BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    







                      SENATE COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC SAFETY
                           Senator Gloria Romero, Chair              A
                             2007-2008 Regular Session               B

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          AB 334 (Levine)                                             
          As Amended June 25, 2007 
          Hearing date:  July 3, 2007
          Penal Code
          SM:mc


                               LOST AND STOLEN FIREARMS  

                                       HISTORY


          Source:  Brady Campaign to Prevent Gun Violence

          Prior Legislation: AB 86 (Levine) - Chapter 167, Statutes of  
                       2006
                       SB 59 (Lowenthal) - 2006, vetoed
                       AB 1203 (Lowenthal) - 2004, "stolen handgun"  
                       provisions deleted before enactment with other  
                       unrelated firearms provisions
                       AB 131 (Ortiz) - 1997, failed passage,  
                       reconsideration granted; provisions subsequently  
                       deleted in 1998 and enacted pertaining to food  
                       stamp penalties

          Support: California Chapters of the Brady Campaign to Prevent  
                   Gun Violence (Sponsor); Coalition Against Gun Violence;  
                   Legal Community Against Gun Violence; Los Angeles  
                   County Sheriff's Department; City of Los Angeles;  
                   Orange County Citizens for the Prevention of Gun  
                   Violence; Youth Alive

          Opposition:California Association of Firearms Retailers;  




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                   California Outdoor Heritage Alliance; California Rifle  
                   and Pistol Association; California Sportsman's Lobby,  
                   Inc.; Crossroads of the West Gun Shows; Gun Owners of  
                   California, Inc.; Outdoor Sportsman's Coalition of  
                   California; Safari Club International; National  
                   Shooting Sports Foundation, Inc.

          Assembly Floor Vote:  Ayes  43 - Noes  34



                                        KEY ISSUES
           
          WITH RESPECT TO HANDGUNS ACQUIRED OR REACQUIRED ON OR AFTER JULY 1,  
          2008, OR WHOSE OWNER REPORTS OWNERSHIP OF THE HANDGUN FOR THE FIRST  
          TIME AFTER THAT DATE, SHOULD IT BE AN INFRACTION, PUNISHABLE BY A  
          FINE OF UP TO $100 ON THE FIRST OFFENSE AND UP TO $250 FOR ANY  
          SUBSEQUENT OFFENSE, TO FAIL TO REPORT THAT THE GUN IS LOST OR STOLEN  
          WITHIN FIVE WORKING DAYS, AS SPECIFIED?

          SHOULD ANY PERSON WHO TIMELY REPORTS A LOST OR STOLEN GUN, AS  
          SPECIFIED, BE IMMUNE FROM CIVIL LIABILITY FOR ANY ILLICIT POSSESSION  
          OR USE OCCURRING THEREAFTER, EXCEPT AS SPECIFIED?

          SHOULD THE DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE (DOJ) BE REQUIRED, ON ANY FORM  
          REQUIRING OR ALLOWING A PERSON TO REPORT HIS OR HER OWNERSHIP OF A  
          GUN, ALSO STATE THE REPORTING REQUIREMENTS REGARDING LOST OR STOLEN  
          GUNS?

          SHOULD DOJ BE REQUIRED TO DEVELOP, ON OR BEFORE APRIL 1, 2008, A  
          PROTOCOL FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THESE REQUIREMENTS INCLUDING  
          REQUIREMENTS THAT PEACE OFFICERS NOTIFY VICTIMS OF THEFT OF THE  
          REQUIREMENT THAT LOST AND STOLEN GUNS MUST BE REPORTED, AS  
          SPECIFIED, AND ASSIST VICTIMS, TO THE EXTENT PRACTICABLE, IN  
          IDENTIFYING THE MAKE, MODEL AND SERIAL NUMBER OF THEIR HANDGUNS THAT  
          ARE LOST OR STOLEN?


                                       PURPOSE













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          The purpose of this bill is to (1) provide that, regarding  
          handguns acquired or reacquired on or after July 1, 2008, or  
          whose owner reports ownership of the handgun for the first time  
          after that date, failure to report that the handgun is lost or  
          stolen within five working days, as specified, will be an  
          infraction, punishable by a fine of up to $100 on the first  
          offense and up to $250 for any subsequent offense; (2) provide  
          that any person who timely reports a lost or stolen handgun, as  
          specified, shall be immune from civil liability for any illicit  
          possession or use occurring thereafter, except as specified; (3)  
          require that the Department of Justice (DOJ) on any form  
          requiring or allowing a person to report his or her ownership of  
          a handgun, state the reporting requirements regarding lost or  
          stolen guns; and (4) require DOJ to develop, on or before April  
          1, 2008, a protocol for the implementation of these requirements  
          which shall include requirements that peace officers notify  
          victims of theft of the requirement that lost and stolen  
          handguns must be reported, as specified, and assist victims, to  
          the extent practicable, in identifying the make, model and  
          serial number of their handguns that are lost or stolen.

           Existing law  provides that persons licensed to make, import,  
          collect, or deal in firearms are required to report the loss or  
          theft of firearms they possess, to a law enforcement agency.   
          For example, Penal Code  12071(b)(13) requires licensed dealers  
          to report losses within 48 hours and Penal Code  12086(c)(3)  
          requires licensed firearms manufacturers - whether of handguns  
          or long guns - to report the loss or theft of firearms within 48  
          hours to specified law enforcement agencies.

          Existing law  provides that the sale, loan or transfer of  
          firearms in almost all cases must be processed by, or through, a  
          state licensed dealer or a local law enforcement agency with  
          appropriate transfer forms being used.  (Penal Code  12072(c)  
          and (d) and  12084.)  In those cases where dealer or law  
          enforcement processing is not required, a handgun change of  
          title report must still be sent to the Department of Justice  
          (DOJ).  (Penal Code  12078.)

           Existing law  provides that, on request, DOJ will register  












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          transactions relating to handguns in the Automated Firearm  
          System Unit for persons who are exempt from dealer processing or  
          are otherwise exempt by statute from reporting processes.   
          (Penal Code  12078(l).)

           Existing law  requires handguns to be centrally registered at  
          time of transfer or sale due to various transfer forms centrally  
          compiled by the DOJ.  DOJ is required to keep a registry from  
          data sent to DOJ indicating who owns what handgun by make,  
          model, and serial number and the date thereof.  (Penal Code   
          11106(a) and (c).)  Law enforcement agencies must promptly  
          report to DOJ all reports they receive of lost, stolen, and  
          found property.  (Penal Code  11107 and 11108.)  DOJ must keep  
          a centralized and computerized list of all lost, stolen, and  
          found serialized property reported to it.  (Penal Code   
          11106(a).)

           Existing law  provides that in addition to the requirements of  
          Section 11108 that apply to a local law enforcement agency's  
          duty to report to the DOJ the recovery of a firearm, a police or  
          sheriff's department shall, and any other law enforcement agency  
          or agent may, report to the department in a manner determined by  
          the AG in consultation with the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco,  
          Firearms and Explosives all available information necessary to  
          identify and trace the history of all recovered firearms that  
          are illegally possessed, have been used in a crime, or are  
          suspected of having been used in a crime.  In addition, any law  
          enforcement agency or agent may report to the Attorney General  
          pursuant to this section all information pertaining to any  
          firearm taken into custody, except where the firearm has been  
          voluntarily placed with the law enforcement agency for storage.   
          (Penal Code  11108.3.)

           Existing law  requires that if any person is listed in the  
          registry as the owner of a firearm through a Dealers' Record of  
          Sale prior to 1979, and the person listed in the registry  
          requests by letter that the Attorney General store and keep the  
          record electronically, as well as in the record's existing  
          photographic, photostatic, or nonerasable optically stored form,  
          the Attorney General shall do so within three working days of  












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          receipt of the request, as specified.  (Penal Code   
          11106(c)(4).)

           Existing law  requires that a "personal handgun importer" - a  
          person in lawful possession of a handgun who moves to California  
          after January 1, 1998 - shall either report that ownership to  
          the Department of Justice within 60 days or shall otherwise  
          dispose of the handgun, as specified.  (Penal Code  12001(n)  
          and 12072(f).)

           Existing law  provides that if any weapon has been stolen and is  
          thereafter recovered from the thief or his or her transferee, or  
          is used in such a manner as to constitute a nuisance because it  
          was unlawfully carried or used without the prior knowledge of  
          its lawful owner that it would be so used, it shall be restored  
          to the lawful owner, as soon as its use as evidence has been  
          completed.  The lawful owner must identify the weapon and  
          provide proof of ownership.  (Penal Code  12028(c).)

           Existing law  requires that any person seeking the return of a  
          firearm in the custody or control of a court or law enforcement  
          agency must submit specified information, including for handguns  
          the firearm's make, model, caliber, barrel length, handgun type,  
          country of origin, and serial number.  If the firearm has been  
          reported lost or stolen to a law enforcement agency, as  
          specified, the agency shall notify the owner or person entitled  
          to possession of the firearm.  The person seeking return of the  
          firearm shall be subject to a background check, as specified.   
          (Penal Code  12021.3.)

           Existing law  defines "firearm" to include the frame or receiver  
          of the weapon for a number of provisions of law.  (Penal Code   
          12001(c).)

           Existing law  excludes from the definition of "firearm,"  
          for a number of provisions of law, an unloaded "antique  
          firearm" and uses the federal definition of that term.   
          (Penal Code  12001(e)(1).)

           Existing law  requires licensed firearms dealers to post  












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          specified warnings in a conspicuous place on their premises,  
          such as a warning about penalties for leaving a loaded firearm  
          where a child obtains it.  (Penal Code  12071(b)(7).)

           Existing law  pertaining to the "criminal storage" of firearms -  
          both handguns and rifles and shotguns - makes it a crime to  
          store firearms negligently and where a child (person under 18  
          years of age) gains access to the firearm(s), as specified.   
          (Penal Code  12035 and 12036.)

           Existing law  provides that an infraction is not punishable by  
          imprisonment; a person charged with an infraction shall not be  
          entitled to a jury trial and shall not be entitled to appointed  
          counsel, unless arrested and not released; if no other fine is  
          prescribed, infractions are punishable by a fine of up to $250.   
          (Penal Code  19.6 and 19.8.)

           Existing law  provides that every person is responsible, not only  
          for the result of his or her willful acts, but also for an  
          injury occasioned to another by his or her want of ordinary care  
          or skill in the management of his or her property or person,  
          except so far as the latter has, willfully or by want of  
          ordinary care, brought the injury upon himself or herself.  The  
          design, distribution, or marketing of firearms and ammunition is  
          not exempt from the duty to use ordinary care and skill that is  
          required by this section.  (Civil Code  1714.)

           Existing law  provides that civil liability for any injury to the  
          person or property of another proximately caused by the  
          discharge of a firearm by a minor under the age of 18 years  
          shall be imputed to a parent or guardian having custody and  
          control of the minor for all purposes of civil damages, and such  
          parent or guardian shall be jointly and severally liable with  
          such minor for any damages resulting from such act, if such  
          parent or guardian either permitted the minor to have the  
          firearm or left the firearm in a place accessible to the minor;  
          the liability imposed by this section is in addition to any  
          liability otherwise imposed by law.  However, no person, or  
          group of persons collectively, shall incur liability under this  
          section in any amount exceeding $30,000 for injury to or death  












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          of one person as a result of any one occurrence or, subject to  
          the limit as to one person, exceeding $60,000 for injury to or  
          death of all persons as a result of any one such occurrence.   
          (Civil Code  1714.3.)

           Existing law  provides for "statutes of limitations" which  
          require prosecution for crimes to be commenced with set time  
          periods.  While there are numerous exceptions/extensions, the  
          general rule pertaining to felonies is prosecution must commence  
          within three years after commission of the offense.  For crimes  
          not punishable by death or imprisonment in the state prison, the  
          time period is within one year after commission of the offense.   
          (Penal Code  801 and 802.)

           This bill  does the following:

           Requires that any person who acquires or reacquires  
            ownership of a handgun, or who reports his or her ownership  
            of a handgun to the Department of Justice on or after July  
            1, 2008, and thereafter the handgun is stolen or lost shall,  
            within five working days after his or her discovery or  
            knowledge of, or within five working days after the date he  
            or she should reasonably have known of, the theft or loss,  
            report the theft or loss to a local law enforcement agency  
            of the jurisdiction in which the loss or theft occurred, or  
            in which the person resides.

           Makes violations of that reporting requirement an infraction  
            punishable by a fine not to exceed $100 for a first  
            violation and by a fine not to exceed $250 for a second or  
            subsequent violation.

           Provides that any person who complies with the reporting  
            requirement shall be immune from any civil liability for the  
            illicit use or possession of the firearm occurring after the  
            theft or loss, unless the person had prior knowledge of the  
            misconduct or was negligent with respect to the theft or  
            loss of the firearm.

           Provides that no charge may be imposed for submitting a  












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            report pursuant to this section.

           Requires DOJ, on any form requiring or allowing a person to  
            report his or her ownership of a handgun, to state the  
            reporting requirements regarding lost or stolen guns.

           Requires DOJ to develop, on or before April 1, 2008, a  
            protocol for the implementation of these requirements which  
            shall include requirements that peace officers notify  
            victims of theft of the requirement that lost and stolen  
            handguns must be reported, as specified, and assist victims,  
            to the extent practicable, in identifying the make, model  
            and serial number of their handguns that are lost or stolen.


                RECEIVERSHIP/OVERCROWDING CRISIS AGGRAVATION ("ROCA")  
                                    IMPLICATIONS
          
          California currently faces an extraordinary and severe prison  
          and jail overcrowding crisis.  California's prison capacity is  
          nearly exhausted as prisons today are being operated with a  
          significant level of overcrowding.<1>  In addition, California's  
          jails likewise are significantly overcrowded.  Twenty California  
          counties are operating under jail population caps.  According to  
          the State Sheriffs' Association, "counties are currently  
          releasing 18,000 pre and post-sentenced inmates every month and  
          many counties are so overcrowded they do not accept misdemeanor  
          bookings in any form, . . . ."<2>  In January of this year the  
          Legislative Analyst's office summarized the trajectory of  
          California's inmate population over the last two decades:

              During the past 20 years, jail and prison  
              populations have increased significantly.  County  
              jail populations have increased by about 66  
              percent over that period, an amount that has been  
              limited by court-ordered population caps.  The  

              --------------------
          <1>  Analysis of the 2007-08 Budget Bill:  Judicial and Criminal  
          Justice, Legislative Analyst's Office (February 21, 2007).
          <2>  Memorandum from CSSA President Gary Penrod to Governor,  
          February 14, 2007.











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              prison population has grown even more dramatically  
              during that period, tripling since the  
              mid-1980s.<3>

          The level of overcrowding, and the impact of the population  
          crisis on the day-to-day prison operations, is staggering:

              As of December 31, 2006, the California Department  
              of Corrections and Rehabilitation (CDCR) was  
              estimated to have 173,100 inmates in the state  
              prison system, based on CDCR's fall 2006  
              population projections.  However, . . . the  
              department only operates or contracts for a total  
              of 156,500 permanent bed capacity (not including  
              out-of-state beds, . . . ), resulting in a  
              shortfall of about 16,600 prison beds relative to  
              the inmate population.  The most significant bed  
              shortfalls are for Level I, II, and IV inmates, as  
              well as at reception centers.  As a result of the  
              bed deficits, CDCR houses about 10 percent of the  
              inmate population in temporary beds, such as in  
              dayrooms and gyms.  In addition, many inmates are  
              housed in facilities designed for different  
              security levels.  For example, there are currently  
              about 6,000 high security (Level IV) inmates  
              housed in beds designed for Level III inmates.

              . . .  (S)ignificant overcrowding has both  
              operational and fiscal consequences.  Overcrowding  
              and the use of temporary beds create security  
              concerns, particularly for medium- and  
              high-security inmates.  Gyms and dayrooms are not  
              designed to provide security coverage as well as  
              in permanent housing units, and overcrowding can  
              contribute to inmate unrest, disturbances, and  
              assaults.  This can result in additional state  
              costs for medical treatment, workers'  
              compensation, and staff overtime.  In addition,  



              --------------------
          <3>  California's Criminal Justice System:  A Primer.   
          Legislative Analyst's Office (January 2007).











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              overcrowding can limit the ability of prisons to  
              provide rehabilitative, health care, and other  
              types of programs because prisons were not  
              designed with sufficient space to provide these  
              services to the increased population.  The  
              difficulty in providing inmate programs and  
              services is exacerbated by the use of program  
              space to house inmates.  Also, to the extent that  
              inmate unrest is caused by overcrowding,  
              rehabilitation programs and other services can be  
              disrupted by the resulting lockdowns.<4>

          As a result of numerous lawsuits, the state has entered into  
          several consent decrees agreeing to improve conditions in the  
          state's prisons.  As these cases have continued over the past  
          several years, prison conditions nonetheless have failed to  
          improve and, over the last year, the scrutiny of the federal  
          courts over California's prisons has intensified.

          In February of 2006, the federal court appointed a receiver to  
          take over the direct management and operation of the prison  
          medical health care delivery system from the state.   Motions  
          filed in December of 2006 are now pending before three federal  
          court judges in which plaintiffs are seeking a court-ordered  
          limit on the prison population pursuant to the federal Prison  
          Litigation Reform Act.  Medical, mental health and dental care  
          programs at CDCR each are "currently under varying levels of  
          federal court supervision based on court rulings that the state  
          has failed to provide inmates with adequate care as required  
          under the Eighth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.  The courts  
          found key deficiencies in the state's correctional programs,  
          including:  (1) an inadequate number of staff to deliver health  
          care services, (2) an inadequate amount of clinical space within  
          prisons, (3) failures to follow nationally recognized health  
          care guidelines for treating inmate-patients, and (4) poor  
          coordination between health care staff and custody staff."<5>

           This bill  does not appear to aggravate the prison and jail  



          -------------------------
          <4>  Analysis 2007-08 Budget Bill, supra, fn. 1.
          <5>  Primer, supra, fn. 4.











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          overcrowding crisis outlined above.



                                      COMMENTS

          1.  Need for This Bill  

          According to the author:

            This bill seeks to limit the ability of straw purchasers to  
            supply guns to criminals who cannot legally own firearms.  

            Often, criminals who are not eligible to own a gun, contact a  
            "straw purchaser" who can legally purchase a firearm.  This  
            straw purchaser buys a gun, and then sells the gun on the  
            black market to the person who cannot legally own a gun.  When  
            the new owner commits a crime with the black market gun it is  
            often traced back to the straw purchaser.  The straw purchaser  
            can then claim he lost the gun prior to the crime, leaving law  
            enforcement unable to prosecute.  

            This bill would require a gun owner to report a lost or stolen  
            hand gun.  If the loss is not reported within five days, the  
            registered owner of the firearm can be fined.  This should  
            significantly curb the ability of criminals to acquire  
            firearms through straw purchasers.

          2.  Does the Bill Violate the Fifth Amendment?
           
          The Assembly Public Safety Committee analysis of AB 131 (1997)  
          (a bill substantially similar to this bill), discussed the issue  
          of whether all handgun owners will be able to provide the make,  
          model, or serial number if, for example, the handgun is not  
                                                               registered with the DOJ because it was lawfully possessed before  
          the existing transfer laws were enacted.

          AB 334 addresses the issue of the owner's ability (or inability)  
          to report a serial number, make and model by specifying that  
          such details are not required to comply with the reporting  












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          requirement.

          The analysis of AB 131 also discussed the potential that  
          requiring a person to report loss or theft of a handgun could  
          expose that person to civil and criminal liability, and might  
          therefore violate the Fifth Amendment right against  
          self-incrimination.  The analysis mentioned a number of court  
          decisions pertaining to statutes which require individuals to  
          provide information about activities when doing so could result  
          in criminal prosecution of the person reporting the information.  
           This bill could give rise to this situation where a person  
          would be required to report the loss or theft of a firearm that  
          the person obtained illegally.  

          In Marchetti v. United States (1968) 390 U.S. 39, the United  
          States Supreme Court granted an individual who was charged with  
          failing to comply with a gambling registration tax statute a  
          defense from prosecution based on the Fifth Amendment.  In  
          Marchetti, however, the gambling statute was written in such a  
          manner so that the  only  persons required to comply with the  
          statute were those engaged in illegal gambling activities.  As  
          such, the statute was designed to ferret out and cause the  
          prosecution of illegal gambling through an ostensible tax  
          scheme.  The statute did not contain any use immunity  
          provisions.

          This bill, by contrast, would require "[a]ny person who acquires  
          or reacquires ownership of a handgun, or who reports his or her  
          ownership of a handgun to the Department of Justice on or after  
          July 1, 2008," whose handgun is lost or stolen after that date  
          to make a report.  Both those in lawful possession of the  
          handgun, and those not in lawful possession would be required to  
          make the report or be subject to an infraction.  The requirement  
          also does not differentiate between circumstances of the theft  
          or loss, whether the weapon was stolen while carried illegally,  
          for example, versus whether the weapon was lawfully stored at  
          the person's residence.  Therefore, because the statute does not  
          appear to be designed to identify persons who are in illegal  
          possession of a handgun before it was lost or stolen, there  
          would not appear to be any Fifth Amendment defense to failure to  












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          comply.

          SHOULD REPORTING STOLEN OR LOST HANDGUNS AS PROPOSED BY THIS  
          BILL BE REQUIRED?

          3.  California Registration Requirements   

          Handgun owners are not required to possess licenses for firearms  
          under current California law.  Penal Code Section 12026(b)  
          provides that "[no] permit or license to purchase, own, possess,  
          keep, or carry either openly or concealed shall be required of  
          any citizen of the United States or legal resident over the age  
          of 18 years who resides or is temporarily within this state."   
          However, after April 1, 1994, any person seeking to purchase or  
          receive from some other type of transfer a firearm was required  
          to obtain a basic firearms safety certificate after taking a  
          two- to four-hour course of instruction.  

          While no license is required, for many years, California has  
          been a handgun registration state at point of transfer.  (Penal  
          Code Sections 11106(c) and 12072(c) and (d).)  This means that  
          any person who buys a handgun in California must do so through a  
          licensed gun dealer and must complete a "Dealer's Record of  
          Sale" form, which contains specific information about the  
          firearm and the purchaser and is maintained by the state  
          Department of Justice.  (Penal Code section 11106(c).)  Since  
          1998, persons who move to California with handguns are required  
          to register those handguns with DOJ.  (Penal Code Section  
          12072(f) (2).)  Further, any person who wishes to register his  
          or her handgun may do so pursuant to Penal Code Section  
          12078(l).  However, a person is not required to register a gun  
          in order to maintain legal possession if he or she acquired the  
          firearm before these laws were enacted as those provisions were  
          not retroactive.  As a result, there is a group of persons who  
          legally possess handguns not currently registered.  If that  
          person's handgun is lost or stolen, the person may not be able  
          to provide law enforcement officials with a serial number for  
          the handgun.  A lost or stolen handgun report without the  
          specific serial number may not be very useful in tracking a  
          handgun that may later be used in a crime. 












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         4.Governor's Veto of SB 59 (2006)
          
          SB 59 of 2006 was substantially similar to this bill and was  
          vetoed by the Governor.  The Governor's veto message stated:

               While I share the Legislatures concern about the  
               criminal use of lost or stolen weapons, the ambiguous  
               manner in which this bill was written would make  
               compliance with the law confusing for legitimate  
               gun-owners and could result in cases where law-abiding  
               citizens face criminal penalties simply because they  
               were the victim of a crime, which is particularly  
               troubling given the unproven results of other  
               jurisdictions in California that have passed similar  
               measures.

               In addition, this bill may have undesirable legal  
               consequences as it allows local governments to pass  
               ordinances that differ from State law, thereby leaving  
               law-abiding citizens with the task of navigating  
               through a maze of different or conflicting local laws  
               depending upon the jurisdiction they are in.  A  
               patchwork of inconsistent local ordinances creates  
               compliance and enforcement problems that erode the  
               States ability to effectively regulate handguns  
               statewide.

          5.  Statements in Support  

          The City of Los Angeles states:

               According to the California Attorney General's office,  
               "the vast majority of new guns enter the market  
               legally," however, there is a large illegal gun  
               trafficking market.  People who can purchase guns  
               legally do so and then sell them to people who are not  
               allowed to purchase firearms, which is one way that  
               these firearms end up in the hands of criminals.   












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               These traffickers then claim that the gun was stolen.   
               Unfortunately, prosecution of these traffickers is not  
               possible because existing law does not require the  
               reporting of lost and stolen firearms.  Requiring a  
               gun owner to promptly report lost or stolen firearms  
               to law enforcement will minimize a barrier to the  
               effective prosecution of firearms traffickers.

          The Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department states:

               In 2006, Deputies working at the Compton Station in  
               the City of Compton seized 875 weapons, which is about  
               ten percent of all weapons seized countywide for that  
               year.  Several of the weapons were traced to murders.   
               Some of the weapons were traced to burglaries or  
               thefts that occurred in Los Angeles County.  Of these  
               guns that were recovered, only a few dozen were  
               reported stolen, and the overwhelming majority of the  
               other weapons were not found in the hands of the  
               registered owners.

               We also discovered that approximately sixteen of the  
               guns recovered were traced to a store in Sparks,  
               Nevada.  This particular store was responsible for  
               more than 350 guns recovered nationally by law  
               enforcement last year, including sixty-five from Los  
               Angeles.





























               As our investigation continued, we found out that  
               people who are referred to as "straw buyers" would  
               purchase guns legally from a store like the one in  
               Sparks, Nevada.  These "straw buyers" would then sell  
               or give these guns to people who cannot legally  
               purchase these deadly weapons, such as gang members,  
               other criminals, or minors.  When the recovered  
               weapons were traced back to these "straw buyers," they  
               would simply say the firearm had been lost or stolen  
               and not reported to law enforcement.  Since there was  
               no control over reporting a lost or stolen firearm,  
               these nefarious individuals used this gap to shield  
               their criminal business.

               We have only recovered a fraction of the deadly  
               weapons that have flooded onto our streets from this  
               dubious method.  These guns have been used to  
               threaten, maim, and kill.  We must close this gap.

          6.  Statements in Opposition  

          The California Rifle and Pistol Association states: 

               This bill would impose upon the victim of a theft or a  
               loss of a handgun substantial fines for not reporting  
               the theft or loss within five working days of its  
               occurrence or within five working days of when the  
               person 'should reasonably have known' of it.  

               AB 334 would punish the innocent victim and mandate a  
               'should reasonably have known' standard without  
               providing any indication of what the term means  
               relative to the requirements of this bill.  Firearms  
               are not normally used every day like many other  
               consumer items and they are stored in out of sight  
               locations where their disappearance might not become  
               known for a long time.  This bill is deficient by not  
               providing some sort of guidelines relative to what  
               'should reasonably have known' means the purpose of  




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                                                            AB 334 (Levine)
                                                                      PageQ

               determining when a violation of this standard has  
               taken place.  

                                   * * * * * * * *

               AB 334 would make California's already confusing and  
               difficult to understand firearms laws even more  
               difficult for lawful individuals and law enforcement  
               to comprehend.



          The Gun Owners of California, Inc., states:

               This bill makes failure to report a stolen or  
               irretrievably lost firearm a crime.  This bill also  
               applies the same standards to parts of a firearm,  
               frames and receivers specifically.  Who can determine  
               what is "irretrievably lost?"  

               This bill requires reporting within five days of the  
               time one should have reasonably known of the firearm  
               theft or loss.  "Reasonably known" cannot be defined,  
               is ambiguous and unclear.  Theft itself speaks to  
               secretive, clandestine, unknown, silent and unseen.  

                                   * * * * * * * *

               This bill makes the victim the criminal.  This bill  
               increases the already cumbersome and burdensome Penal  
               Code with questionable language.  



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