BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



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          SENATE THIRD READING
          SB 33 (Battin)
          As Amended August 31, 2005
          Majority vote 

           SENATE VOTE  :34-1  
           
           PUBLIC SAFETY       5-1         APPROPRIATIONS      17-0        
           
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
          |Ayes:|La Suer, Ruskin, Dymally, |Ayes:|Chu, Sharon Runner, Bass, |
          |     |Spitzer, Hancock          |     |Berg, Calderon, Emmerson, |
          |     |                          |     |Karnette, Klehs, Leno,    |
          |     |                          |     |Nakanishi, Nation,        |
          |     |                          |     |Oropeza, Laird, Saldana,  |
          |     |                          |     |Walters, Yee, Mullin      |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |Nays:|Leno                      |     |                          |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
           SUMMARY  :  Changes the definition of "incest" and limits the  
          granting of probation in sentencing of child molestation and  
          continuous sexual abuse of a child, as specified.  Specifically,  
           this bill  :

          1)Further defines the crime of "incest" to include related  
            persons who are 14 years of age or older who commit  
            fornication or adultery with each other.

          2)Limits provisions of existing law that allow prosecutors to  
            seek deferred entry of judgment and referral to counseling in  
            lieu of criminal prosecution in any case involving a minor  
            victim to cases of physical abuse or neglect.

          3)Limits the court's ability to grant probation to a person  
            convicted of child molestation or continuous sexual abuse of a  
            child when the probation ineligibility factors are not pled or  
            proven.  In such a case, probation may be granted only if the  
            following terms and conditions are met:

             a)   If the defendant is a member of the victim's household,  
               the court finds probation is in the best interest of the  
               child victim;








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             b)   The court finds that rehabilitation of the defendant is  
               feasible, the defendant is amenable to treatment, and  
               placed in a recognized treatment program designed to deal  
               with child molestation immediately after the grant of  
               probation or imposition of sentence;

             c)   If the defendant is a member of the victim's household,  
               the defendant must be removed from the household and  
               contact between the defendant and victim prohibited except  
               as narrowly permitted and with the agreement of the victim;  
               and,

             d)   The court finds there is no threat of physical harm to  
               the victim if probation is granted.

          4)Requires the court to state on the record its reasons for  
            whatever sentence the court imposes.

          5)States that no victim shall be compelled to participate in a  
            program or counseling, and no program may condition a  
            defendant's enrollment on participation by the victim.

          6)Requires that recognized treatment programs include specified  
            components, including substantial expertise in the treatment  
            of child abuse; a treatment regimen designed to specifically  
            address the offense; the ability to serve indigent clients;  
            and, adequate and specified reporting requirements to the  
            probation department and to the court.  

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Provides that any person who commits a lewd or lascivious act  
            with a child under the age of 14 years shall be imprisoned in  
            the state prison for three, six or eight years. 

          2)States that "continuous sexual abuse of a child" is defined as  
            three or more acts of substantial sexual conduct with a child  
            under the age of 14 years, or three or more acts of lewd and  
            lascivious conduct with a child under the age of 14 years,  
            over a period of not less than three months in duration.   
            Continuous sexual abuse of a child is punishable by  
            imprisonment in the state prison for 6, 12, or 16 years.  









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          3)Provides for the "one-strike" sex crime sentencing law that  
            provides sentences of 15-years or 25-years-to-life in certain  
            sex crimes if specified circumstances in aggravation are found  
            to be true. 

          4)Provides limited exceptions to the one-strike sex law for  
            specified persons convicted of specified intra-familial child  
            molestation offenses.  Provides that such persons may be  
            granted probation if the court makes all of the following  
            findings:

            a)  The defendant is the victim's parent, or member of the  
              victim's household or relative;

            b)  Probation for the defendant is in the best interests of  
              the child; 

            c)  Rehabilitation is feasible and the defendant is placed in  
              a recognized treatment program immediately after the grant  
              of probation;

            d)  The defendant is removed from the household of the victim  
              until the court determines that the best interests of the  
              child would be served by returning the defendant to that  
              household; and,

            e)  There is no threat of physical harm to the child victim if  
              probation is granted.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Assembly Appropriations  
          Committee analysis:

          1)Unknown, significant annual General Fund (GF) costs,  
            potentially in the range of $35 million, for increased state  
            prison commitments in lieu of probation.

          There is little solid data regarding the number of familial sex  
            abuse offenders who receive probation in lieu of state prison.  
             Several prosecutors suggest this figure could be in the range  
            of several hundred commitments.  Extrapolating from about  
            1,500 offenders committed to state prison annually for child  
            sexual abuse (without force) if this bill results in an  
            additional 200 offenders serving prison time in lie of  
            probation, the annual GF costs would be about $35 million in  








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            five years, assuming a mid-term sentence of six years and 85%  
            sentence credit (for violent felonies.)

          Another way of estimating the potential universe of offenders  
            who may receive prison in lieu of parole as a result of this  
            bill is to reference the number of registered sex offenders  
            convicted of intra-familial offenses who have applied for  
            exclusion from the Megan's Law Web site under provisions of  
            law that allow exclusion for specified familiar offenders who  
            received probation.  Department of Justice (DOJ) data indicate  
            that of this month, DOJ granted 764 of 6,061  applications for  
            exclusion from the Megan's Law Web site for eligible sex  
            offender registrants who were granted and successfully  
            completed probation following a conviction of specified  
            intra-familial child sexual molestation cases.  These  
            (growing) figures indicate that the number of persons who  
            annually receive probation in lieu of prison is significant.

          2)Inestimable costs/savings to state and local social services  
            agencies to the extent this bill helps of hinders family  
            reunification and victim recovery.

           COMMENTS  :  According to the author, "[As stated on the PROTECT  
          Web site, describing familial sexual abuse of children,] 'They  
          were betrayed by an adult who should have loved and protected  
          them, then they were betrayed again by California law.'  

          "As stated earlier, under current California law, if a person  
          molests a stranger, he or she is considered predatory and go to  
          prison.  But if a person harms another person close to him or  
          her, that person can receive therapy.  It is inappropriate, and  
          harmful to the children involved, for society to pretend that  
          one offender can be cured while the other must be removed for  
          our protection.

          Please see the policy committee analysis for full discussion of  
          this bill.

           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Kathleen Ragan / PUB. S. / (916)  
          319-3744 











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