BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    






                           SENATE JUDICIARY COMMITTEE
                         Senator Joseph L. Dunn, Chair
                           2005-2006 Regular Session


          SB 1667                                                S
          Senator Kuehl                                          B
          As Amended March 29, 2006
          Hearing Date: April 4, 2006                            1
          Welfare and Institutions Code                          6
          BCP:rm                                                 6
                                                                 7

                                     SUBJECT
                                         
                               Dependent Children

                                   DESCRIPTION  

          This bill facilitates foster parent involvement in  
          dependency review hearings by requiring social workers to  
          serve a copy of the Judicial Council Caregiver Information  
          Form and instructions on how to file the form along with a  
          summary of recommendations regarding the foster child.  
          Additionally, foster parents and other individuals are  
          authorized to attend and provide written evidence in post  
          permanency planning hearings.

                                    BACKGROUND  

          Children facing serious physical, sexual, or emotional  
          abuse and neglect can become dependents of the court.   
          These dependent children are placed under the jurisdiction  
          of the juvenile court.  Prior to a decision about permanent  
          placement, many of these children are temporarily placed  
          with foster families.  During their time with the foster  
          child, foster parents gain valuable information that may be  
          useful to the juvenile court.  Many foster parents lack  
          knowledge on how to convey this information for use in  
          dependency proceedings.  This bill seeks to facilitate  
          their involvement by requiring service of the Judicial  
          Council Caregiver Information Form and instructions for  
          filing that form by the social worker.  
          
          Due to the sensitive nature of the proceedings, juvenile  
                                                                 
          (more)



          SB 1667 (Kuehl)
          Page 2



          dependency hearings are closed to all but a select group of  
          individuals.  Federal law conditions receipt of certain  
          funding upon providing foster parents access to all  
          dependency review proceedings regarding their child.   
          California's implementation of the federal requirement is  
          piecemeal, providing foster parents with notice in some but  
          not all dependency hearings.  This bill seeks to close one  
          of the gaps in existing law by authorizing foster parents  
          and other individuals to attend post permanency planning  
          hearings.
                             CHANGES TO EXISTING LAW
           
           1.Existing law  allows the juvenile court to adjudge a minor  
            child to be a "dependent" of the court. The purpose of  
            dependency proceedings are to protect children from  
            physical, sexual, or emotional abuse and neglect. [Welf.  
            & Inst. Code  300 et. seq.]

             Existing law  allows a social worker under the direction  
            of the juvenile court to temporarily place a child  
            adjudged a dependent of the court.  [Welf. & Inst. Code   
            306.]

             Existing rules of court  require all juvenile court  
            proceedings to be held in special or separate session.   
            Attendance is limited to parents, adult relatives in the  
            state, probation officers, representative of an Indian  
            child's tribe, and other specified individuals.  Foster  
            parents are not permitted in those proceedings unless  
            specifically authorized by statute. [Rules of Court  
            1410.]

            Existing law  does not require foster parents to be  
            parties to dependency proceedings.  De facto parents, and  
            prospective adoptive parents can be made parties to a  
            dependency proceeding, providing them the right to attend  
            all hearings, counsel and to present evidence. [Rules of  
            Court 1412(e); Fam. Code  8542.]

             Existing law  gives foster parents, relative caregivers  
            and certified foster parents the right to notice,  
            attendance, and submission of written evidence they deem  
            relevant for certain dependency review hearings.  Social  
            workers are required to serve a copy of their  
            recommendations on foster parents, or relative  
                                                                       




          SB 1667 (Kuehl)
          Page 3



            caregivers, at least 10 days prior to a dependency review  
            hearing. [Welf. & Inst. Code  293, 366.21, 366.22.]

             This bill  would require service of the Judicial Council  
            Caregiver Information Form (JV -290) and instructions for  
            filing on any foster parents, or relative caregivers in  
            addition to the social worker's recommendations.

           2.Existing law  is silent on the right of attendance and  
            submission of written evidence by foster parents,  
            relative caregivers, community care facilities, and  
            foster family agencies with physical custody of the child  
            in post permanency planning hearings.  [Welf. & Inst.  
            Code  293, 295, 366.3.]

             This bill  would authorize any foster parent, Indian  
            custodian, relative caregiver, community care facility or  
            foster family agency with physical custody of a child to  
            attend all juvenile dependency court post permanency  
            planning hearings for that child.

             This bill  would allow the above individuals to submit  
            written information they deem to be relevant to the  
            court.  

                                     COMMENT
          
          1.    Stated need for the bill  

            According to the author, many "concerned" parties are  
            given the right to be present and submit information at  
            dependency court proceedings.  "In the case of foster  
            parents, however, even though they may be in an ideal  
            position to evaluate foster youths' needs and to advocate  
            for their best interests, access to . . . dependency  
            court proceedings is, at best, inconsistent."   
            Furthermore, "[e]ven when foster parents are legally  
            authorized to submit information, they often lack the  
            knowledge of the court process that would allow them to  
            submit pertinent information on their foster child's  
            wellbeing." Sponsor, Legal Advocates for Permanent  
            Parenting (LAPP), adds that "lack of input from relatives  
            and foster parents caring for dependent children  
            undermines quality decision making in California juvenile  
            courts."  As a result, "children may not receive  
                                                                       




          SB 1667 (Kuehl)
          Page 4



            appropriate services or, in extreme cases, suffer injury  
            or death when information from their caregivers is  
            excluded from the court decision making process."

            To solve these problems, this bill proposes to  
            specifically authorize foster parent attendance at post  
            permanency planning hearings, and provide foster parents  
            with the proper Judicial Council form and instructions to  
            facilitate their involvement.

          2.    Information for foster parents  

            Legally inexperienced foster parents often do not know  
            their rights with regard to their foster children.  Since  
            they generally do not become parties, they do not have a  
            right to counsel and are left to navigate the legal  
            system without direction. 

            This bill proposes to aid foster parents by providing  
            them with the appropriate Judicial Council form and  
            instructions for filing the form with the court.  Prior  
            to a dependency review hearing, foster parents and  
            relative caregivers would be served with those items  
            along with the social worker's recommendations for the  
            child. The concise, two page Caregiver Information Form  
            (JV-290) allows for caregiver input on the child's  
            medical, dental, or physical health, education,  
            adjustment to living arrangement, social skills, peer  
            relationships, special interests, activities and any  
            other helpful information.  Additional information sheets  
            can be attached as needed.  Once the foster parent has  
            filled out the form, they can follow the attached  
            directions to deliver that information to the court.
            For example,  a child is removed from an abusive  
            environment and placed with a foster family.  During the  
            next several months, the foster parents notice certain  
            behavioral, social, and physical problems that may  
            indicate prior abuse.  Planning for the six month  
            hearing, the social worker visits and prepares  
            recommendations for the child's future.  The foster  
            parents are then served with these recommendations, along  
            with notice of the hearing and their right to attend. In  
            addition, under this bill, the foster parents receive the  
            Caregiver Information Form, and instructions for filing  
            the document.  The foster parents, without any legal  
                                                                       




          SB 1667 (Kuehl)
          Page 5



            experience, are able to convey their concerns of abuse to  
            the juvenile court.

            According to the author, by receiving this "concise but  
            comprehensive form . . . [this bill] promotes and  
            streamlines the valuable contributions of foster parents  
            to their foster child's dependency court proceedings." In  
            return, the court benefits from the additional  
            information provided.

          3.   Attendance and right to be heard not equal to party  
          status  

            This bill conforms foster parent's rights in post  
            permanency dependency plan hearings to other dependency  
            proceedings.   Absent this change, a plausible argument  
            could be made that foster parents have no right of  
            attendance or submission of evidence at these hearings.   
            This does not give foster parents the right to become  
            parties to the action, a right generally not conferred by  
            federal or state law. The court may grant them party  
            status, but is not required to do so.  

            Foster parents must have either "de facto parent" or  
            "prospective adoptive parent" status to have the right to  
            become a party in dependency proceedings.  De facto  
            parent status is granted by the court after considering  
            the psychological bonding of the child to the foster  
            parent, provision of day-to-day necessities of the child  
            for an extended period of time, and possession of unique  
            information about the child.  [In re Brittany K. (2005)  
            127 Cal. App. 4th 1497, 1514.]  Prospective adoptive  
            parent status is granted to individuals who have filed,  
            or plan to file, a petition for adoption after  
            termination of parental rights of the child.  

            Once an individual has party status, they generally have  
            a right to be present at all hearings, may present any  
            evidence, cross examine witnesses and be represented by  
            counsel.  Foster parents, under both the proposed and  
            current scheme, are not required to attend hearings,  
            courts may choose not to hear evidence presented, may not  
            cross-examine witnesses and do not have a right to  
            counsel unless they qualify as a de facto or prospective  
            adoptive parent.  
                                                                       




          SB 1667 (Kuehl)
          Page 6




            There are various reasons not to grant foster parents  
            party status to juvenile dependency actions.  Foster  
            parents, by their very nature, are meant to be temporary  
            caregivers for the child.  Once foster parents either  
            care for the child for an extended period of time, or  
            begin adoption proceedings, they are granted either de  
            facto parent or prospective adoptive parent status  
            accompanied by the right to become a party.  As parties  
            in juvenile dependency proceedings are guaranteed  
            counsel, allowing all foster parents to become parties  
            creates the problem of how to fund or otherwise provide  
            for their counsel.   

            Existing provisions allowing attendance and submission of  
            written evidence properly balance their role in the  
            child's life with judicial economy. 

          4.    Other parties provided notice
           
            In addition to the aforementioned foster parents, this  
            bill specifically authorizes Indian custodians, relative  
            caregivers, community care facilities or foster family  
            agencies with physical custody to attend juvenile  
            dependency permanent plan hearings, and submit written  
            evidence.

            Existing law already gives Indian custodians the right to  
            intervene in juvenile dependency proceedings.  While  
            Indian custodians would likely prefer for the tribe to  
            intervene in these situations, this bill would provide an  
            alternative course of action.  

            Community care agencies, not authorized under other  
            statutes, would be the main group that gains a right to  
            attend hearings and submit relevant evidence.

          5.    Chaptering out conflict with SB 678
           
            This bill currently conflicts with SB 678 as both bills  
            amend Welfare and Institutions Code Section 295.  In  
            order to avoid chaptering out problems, these bills  
            should be amended. 

             Support:   American Federation of State, County and  
                                                                       




          SB 1667 (Kuehl)
          Page 7



                         Municipal Employees
                  (AFSCME); California State Care Providers  
                    Association; Family Law Section, State Bar of  
                    California; Foster Parents Association of Santa  
                    Cruz County; Legal Advocates for Permanent  
                    Parenting; National Center on Youth Law (NCYL);  
                    Straight From The Heart Inc.; six individuals

            Opposition:  None Known




                                     HISTORY
           
            Source:  Author

            Related Pending Legislation:  SB 678 (Ducheny), would  
            revise and recast
                                     Family, Probate, and Welfare &  
                                  Institutions Code sections by  
                                  codifying portions of the Indian  
                                  Child Welfare Act (ICWA) and Bureau  
                                  of Indian Affairs (BIA) guidelines.

             Prior Legislation:  SB 1956 (Polanco), Chapter 416,  
                              Statutes of 2002, recast
                             provisions of the Welfare and  
                          Institutions Code regarding notice.

                             SB 1357 (Scott), Chapter 858, Statutes  
                          of 2004, altered adoption provisions  
                          relating to presumed fathers, removed  
                          children born and placed within the state  
                          from the Interstate Compact on the  
                          Placement of Children.

                             AB 2807 (Steinberg), Chapter 810,  
                          Statutes of 2004, corrected errors and  
                          cleaned up provisions including dependency  
                          orders for long-term care.

                             AB 408 (Steinberg), Chapter 813,  
                          Statutes of 2003, required inclusion of  
                          individuals important to a child in the  
                                                                       




          SB 1667 (Kuehl)
          Page 8



                          case plan for certain children.

                             AB 579 (Chu), Chapter 558, Statutes of  
                          2000, required notice to siblings of  
                          dependent children of proceedings.


                                 **************