BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    







                      SENATE COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC SAFETY
                           Senator Carole Migden, Chair              A
                             2005-2006 Regular Session               B

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          AB 3064 (Assembly Public Safety Committee)                 4
          As Amended May 26, 2006 
          Hearing date:  June 27, 2006
          Penal Code
          SM:mc

                           INMATE REENTRY ADVISORY COMMITTEE  

                                       HISTORY

          Source:  NAACP, California State Conference

          Prior Legislation: None

          Support: California Catholic Conference; California Correctional  
                   Peace Officers Association; Los Angeles County District  
                   Attorney's Office; Friends Committee on Legislation;  
                   American Civil Liberties Union; Coalition for Effective  
                   Public Safety; California Public Defenders Association;  
                   County of San Diego

          Opposition:None known

          Assembly Floor Vote:  Ayes  49 - Noes  31



                                         KEY ISSUE
           
          SHOULD THE SECRETARY OF THE CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTIONS AND  
          REHABILITATION (CDCR) BE REQUIRED TO ESTABLISH A REENTRY ADVISORY  
          COMMITTEE (RAC), AS SPECIFIED, TO ADVISE THE SECRETARY ON ALL  
          MATTERS RELATED TO THE SUCCESSFUL STATEWIDE PLANNING, IMPLEMENTATION  




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          AND OUTCOMES OF ALL REENTRY PROGRAMS AND SERVICES OFFERED BY CDCR?





                                       PURPOSE
          
          The purpose of this bill is to require the Secretary of the  
          California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation (CDCR)  
          to establish a Reentry Advisory Committee (RAC), as specified,  
          to advise the Secretary on all matters related to the successful  
          statewide planning, implementation and outcomes of all reentry  
          programs and services offered by CDCR.
          
           Existing law  provides that, commencing July 1, 2005, all powers  
          and duties previously granted to and imposed upon the CDCR shall  
          be exercised by the Secretary of CDCR, except where those powers  
          and duties are expressly vested by law in the Board of Parole  
          Hearings.  Whenever a power is granted to the Secretary or a  
          duty is imposed upon the Secretary, the power may be exercised  
          or the duty performed by a subordinate officer to the Secretary  
          or by a person authorized pursuant to law by the Secretary.   
          (Penal Code section 5055.)

           Existing law  authorizes the Secretary of CDCR to establish and  
          operate facilities to be known as "community correctional  
          centers."  The Director may enter into a long-term agreement,  
          not to exceed 20 years, for transfer of prisoners to, or  
          placement of prisoners in, community correctional centers.   
          (Penal Code section 6250(a).)

           Existing law  authorizes the Secretary of CDCR to contract for  
          the establishment and operation of community correctional  
          facilities for the treatment of addiction to alcohol or  
          controlled substances based on the therapeutic community model  
          only if the cost per inmate for operating the facilities will be  
          less than the cost per inmate of operating similar state  
          facilities.  (Penal Code section 6250.5(a).) 




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                                    AB 3064 (Assm. Public Safety Committee)
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           Existing law  provides each state prison under CDCR's  
          jurisdiction shall have a citizens' advisory committee except  
          that one committee may serve every prison located in the same  
          city or community.  Each committee shall consist of not more  
          than 15 members appointed by the institution's warden, nine of  
          whom shall be appointed from a list of nominations submitted to  
          him or her as follows:

                 Two persons from nominations submitted by the Assembly  
               member in whose district the prison is located.

                 Two persons from nominations submitted by the Senator in  
               whose district the prison is located.

                 Two persons from nominations submitted by the city  
               council of the city containing or nearest to the  
               institution.

                 Two persons from nominations submitted by the county  
               board of supervisors of the county containing the  
               institution.

                 One person from nominations submitted by the chief of  
               police of the city containing or nearest to the institution  
               and the county sheriff of the county containing the  
               institution.  (Penal Code section 5056(a)(1) to (5).)

           Existing law  specifies that where a citizens' advisory committee  
          serves more than one prison, the warden of each prison served by  
          this committee shall collaborate with every other warden of a  
          prison served by the committee for the purpose of appointing  
          committee members.  (Penal Code section 5056(b).)

           Existing law  provides that each committee shall select its own  
          chairperson by a majority vote of its members.  The term of  
          office of all members shall be two years.  In the event of a  
          vacancy due to resignation, death, or absence from three  
          consecutive meetings, the appointing power shall fill the  




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                                    AB 3064 (Assm. Public Safety Committee)
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          vacancy following receipt of written notification that a vacancy  
          has occurred.  (Penal Code section 5056(c).)

           Existing law  states each committee shall meet at least once  
          every two months or as often, on the call of the chairperson, as  
          necessary to carry out the purposes and duties of the committee.  
           Meetings of the committee shall be open to the public.  The  
          warden of each institution shall meet with the committee at  
          least four times each year.  The advisory committees of the  
          several institutions shall have the power of visitation of  
          prison facilities and personnel in furtherance of the goals of  
          this section.  (Penal Code section 5056(d).)

           This bill  requires the Secretary of CDCR to establish a RAC.   
          The RAC shall report to the Secretary, who shall serve as chair  
          of RAC.  The RAC shall include representation from stakeholders  
          in the successful administration of reentry programming and  
          shall be comprised of the following members, who will be  
          appointed by the Secretary:

                 A representative of the California League of Cities. 

                 A representative of the California State Association of  
               Counties.  

                 A representative of the California State Sheriffs'  
               Association.  

                 A representative of the California Police Chiefs'  
               Association.

                 A representative of the Department of Corrections and  
               Rehabilitation Adult Parole Operations.  

                 A representative of the Department of Mental Health. 

                 A representative of the Department of Social Services. 

                 A representative of the Department of Health Services. 




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                 A representative of the Labor and Workforce Development  
               Agency.  

                 A representative of the County Alcohol and Drug Program  
               Administrators Association.  

                 A representative of the California Association of  
               Alcohol and Drug Program Executives.  

                 An individual with experience in providing housing for  
               low-income individuals.  

                 A recognized expert in restorative justice programs. 

                 An individual with experience in providing education and  
               vocational training services.  

                 An independent consultant with expertise in community  
               corrections and reentry services. 

           This bill  requires the RAC to meet at least quarterly at a time  
          and place determined by the Secretary.  RAC members shall  
          receive compensation for travel expenses, as specified in  
          existing law, but no other compensation.

           This bill  provides that the RAC shall advise the Secretary on  
          all matters related to the successful statewide planning,  
          implementation and outcomes of all reentry programs and services  
          offered by CDCR, with the goal of reducing recidivism of all  
          persons under the jurisdiction of CDCR.

           This bill  requires the RAC to consider, and advise the Secretary  
          of, the following issues:

                     Encouraging collaboration among key stakeholders at  
                 the state and local levels;

                     Developing a knowledge base of what people need to  




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                 successfully return to their communities from prison and  
                 what resources communities need to successfully provide  
                 for these needs; 

                     Incorporating reentry outcomes into CDCR  
                 organizational missions and work plans as priorities; 

                     Funding of reentry programs;

                     Promoting systems of integration and coordination;

                     Measuring outcomes and evaluating the impact of  
                 reentry programs; and,

                     Educating the public about reentry programs and  
                 their role in public safety.



                                      COMMENTS

          1.   Need for This Bill  

          According to the author:

               The recidivism rate for parolees released from  
               California's prisons is nearly twice the national  
               average.  This bill seeks to create a reentry advisory  
               panel within CDCR so that the relevant stakeholders  
               may discuss how parole is working the State of  
               California and how best to implement policies and  
               procedures designed to successfully re-integrate  
               parolees into the community.

          2.   California's Parole Problems   

          According to the Little Hoover Commission Report, "Back to the  
          Community: Safe and Sound Parole Policies" (November 2003), 





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                                    AB 3064 (Assm. Public Safety Committee)
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               California's parole system is a billion-dollar  
               failure.  As the State built and filled prisons over  
               the last 20 years, the number of felons who serve  
               their time and are given bus tickets home has swelled  
               to 125,000 per year.  But the real problem is that a  
               growing percentage of those 125,000 parolees are  
               unprepared to get a job, steer clear of drugs and  
               alcohol and find a home.  Not surprisingly, before  
               long  most of those parolees are back on a bus to  
               prison.  There are four fundamental problems:

                     The time in prison is not being used to prepare  
                 inmates for their eventual release.

                     Available resources - particularly those in  
                 communities - are not being used to help parolees who  
                 with some assistance could get a job and stay out of  
                 trouble.

                     And when inmates do get into trouble, the vast  
                 majority of them go back to prison - even if drug  
                 treatment, short jail stays or some other intervention  
                 would cost less and do more to help them straighten up.

                     Thousands of times each year, parole revocation is  
                 used in lieu of prosecution for parolees who are  
                 suspected of committing new serious crimes. 

               Parolees are a challenge for all states.  But  
               California's parole policies are simply out of sync  
               with the rest of the nation.  California puts a  
               greater percentage of felons on parole.  The State  
               offers little assistance to parolees.  And then it  
               sends parolees back to prison for violations that in  
               other states would land a parolee in drug treatment,  
               work furlough or some other 'intermediate' sanction.   
               The numbers bear that out:  nationally, one in three  
               parolees end up back in prison before completing  
               parole.  In California, two out of three parolees  




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               return to prison.  Criminologists say California's  
               parolees are no more dangerous than those in others  
               states.  Rather, California has created a revolving  
               door that does not adequately distinguish between  
               parolees who should be able to make it on the outside  
               and those who should go back to prison for a longer  
               period of time.  California puts more offenders on  
               parole:  California averages 95% and the national  
               average is 82%.  More prison commitments are returning  
               parolees; California averages 67% and the national  
               average is 35%.  Fewer parolees successfully complete  
               parole; in California, the average is 21% and the  
               national average is 42%. 

               California is not even doing as well on this score as  
               it once did.  Returning prisoners are less prepared  
               than ever before to get a job, stay sober and  
               successfully reunite with family and community.  In  
               1980, about one in four parolees ended up back in  
               prison.  And now, with two out of three coming back,  
               prisons are overcrowded and constantly churning with  
               inmates - frustrating the efforts that do exist to  
               teach and counsel inmates, as well as punish them.   
               Also caught up in this recycling of parole violators  
               are scores of serious criminals, who are blamed, but  
               never formally prosecuted, for murder, assault and  
               rape.  Without another trial - or the long sentences  
               they would receive - many of these criminals are  
               imprisoned for a few months and then given another bus  
               ticket home.  The bottom line:  California's  
               correctional system costs more than it should and it  
               does not provide the public safety that it could.   
               Incarcerating parole violators costs $900 million per  
               year.  The State spends another $465 million on  
               parole, the bulk of which is for parole agents who  
               spend much of their time filling out paperwork to send  
               parolees back to prison.  Another $660 million is  
               spent incarcerating parolees convicted of committing  
               new crimes.




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          3.  Repairing California's Parole Problems   

          The Little Hoover Commission also stated in its 2003 report, 

               Reforms should begin with - and be faithfully guided  
               by - a commitment to align policies, programs and  
               resources to improving public safety as defined by  
               both the incapacitation of serious criminals and the  
               successful reintegration of offenders who serve their  
               time and come back home.  Prisons have excelled at  
               what they have been asked to do:  manage more and more  
               inmates without escapes or riots.  But eventually, all  
               felons are released.  Prison time also must be used to  
               help inmates learn basic skills, kick drug habits, and  
               plan for their release.  Communities also must do  
               more.  As the prison system expanded, the link between  
               state correctional and local law enforcement agencies  
               has weakened.  Frustrated with a parole system they  
               describe as 'broken', some local law enforcement  
               officials have stepped in to provide the supervision  
               and assistance that most felons need to go from  
               cellblock to neighborhood.  But all community assets -  
               from community police to the pulpits - need to help  
               willing parolees obey the law and become  
               self-sufficient.  Workforce investment boards,  
               community colleges, adult schools, Alcoholics'  
               Anonymous, local charities and labor unions all have a  
               role.
           
           In February 2005, the Little Hoover Commission published  
          "Reconstructing Government: A Review of the Governor's Plan  
          Reforming California's Youth & Adult Correctional Agency."  The  
          report addressed the importance of parole reform;

               "The success of efforts to better prepare inmates  
               for release hinges in large part on the success of  
               parole reforms in reducing the size of the prison  
               population so that educational, vocational and  




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               treatment programs can be more effectively managed  
               and delivered.  The implementation of parole reforms  
               to reduce the size of the prison population and  
               improve efforts to prepare inmates for release to  
               the community should be a high priority."

               "In 2003, the Commission reported that California  
               has the second highest parole failure rate in the  
               country.  Sixty-seven percent of California prison  
               commitments are parolees returned to custody  
               compared to a national average of 35 percent.  The  
               Commission recommended that the State cut costs and  
               improve outcomes by using alternatives to prison for  
               the large percentage of parole violators returned to  
               prison for drug use and possession.  The  
               Legislature, in the 2003-04 Budget Act directed the  
               department to implement a series of reforms,  
               including alternatives to prison, to reduce the  
               prison population.

               "Despite Secretary Hickman's assertion that  
               technical violation and parole discharge reforms are  
               progressing, the prison population has grown.  Given  
               overcrowding, reducing the prison population is  
               critical to effectively implementing programs to  
               prepare inmates for release.  The Commission and the  
               Independent Review Panel<1> recommended that the  
               State shift the responsibility for parolees to  
               communities for certain nonviolent offenders.   
               Neither the reorganization plan nor the strategic  
               plan address the parole reforms required by the  
               Legislature or the recommendations for shifting  
               parole to counties.  In the strategic plan,  
               ---------------------
          <1> This refers to the Corrections Independent Review Panel  
          ("IRP") assembled by Governor Schwarzenegger and Chaired by  
          former Governor George Deukmejian, which was tasked with  
          conducting a comprehensive review of California's corrections  
          system and make recommendations for reform.  The IRP issued its  
          Report in July 2004.



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               expansions of evidence-based reentry and parole  
               supervision strategies are not slated not to occur  
               until 2007, but should be accelerated."

          This bill would create a reentry advisory panel within CDCR to  
          enable the relevant stakeholders to discuss how parole is  
          working the State of California and how best to implement  
          policies and procedures.  

          SHOULD THE SECRETARY OF THE CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTIONS  
          AND REHABILITATION (CDCR) BE REQUIRED TO ESTABLISH A REENTRY  
          ADVISORY COMMITTEE (RAC), AS SPECIFIED, TO ADVISE THE SECRETARY  
          ON ALL MATTERS RELATED TO THE SUCCESSFUL STATEWIDE PLANNING,  
          IMPLEMENTATION AND OUTCOMES OF ALL REENTRY PROGRAMS AND SERVICES  
          OFFERED BY CDCR?



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