this subdivision shall  
               not apply if the injury or death occurred as a direct  
               result of rape, rape of a spouse, unlawful sexual  
               intercourse, or willful infliction of corporal injury.   
               [Government Code Section 13956(a).]









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             b)   An application shall be denied if the board finds that  
               the victim or, where compensation is sought by or on behalf  
               of, a derivative victim, either the victim or derivative  
               victim failed to cooperate reasonably with a law  
               enforcement agency in the apprehension and conviction of a  
               criminal committing the crime.  However, in determining  
               whether cooperation has been reasonable, the Board shall  
               consider the victim's or derivative victim's age, physical  
               condition, and psychological state, cultural or linguistic  
               barriers, any compelling health and safety concerns  
               including, but not limited to, a reasonable fear of  
               retaliation or harm that would jeopardize the well-being of  
               the victim or the victim's family or the derivative victim  
               or the derivative victim's family, and giving due  
               consideration to the degree of cooperation of which the  
               victim or derivative victim is capable in light of the  
               presence of any of these factors.  [Government Code Section  
               13956(b)(1).]

             c)   An application for compensation may be denied, in whole  
               or in part, if the Board finds that denial is appropriate  
               because of the nature of the victim's or other applicant's  
               involvement in the events leading to the crime or the  
               involvement of the persons whose injury or death gives rise  
               to the application.  In the case of a minor, the Board  
               shall consider the minor's age, physical condition, and  
               psychological state, as well as any compelling health and  
               safety concerns, in determining whether the minor's  
               application should be denied pursuant to this section.  The  
               application of a derivative victim of domestic violence  
               under the age of 18 years of age or a derivative victim of  
               trafficking under 18 years of age may not be denied on the  
               basis of the denial of the victim's application under this  
               subdivision.  [Government Code Section 13956(c).]

             d)   Notwithstanding Government Code Section 13955, no person  
               who is convicted of a felony may be granted compensation  
               until that person has been discharged from probation or has  
               been released from a correctional institution and has been  
               discharged from parole, if any.  In no case shall  
               compensation be granted to an applicant pursuant to this  
               chapter during any period of time the applicant is held in  
               a correctional institution.  [Government Code Section  
               13956(d)(1).]









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             e)   A person convicted of a felony may apply for  
               compensation pursuant to this chapter at any time, but the  
               award of that compensation may not be considered until the  
               applicant meets the requirements for compensation set forth  
               in paragraph has been discharged from probation or has been  
               discharge from a correctional institution and has been  
               discharged from parole.  [Government Code Section  
               13956(d)(2).]

             f)   Applications of victims who are not felons shall receive  
               priority in the award of compensation over an application  
               submitted by a felon who has met the requirements for  
               compensation.  [Government Code Section 13956(d)(3).]

          6)Provides that when a victim dies as a result of  crime, the  
            Board may reimburse any individual who voluntarily, and  
            without anticipation of personal gain, pay or assumes the  
            obligation to pay any of the following expenses [Government  
            Code Section 13957(a)(9)]:

             a)   The medical expenses incurred as a direct result of the  
               crime in an amount not to exceed the rates or limitations  
               established by the Board.  [Government Code Section  
               13957(a)(9)(A).]

             b)   When the crime occurs in a residence, the reasonable  
               costs to clean the scene of the crime in an amount not to  
               exceed $1,000.  [Government Code Section 13957(a)(9)(B).]

             c)   The funeral and burial expenses incurred as a direct  
               result of the crimes, not toe exceed $7,500.  [Government  
               Code Section 13957(a)(9)(B).]

          7)Provides that the total award to or on behalf of each victim  
            or derivative victim may no exceed $35,000, except that this  
            amount may be increased to $70,000 if federal funds for that  
            increase are available.  [Government Code Section 13957(b).]
           
           FISCAL EFFECT  :   Unknown

           COMMENTS  :   

           1)Author's Statement  :  According to the author, "Current law is  
            sufficiently ambiguous as to allow the Board to deny claims of  
            family members to pay for the burial or funeral costs of their  








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            loved ones if they were still on parole or probation at the  
            time of their violent death.  

            "A group of constituents came to visit me who had been denied  
            such claims.  These constituents were so proud of their  
            sons/family members who had left their gang pasts behind after  
            release from prison, were working hard to support their  
            families, but were gunned down by their former gang for doing  
            exactly what society had asked them to do - distance  
            themselves from the gang and live honest and hard-working  
            lives.

            "The simple fact that their sons were still on parole or  
            probation (for a lesser crime) at the time they were gunned  
            down resulted in a denial of their families' claims for  
            burial/funeral expenses.

            "This bill attempts to provide clarity in the statute so that  
            guidance from the Board governing claims for burial or funeral  
            expenses is consistent from year to year so that we treat  
            victims of violent crime consistently  as long as they were not  
            perpetrators of the crime that resulted in their death  .  This  
            bill provides that clarity, without making it possible for the  
            Board to pay claims for perpetrators of the crime, such as in  
            the 1986 Cabarga case."

           2)Background  :  According to background submitted by the author,  
            "Current guidance and claim forms issued by the Board indicate  
            that a person is ineligible for compensation as a victim of  
            crime if he/she (the dead person) was on probation or parole  
            at the time of the crime.  This includes compensation for  
            burial costs for a victim who dies as a result of the crime.   
            The Board currently considers the victim to be the dead  
            person, not the family members (derivative victims) who have  
            lost their loved one due to the crime and now are burdened  
            with the costs of burial as a result of the crime.  

            "Under the interpretation of the current Board, a family  
            member who has lost a loved one to violent crime is not  
            considered a 'derivative victim' for purposes of submitting a  
            claim on the Fund unless the deceased victim of crime was not  
            on probation or parole at the time of their killing regardless  
            of whether or not the deceased was a participant in the crime  
            that resulted in their death. 









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            "Legislative Counsel has opined (orally, upon submission of  
            this bill's language) that the current guidance and forms  
            issued by the Board are inconsistent with the underlying  
            statute - that family members ARE entitled to file and collect  
            on claims to cover burial costs under current law and are  
            reluctant to restate current law in the statute.

            "Victims of Crime Restitution Fund (VCRF) staff notes that the  
            practice of the Board has been inconsistent over the years.   
            At times, under previous boards, such claims were honored;  
            under other boards, such claims have been denied. 

            "VCRF staff have provided the following historical explanation  
            for the inconsistency:  
            'About 20 years ago, three-year-old Tara B. and her 10-year  
            old brother, Jeremy, were abducted from their car in a store  
            parking lot.  Jeremy escaped after a short period of time, but  
            Tara was held for several weeks.  The kidnappers, Luis (Tree  
            Frog) Johnson and Alex Cabarga, were ultimately arrested and  
            sent to prison.

            'Cabarga filed a $700 claim for mental health treatment  
            received in prison, which was paid in 1986 by the Board.   
            Although victims' claims are confidential, the news of the  
            inmate claim was leaked to the press, which caused much public  
            outrage, resulting in the felon/probationer exclusion in the  
            statute.

            'Members of the public who have been denied claims to assist  
            them in burying their loved ones have appealed to the author's  
            office for assistance.  Former gang members who were still on  
            parole and were trying desperately to distance themselves from  
            their former associates and gang members were gunned down for  
            doing exactly what society expects of them - leaving the gang  
            life.  Many of them are from poor families still reeling from  
            the economic impact of losing an income while their family  
            member was in prison.  Now, they must try to deal with their  
            loss without victim assistance and face further economic  
            hardship to cover the burial or funeral costs.'

            "The author believes this is unfair, as well as inconsistent  
            with the statute. 

            "This bill attempts to provide clarity in the statute so that  
            guidance does not vary according to the membership of the  








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            Board at any given time."

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          None on file

           Opposition 
           
          None on file
           

          Analysis Prepared by  :    Scott Hinkle / PUB. S. / (916) 319-3744