BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  SB 1437
                                                                  Page  1


          SENATE THIRD READING
          SB 1437 (Kuehl)
          As Amended May 1, 2006
          Majority vote 

           SENATE VOTE  :22-15  
           
           EDUCATION           7-3                                         
           
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          |Ayes:|Goldberg, Coto, Hancock,  |     |                          |
          |     |Liu, Mullin, Pavley,      |     |                          |
          |     |Umberg                    |     |                          |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |Nays:|Wyland, Huff, Richman     |     |                          |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
           SUMMARY  :  Requires the inclusion of age-appropriate instruction  
          in social sciences on the roles and contributions of various  
          groups to include people who are lesbian, gay, bisexual, or  
          transgender to the economic, political, and social development  
          of California and the United States (U.S.).  Specifically,  this  
          bill  :   

          1)Prohibits any teacher from giving instruction that reflects  
            adversely on persons because of their gender or sexual  
            orientation.

          2)Prohibits any school district from sponsoring any activity  
            that reflects adversely on persons because of their gender or  
            sexual orientation.

          3)Prohibits the State Board of Education (SBE) and any governing  
            board of any school district from adopting instructional  
            materials that reflect adversely on persons because of their  
            gender or sexual orientation.

          4)Requires governing boards to adopt only instructional  
            materials which accurately portray in an age-appropriate  
            manner the diversity of our society in regards to cultural,  
            racial, gender, and sexual orientation differences, and the  
            contributions of people who are gay, lesbian, bisexual, or  
            transgender to the total development of California and the  








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            U.S.

          5)Recasts the terms sex, color, creed, handicap, national  
            origin, and ancestry as gender, ethnicity, religion,  
            disability, and nationality.

          6)Redefines race, ethnicity, gender, disability, nationality,  
            sexual orientation, nationality, sexual orientation to conform  
            to the definitions in the Penal Code Section 422.56.

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Requires SBE to adopt instructional materials for students in  
            public schools in kindergarten and grades 1-8.

          2)Requires governing boards of school districts to adopt  
            instructional materials for students in grades 9-12 in their  
            districts.

          3)Prohibits SBE and governing boards of school districts from  
            adopting instructional materials that reflect adversely on  
            people because of their race, sex, color, creed, handicap,  
            national origin, or ancestry.

          4)Prohibits teachers from providing instruction, and school  
            districts from sponsoring activities that reflect adversely on  
            people because of their race, sex, color, creed, handicap,  
            national origin, or ancestry.

          5)Requires governing boards to adopt only materials that portray  
            the cultural and racial diversity of our society, including  
            the contributions of both men and women in a variety of roles  
            and occupations, and various ethnic and cultural groups to the  
            total development of California and the U.S.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  None, according to Legislative Counsel.

           COMMENTS  :  Over the years, efforts have been made by a variety  
          of groups to include their roles in the development of the state  
          and country so that students will be aware of the strength  
          contributed to our society through diversity.  Some groups have  
          been successful, others have not.  The Governor now routinely  
          vetoes these bills, with veto messages to the effect that  
          schools can already teach this material.  This bill seeks to  








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          guide the criteria for instructional materials, and to prohibit  
          bashing of gay, lesbian, transgender, and bisexual people in  
          both instruction and instructional materials, and to include, in  
          an age appropriate manner, the contributions and achievements of  
          these people.  

          According to the Senate Judiciary Committee analysis:  

               Since 1965, the prohibition against discriminatory  
               bias in education (including curriculum and  
               educational materials) has been expanded to reflect  
               the expansion of civil rights protections to all  
               aspects of society.  Thus, in 1965 statutory  
               prohibitions against curricula and books reflecting  
               bias against persons because of national origin and  
               ancestry were enacted followed in 1973 by prohibitions  
               against discrimination on the basis of sex.   
               Disability was added in 1987 and in 2003, SB 71  
               (Kuehl), Chapter 650, Statutes of 2003, prohibits  
               promotion of bias against any person on the basis of  
               any characteristic, generally protected against  
               discrimination in sexual health and HIV/AIDS  
               prevention curriculum, instruction and materials.

          According to the author:  

               Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender people are  
               almost entirely omitted from textbooks and other  
               instructional materials in California schools (citing  
               the National School Climate Survey, GLSEN (Gay,  
               Lesbian and Straight Education Network), 2003, which  
               found that 76.2 percent of youth reported that  
               lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender issues were  
               never addressed or discussed in their class).  In the  
               rare instances where lesbian, gay, bisexual and  
               transgender people are explicitly mentioned in the  
               classroom or in classroom materials, it is often in  
               negative terms or in relationship to pathology.  The  
               absence from our curriculum of positive images of  
               lesbian, gay, bisexual or transgender people and their  
               many contributions to California and the United States  
               is a disservice to all children.  Silence and biased  
               messages about lesbian, gay, bisexual or transgender  
               people only promotes negative stereotypes and this, in  








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               turn, can lead to discrimination, harassment, and  
               violence.
           
          In fact, the author states that research shows most hate crime  
          perpetrators, who are in their late teens and early twenties,  
          believe that they do not violate any social norms by attacking  
          those they perceive to be gay, lesbian, bisexual, or  
          transgender.  This fact exposes students who are perceived to be  
          or are associated with gays, lesbians, bisexuals or transgenders  
          in school to violence and harassment, and places them at greater  
          risk for suicide, skipping school, drug and alcohol abuse, and  
          other risk-taking behavior.

          Young people, especially in high school, need positive role  
          models to guide them in finding their places in the world.  For  
          youngsters who are gay, lesbian, or bisexual, these role models  
          are usually missing.  The only forms of recognition they  
          regularly encounter are harassment and exclusion.


           Analysis Prepared by :    Dee Brennick / ED. / (916) 319-2087 


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