BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                       



           ------------------------------------------------------------ 
          |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE            |                   SB 551|
          |Office of Senate Floor Analyses   |                         |
          |1020 N Street, Suite 524          |                         |
          |(916) 445-6614         Fax: (916) |                         |
          |327-4478                          |                         |
           ------------------------------------------------------------ 
           
                                         
                                 THIRD READING


          Bill No:  SB 551
          Author:   Lowenthal (D)
          Amended:  1/23/06
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE TRANSPORTATION & HOUSING COMMITTEE  :  9-4, 4/5/05
          AYES:  Torlakson, Cedillo, Ducheny, Kehoe, Lowenthal,  
            Machado, Murray, Simitian, Soto
          NOES:  McClintock, Ashburn, Maldonado, Runner
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Margett

           SENATE BUSINESS, PROF. & ECON. DEV. COMM.  :  4-1, 1/9/06
          AYES:  Figueroa, Florez, Murray, Simitian
          NOES:  Aanestad
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Morrow, Vacancy

           SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  7-4, 1/17/06
          AYES:  Murray, Alarcon, Alquist, Florez, Ortiz, Romero,  
            Torlakson
          NOES:  Aanestad, Ashburn, Dutton, Poochigian
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Battin, Escutia


           SUBJECT  :    Common interest development ombudsperson pilot  
          program

           SOURCE  :     California Law Revision Commission


           DIGEST  :    This bill establishes an Office of the Common  
          Interest Development Ombudsperson within the Department of  
          Consumer Affairs to provide education to both homeowners  
                                                           CONTINUED





                                                                SB 551
                                                                Page  
          2

          and association officers.  

           ANALYSIS  :    A common-interest development (CID) is a form  
          of real estate where each homeowner has an exclusive  
          interest in a unit or lot and a shared or undivided  
          interest in common area property.  Condominiums, planned  
          unit developments, stock cooperatives, community  
          apartments, and many resident-owned mobilehome parks all  
          fall under the umbrella of CIDs.  The Davis-Stirling Common  
          Interest Development Act provides the legal framework under  
          which homeowner associations operate in CIDs.  In addition  
          to the requirements of the Act, each CID is governed by a  
          homeowner association according to the recorded  
          declarations, bylaws, and operating rules of the  
          association.

          Except at the initial stage of development, there is no  
          state oversight of CIDs.  State laws and the governing  
          documents of an association can only be enforced through  
          the courts.  Given the length and expense of litigation and  
          the inability of parties to obtain legal counsel in the  
          absence of large monetary damages, resolving disputes  
          through the courts is not an option in many cases.  
           
           This bill establishes an Office of the Common Interest  
          Development Ombudsperson (Office) within the Department of  
          Consumer Affairs (DCA) to provide education to both  
          homeowners and association officers.   Specifically, this  
          bill:

          1. Establishes the Office within the DCA, under the  
             supervision and control of the Director of DCA  
             (Director).

          2. Provides that the Director shall employ a CID Ombudsman  
             (Ombudsman) and other officers and employees necessary  
             to carry out the powers delegated to the Ombudsman by  
             the Director.

          3. Requires an association, upon its biennial filing of  
             identifying information with the Secretary of State  
             (SOS), to pay a CID Ombudsman fee.  The initial fee  
             shall be equal to $10 each two years multiplied by the  
             number of separate interests within the association.







                                                                SB 551
                                                                Page  
          3


          4. Provides that the Ombudsman shall increase or decrease  
             the biennial fee amount every two years in order to  
             provide only the revenue that it estimates will be  
             necessary for the operation of the Office.  The biennial  
             fee shall not exceed $20 per separate interest in an  
             association. 

          5. Provides that an association is excused from paying the  
             biennial fee for a given separate interest if the  
             association certifies, on a form developed by SOS, that  
             another association has already paid the biennial fee  
             for the separate interest.  The Ombudsman may adopt  
             rules or regulations to determine which association  
             shall be responsible for paying a separate interest fee  
             if that separate interest is part of more than one  
             association.

          6. Provides that the fee shall not be counted towards the  
             existing provision that an association may not increase  
             regular assessment fees by more than 20 percent, thereby  
             making the fee potentially an additional amount above  
             the 20 percent cap on fee increases.

          7. Creates the Fee Account of the CID Ombudsman Fund and  
             requires SOS to transfer fee revenue to this account for  
             the exclusive purpose of funding the Office, upon  
             appropriation by the Legislature.

          8. Requires the Ombudsman to offer training materials and  
             courses to CID directors, officers and owners regarding  
             the operation of a CID and the rights and duties of an  
             association owner.  Provides that a fee may be charged  
             for training materials or courses that do not exceed the  
             actual cost.

          9. Requires the Ombudsman to maintain a toll-free telephone  
             number.

          10.Requires the Ombudsman to maintain an Internet web site  
             with the following information:

             A.    Relevant statutes and regulations pertaining to  
                the operation of a CID.







                                                                SB 551
                                                                Page  
          4


             B.    Information concerning nonjudicial resolution of  
                disputes, including locally available dispute  
                resolution programs.

             C.    Description of the services offered by the  
                Ombudsman.  

             D.    Contact information for the Ombudsman.

             E.    Any changes to laws governing CIDs and any other  
                information that the Ombudsman deems to be useful to  
                an association or owner.

          11.Requires information provided on the web site to also be  
             available in written form.  Allows the Ombudsman to  
             charge a fee for these materials not to exceed their  
             actual cost of printing and delivery.

          12.Requires an association to provide its members with  
             annual written notice of the web site address and  
             toll-free number of the Ombudsman.

          13.Requires that within 60 days of assuming office an  
             association director must file a certification with the  
             Ombudsman that they have read each of the following:   
             the declaration, articles of incorporation, by-laws of  
             the  association and either the Davis-Stirling Common  
             Interest Development Act or a summary of the law. 

          14.Requires a person who is providing or proposes to  
             provide the services of a CID manager to disclose to the  
             board of directors in writing, on an annual basis, that  
             they have read the governing document of the  
             association.

          15.Requires the Ombudsman to submit, on or before January  
             1, 2009,       recommendations to the Legislature on the  
             scope of the Office and the following issues:

             A.    Whether or not the Ombudsman should be authorized  
                to enforce CID law.

             B.    Whether or not the Ombudsman should have authority  







                                                                SB 551
                                                                Page  
          5

                to oversee association elections.

             C.    Whether or not the provisions requiring a new  
                association director or managing agent to certify  
                they have read the governing documents should be  
                revised.

          16.Allows the Ombudsman to establish an advisory committee  
             that is comprised of a fair representation of interests  
             involved in CIDs. 

          17.Provides that information and advice provided by the  
             Ombudsman has no binding legal effect and is not subject  
             to the rulemaking provisions of the Administrative  
             Procedure Act (APA).

          18.Provides that the Ombudsman shall adopt rules and  
             regulations governing the duties of the Office in  
             accordance with the APA.

          19.Provides that the Office shall sunset on January 1,  
             2011, unless another statute is enacted to delete or  
             extend that date.

          20.Makes legislative findings including the fact that there  
             are 36,000 CIDs in the state, the complexities that  
             volunteer director's face in managing and complying with  
             existing laws, and the adversarial nature of private  
             litigation which is the mechanism under existing law to  
             enforce CID law.

           Similar Legislation
           
          This bill and an identical companion bill in the Assembly,  
          AB 770 (Mullin) comes out of recommendations from the  
          California Law Revision Commission to address problems  
          within CIDs.

           Comments  

          There are over 36,000 CIDs in California containing a total  
          of more than three million housing units, fully a quarter  
          of the state's housing stock.  This figure is growing  
          rapidly as roughly 60 percent of all new housing  







                                                                SB 551
                                                                Page  
          6

          construction is contained within a CID.  Yet when questions  
          or disputes arise, there is no place for homeowners or  
          board members to turn for assistance other than attorneys  
          or trade associations.  

          At least three other states and one county in Maryland have  
          established CID office of some sort.  All but one of these  
          entities also authorizes the office to conduct certain  
          enforcement actions against an association that violates  
          state law.  Nevada provides an interesting case study.   
          Initially, the state's role was limited to education and  
          enforcement, similar to this bill.  Within a few years, it  
          became clear that enforcement authority was needed to  
          effectively deal with disputes in common interest  
          communities, and the state's role was expanded.  

          Nevada's ombudsman program employs 13 full time employees  
          while covering only one-tenth as many CID units as  
          California.  If one extrapolates based on the size  
          difference, California's ombudsperson program would need as  
          many as 130 employees at a cost of roughly $13 million.   
          Given the three million CID units in California and the $5  
          per year fee per unit, the fees imposed by this bill will  
          generate roughly $15 million per year if the collection  
          rate were to reach 100 percent.  The ombudsperson would  
          have the authority to raise or lower fees to meet  
          anticipated costs.  Such an entity would be only somewhat  
          smaller than the State Department of Fair Employment and  
          Housing.  

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  Yes    
          Local:  No

          According to the Senate Appropriations Committee:

                         Fiscal Impact (in thousands)

            Major Provisions      2006-07     2007-08     2008-09     Fund  

           Fee revenues        ($6,000)**           
           ($12,000)**($12,000)**Special*

           Ombudsperson admin            $163      $337       
           $337Special*







                                                                SB 551
                                                                Page  
          7


           Education, misc.    $348      $860      $860       
           Special*

           Printing, training                       
           $7,520***$7,520***  Special*
             materials***

            *   Fee Account of the CID Ombudsperson Fund  
              (continuously 
                appropriated fund created in the bill)

            **  Based on 2.4 million separate interests being  
              assessed $10 biennially

            ***                 SB 551 authorizes the recouping of  
              costs for these materials

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  1/24/06)

          California Law Revision Commission (source)
          California Association of Community Managers
          Executive Council of Homeowners
          League of California Cities

           OPPOSITION  :    (Verified  1/24/06)

          The Stop Hidden Taxes Coalition

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    According to the bill's sponsor,  
          volunteer CID directors face a difficult task.  They must  
          operate a nonprofit corporation, manage significant real  
          property assets, budget for present and future maintenance  
          needs, and enforce property restrictions in a fair and  
          even-handed way - all while complying with a complex body  
          of regulatory law.  Mistakes are inevitable and can lead to  
          costly and divisive problems.  In addition, may CID  
          homeowners do not fully understand their rights under CID  
          law, and may mistakenly contest lawful action by an  
          association board.  This bill helps to avoid CID disputes  
          by educating homeowners and providing practical advice on  
          managing a CID.  

           ARGUMENTS IN OPPOSITION  :    The Stop Hidden Taxes Coalition  







                                                                SB 551
                                                                Page  
          8

          "is opposed to SB 551 (Lowenthal), which would impose a  
          biennial $10 per unit association tax (labeled a fee in the  
          bill) on common interest development associations."  They  
          further state, "The threat of hidden taxes enacted by  
          end-runs around the State Constitution is becoming acute  
          for businesses and consumers in California.  New tax-like  
          fees increase the cost of doing business and threaten jobs  
          that are already vulnerable because of high operating costs  
          in the state.  For this reason, a coalition of business and  
          consumers has formed to raise public awareness and oppose  
          efforts to disguise taxes as fees."  
           

          JJA:mel  1/24/06   Senate Floor Analyses 

                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

                                ****  END  ****