BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 400
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          Date of Hearing:   April 18, 2007

                           ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION
                                 Gene Mullin, Chair
                     AB 400 (Nunez) - As Amended:  April 12, 2007
           
          SUBJECT  :   Public school accountability

           SUMMARY  :   Requires the Superintendent of Public Instruction to  
          incorporate previously specified and additional measures of  
          performance into the Academic Performance Index (API), using the  
          best available data and commencing with the 2008-09 fiscal year.  
           Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)Makes the current requirement that the Superintendent add high  
            school graduation rates time certain, such that these measures  
            must be added by the 2008-09 fiscal year.

          2)Deletes the requirement that attendance rates be incorporated  
            into the API.

          3)Requires the Superintendent to incorporate the rate at which  
            pupils are offered and complete a course of study that  
            fulfills University of California and California State  
            University admission requirements into the API by the 2008-09  
            fiscal year.

          4)Requires the Superintendent to incorporate the rate at which  
            pupils are offered and complete a course of study that  
            provides the skills and knowledge necessary to attain  
            entry-level employment upon graduation from high school into  
            the API by the 2008-09 fiscal year; this bill also defines a  
            measure of this rate.

          5)Specifies the weighting of components of the API to be 50  
            percent on achievement tests and 50 percent on the elements  
            listed in 1), 3) and 4) above. Elements 3) and 4) above, shall  
            receive equal weight, and the rate at which pupils meet both  
            3) and 4) shall be given additional weight.

           EXISTING LAW  requires the Superintendent to develop the API to  
          measure the performance of schools, and to include a variety of  
          indicators in that measure, including, but not limited to,  
          achievement test results, attendance rates, and graduation  
          rates; this statute was enacted in 1999.  Existing law also  








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          requires school districts to offer to all otherwise qualified  
          pupils in grades 7-12 a course of study fulfilling the  
          requirements and prerequisites for admission to California's  
          public institutions of postsecondary education, and to offer to  
          those same pupils a course of study that provides an opportunity  
          to attain entry-level employment skills in business or industry  
          upon graduation from high school.  

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   Unknown

           COMMENTS  :   Only achievement test results are currently  
          incorporated into the API.

          Arguments in support would suggest that having an API that  
          focuses solely on achievement test results is too narrow and  
          does not reflect information about student outcomes (e.g.,  
          dropout and graduation rates, college readiness, preparation for  
          the workplace) that is important in measuring the performance of  
          districts, schools and subgroups. Perversely, increases in  
          dropouts could easily lead to an increase in test scores and the  
          API for a given school or district, yet this may not be  
          reflective of an increase in performance within that school or  
          district.

          Opponents argue that including data on dropouts and availability  
          of course offerings that fulfill admission requirements to  
          California's public universities will skew the emphasis of the  
          API toward high schools, resulting in the focusing of more  
          resources at that level to the detriment of elementary and  
          middle schools. Since the legislature can target the use of  
          resources by grade span as well as by API ranking, this effect,  
          to the extent that it does exist, could be easily moderated.

          Though inclusion of graduation rates in the API is current law,  
          opponents argue that data on graduation rates are not well  
          grounded and that it is unclear how the state would collect data  
          on courses of study fulfilling university admission requirements  
          or preparing students for the workplace. In fact, this bill only  
          makes the currently required inclusion of graduation rates time  
          certain; also information on student course-taking that fulfills  
          university admission requirements is already measured and  
          reported annually on every School Accountability Report Card  
          (SARC). In addition, the bill provides detailed direction on the  
          measurement of the extent to which schools offer a course of  
          study that provides the skills and knowledge necessary to attain  








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          entry-level employment.

          With the exception of attendance rates the data elements  
          currently included in the API, as well as those proposed by this  
          bill, focus on student, school and district outcomes. Deletion  
          of attendance rates, as proposed, would eliminate this  
          exception.

           Related legislation  :  AB 519 (Mendoza) requires the  
          incorporation into the API of data regarding the availability in  
          high schools of a course of study that fulfills University of  
          California and California State University admission  
          requirements, and the submission of a plan for incorporating  
          dropout data into the API.

           Previous legislation:   AB 2167 (Arambula), Chapter 743, Statutes  
          of 2006, establishes a specific methodology for including  
          graduation rates, as previously required, in the API; also  
          requires the Superintendent of Public Instruction (SPI) to  
          report annually to the Legislature on graduation and dropout  
          rates in the state.

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          California Alliance for Arts Education
          California Business Education Association
          California Manufacturers and Technology Association

           Opposition 
           
          California Federation of Teachers
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Gerald Shelton / ED. / (916) 319-2087