BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  SB 1128
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          Date of Hearing:   August 16, 2006

                        ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS
                                   Judy Chu, Chair

                   SB 1128 (Alquist) - As Amended:  June 22, 2006 

          Policy Committee:                              Public  
          SafetyVote:  6-0

          Urgency:     No                   State Mandated Local Program:  
          Yes    Reimbursable:              Yes

           SUMMARY  

          This bill creates the "Sex Offender Punishment, Control and  
          Containment Act of 2006," which makes dozens of changes to the  
          body of law relating to sex offenders. Specifically, this bill:

          1)Increases penalties for numerous sex offenses, including child  
            pornography, continuous sexual abuse of a child, administering  
            a controlled substance to commit a sex offense. 


          2)Renovates the Department of Justice's (DOJ) Violent Crime  
            Information Network (hardware and software) and expands the  
            Megan's Law database on registered sex offenders by adding the  
            year of conviction and the year the offender was released from  
            incarceration. 


          3)Increases penalties for luring and enables police to use  
            on-line decoys to catch Internet predators.


          4)Increases the period of parole for violent sexual offenses  
            from five to 10 years.


          5)Prohibits sex offenders from loitering near schools, parks,  
            and places where children gather. 


          6)Creates a state and local scheme for assessing the risk  
            presented by convicted sex offenders:  the State Authorized  








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            Risk Assessment Tool for Sex Offenders (SARATSO). Requires all  
            registered sex offenders to undergo assessment, and requires  
            training regarding SARATSO for law enforcement personnel and  
            others who may administer the SARATSO.  


          7)Makes major changes to the Sexually Violent Predator (SVP)  
            program, increasing commitments from two years to  
            indeterminate, tolling parole while a persons is an SVP, and  
            making completion of sex offender treatment programs a  
            condition of release.


          8)Requires the state prison system to operate an in-custody sex  
            offender relapse treatment program, using SARATSO.


          9)Makes a series of miscellaneous changes increasing fines and  
            changing distribution of fines levied on registered sex  
            offenders; funding Sexual Assault Felony Enforcement (SAFE)  
            teams; and funding child abuse and abduction prevention  
            programs. 

          FISCAL EFFECT  

          This bill will result in major annual GF costs, potentially in  
          the range of $200 million. Major costs include:

           1)Increasing penalties for various sex offenses  . If the numerous  
            penalty-related provisions of this bill result in a 10%  
            increase in the population of sex offenders in state prison,  
            the annual GF cost would eventually exceed $25 million. 


           2)One-time state capital outlay costs  , within a few years,  
            potentially in the low hundreds of millions of dollars for  
            construction of additional state mental hospital and prison  
            beds.


           3)Expanding and enhancing the Megan's Law database and enhancing  
            DOJ's VCIN  . Annual GF costs of about $3 million per year for  
            three years to update DOJ's VCIN and add information to the  
            Megan's Law website. Ongoing maintenance costs of about  
            $500,000. 








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           4)Increasing the period of parole for violent sexual offenses  .  
            Costs in the tens of millions of dollars for more staff and  
            more revocations.  


           5)SARATSO  . Creating a state and local scheme for assessing the  
            risk presented by convicted sex offenders, training state and  
            local authorities in the use of the assessment tool, assessing  
            sex offenders, increasing state and local parole and probation  
            staff to supervise more offenders for longer periods of time,  
            and increasing the scope of probation reports, will result in  
            state costs in the tens of million of dollars.


           6)Major changes to the Sexually Violent Predator (SVP) program   
            will eventually result in increased annual costs in the tens  
            of millions of dollars from increasing the number of SVP  
            referrals, hearings, and commitments, and increasing the  
            length of commitments.


           7)Increasing fines on persons convicted of registerable sex  
            crimes  (from $200 to $300 on the first conviction, and from  
            $300 to $500 on a subsequent conviction), will likely result  
            in a relatively minor increase in revenue, probably less than  
            $1 million.  


          8)In-custody sex offender relapse treatment program  would likely  
            cost tens of millions of dollars. To the extent these programs  
            are effective, and reduce recidivism, there could be  
            corresponding out-year savings.  


          9)SAFE teams  . This bill appropriates $6 million to the  
            Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation's (CDCR's)  
            Correctional Standards Authority for grants to counties.  


          10)Office of Emergency Services (OES) child abuse and abduction  
            prevention programs  . This bill appropriates $495,000 to OES.










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           COMMENTS

          1)Rationale.  According to the author, this bill is "a  
            comprehensive, proactive approach to preventing the  
            victimization of Californians by sex offenders. Under current  
            law, California's tactical methods and infrastructure are  
            insufficient for law enforcement to appropriately assess,  
            convict and monitor sex offenders. This bill is the product of  
            months of discussion with, and input from, experts in the area  
            and incorporates a broad spectrum of approaches recognized by  
            law enforcement and avoids key flaws that have marred other  
            bills on this subject, such as residency requirements that  
            dump offenders into rural communities or provisions that  
            inadvertently tie the hands of police in performing Internet  
            sting operations."

           2)Jessica's Law  , which will be on the November ballot as  
            Proposition 83, provides for a series of penalty increases for  
            violent and habitual sex offenders and child molesters. It  
            prohibits registered sex offenders from living within 2,000  
            feet of any school or park, and requires lifetime Global  
            Positioning System (GPS) monitoring of felony registered sex  
            offenders. Prop 83 expands the definition of an SVP, and  
            changes the current two-year involuntary civil commitment for  
            an SVP to an indeterminate commitment. 

            The Legislative Analyst and Department of Finance estimate the  
            fiscal impact on state and local governments as unknown net  
            costs to the state, within a few years, potentially in the low  
            hundreds of millions of dollars annually due primarily to  
            increased state prison, parole supervision, and mental health  
            program costs. These costs will grow significantly in the long  
            term. Potential one-time state capital outlay costs, within a  
            few years, in the low hundreds of millions of dollars for  
            construction of additional state mental hospital and prison  
            beds. Unknown but potentially significant net operating costs  
            or savings to counties for jail, probation supervision,  
            district attorneys, and public defenders.  

           3)SB 1128 and Prop 83  .  Though the initiative and SB 1128 are  
            similar in many areas (SVPs, many of the penalty changes), in  
            other areas, there are major differences: no GPS, no  
            residential restrictions in SB 1128, and no SAFE team funding  








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            or sex offender assessment (SARATSO) in Prop 83; and in many  
            cases, there are minor to moderate differences that will cause  
            confusion and/or chaptering problems (child pornography,  
            extended parole terms, luring, distribution of fine revenue.)   


           4)Related Legislation  .


             a)   AB 231 (S. Runner) and SB 558 (G. Runner), virtually  
               identical to Prop 83, failed passage in the Assembly Public  
               Safety Committee and Senate Public Safety respectively.  


             b)   AB 50 (Leno), which creates the Sex Offender Containment  
               and Management Act of 20006, was introduced as a parallel  
               measure to SB 1128.  AB 50 has been amended to a different  
               topic. 


             c)   AB 1015 (Chu), which creates a Sex Offender Management  
               Board to assess current management practices for adult sex  
               offenders and report is pending in the Senate  
               Appropriations Committee.


             d)   AB 1849 (Leslie) requires DOJ to include on the Megan's  
               Law website, the offender's year of conviction and year of  
               release from incarceration, similar to SB 1128. AB 1849 is  
               pending before Senate Appropriations.  


             e)   SB 864 (Poochigian), which lengthens the period of civil  
               commitment for those found to be SVPs from two years to an  
               indeterminate term failed in the Assembly Public Safety  
               Committee. 


             f)   SB 1178 (Speier) requires men convicted of registerable  
               sex offenses to be assessed for risk of re-offending;  
               similar to the requirements in SB 1128. SB 1178 is also  
               before this committee today.  


           Analysis Prepared by  :    Geoff Long / APPR. / (916) 319-2081 








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