BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 2893
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          ASSEMBLY THIRD READING
          AB 2893 (Mountjoy)
          As Amended April 27, 2006
          Majority vote 

           JUDICIARY           9-0                                         
           
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          |Ayes:|Jones, Harman, Evans,     |     |                          |
          |     |Haynes, Laird, Leslie,    |     |                          |
          |     |Levine, Lieber, Monta?ez  |     |                          |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |     |                          |     |                          |
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           SUMMARY  :  Denies custody and unsupervised visitation for certain  
          registered sex offenders.  Specifically,  this bill  denies  
          physical or legal custody, or unsupervised visitation, to a  
          registered sex offender with his or her child or grandchild if  
          the victim was the person's child or grandchild, unless the  
          court finds that there is no risk to the child's health, safety,  
          and welfare, and states the reasons for its finding in writing  
          or on the record.  Failure to state the court's reasons in  
          writing or on the record will make the order void and  
          unenforceable.

           EXISTING LAW  :  

          1)Provides courts with the widest discretion to make custody  
            determinations that are in the best interest of the child.  

          2)Provides that a person who is required to register as a sex  
            offender where the victim was a minor or has been convicted of  
            child endangerment, injuring a child, or annoying or molesting  
            a child, shall not be granted custody or unsupervised  
            visitation with a child unless the court finds there is no  
            significant risk to the child and states its reasons on the  
            record.  

          3)Provides that a person who resides with a person required to  
            register as a sex offender for a crime where the victim was a  
            minor shall not be granted custody or unsupervised visitation  
            with a child unless the court finds there is no significant  
            risk to the child and states its reasons on the record.  









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          4)Holds that, for purposes of establishing, modifying or  
            terminating a custody or visitation order, the fact that a  
            child is permitted unsupervised contact with a person required  
            to register as a sex offender for a crime where the victim was  
            a minor is prima facie evidence that the child is at  
            significant risk, and that prima facie evidence constitutes a  
            presumption affecting the burden of proof.  The presumption  
            does not apply if there are factors mitigating against its  
            application, including whether the person seeking custody is  
            also required to register as a sex offender where the victim  
            was a minor.  

          5)Provides that no person who has been convicted of rape shall  
            be granted custody of, or visitation with, a child who was  
            conceived as a result of that rape.  

          6)Provides that no person who has been convicted of murder in  
            the first degree shall be granted custody of or visitation  
            with a child when the victim was the other parent of the  
            child, unless the court finds there is no risk to the child's  
            health, safety, and welfare.  

          7)Provides that an adult must register for life as a sex  
            offender if he or she commits a specified sex offense.  There  
            are over 30 of such offenses, including:  lewd act in public;  
            sexual battery; indecent exposure; annoying or molesting a  
            child; rape; sodomy; a lewd act with a child; oral copulation;  
            rape or sodomy with a foreign object; pimping or pandering a  
            minor under the age of 16; kidnapping for purposes of  
            committing a sex crime; and, continuous sexual abuse of a  
            child, assault with the intent to commit a sex crime.  

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  None  

           COMMENTS  :  This bill seeks to protect children from unsupervised  
          contact with registered sex offenders by prohibiting the court  
          from granting either physical or legal custody of, or  
          unsupervised visitation with, a child or a grandchild to a  
          parent who is a registered sex offender and the victim was the  
          person's child or grandchild.  This prohibition is not absolute.  
           A court may award custody or unsupervised visitation if the  
          court determines that there is no risk to the child's health,  
          safety, and welfare.  The court must state the reasons for its  
          finding in writing or on the record.  This is the same standard  








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          used in custody cases involving a parent who was convicted of  
          first degree murder of the child in question's other parent.  

          The author contends this bill is necessary "to assure victims of  
          child sexual abuse by their own parents or grandparents that  
          they will never again be placed in a position to be sexually  
          abused by those who would be protecting them ever again.  We  
          should put ourselves in the shoes of these children and feel the  
          betrayal and fear they feel when they are returned to the care  
          of those who have sexually abused them."

          People convicted of various sex offenses are required to  
          register as sex offenders.  The offenses requiring registration  
          are numerous and include:  rape; sexual battery; aggravated  
          sexual assault of a child; sodomy; incest; soliciting  
          prostitution; pimping; possession of child pornography; and,  
          indecent exposure.

          Under current law, there are three standards used to determine  
          custody and visitation issues for registered sex offenders and  
          for those who have committed specified criminal acts.  First, if  
          the person seeking custody or unsupervised visitation with a  
          child is a registered sex offender or lives with a registered  
          sex offender, then custody or unsupervised visitation is denied  
          unless the court finds there is no significant risk to the  
          child.  Second, without exception, neither custody nor  
          visitation is allowed with the perpetrator of a rape if the  
          child was conceived as a result of that rape.  Third, and  
          somewhere between those other two standards, a person who was  
          convicted of first degree murder of a child's other parent, may  
          not be granted custody of, or unsupervised visitation with, that  
          child unless the court finds there is no risk to the child's  
          health, safety, and welfare.

          Supporters of this bill argue that this bill is necessary to  
          protect children from being re-victimized.  Writes the  
          California Protective Parents Association:  "Our organization  
          believes that registered sex offenders should not be allowed  
          unsupervised contact with children under any condition, due to  
          the risk of recidivism.  Once is enough."


           Analysis Prepared by  :    Leora Gershenzon / JUD. / (916)  
          319-2334 








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