BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                       



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          |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE            |                  AB 1565|
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                                 THIRD READING


          Bill No:  AB 1565
          Author:   Lieber (D)
          Amended:  1/10/08 in Assembly
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE BANKING, FINANCE, AND INS. COMMITTEE  :  7-4, 6/18/08
          AYES:  Machado, Correa, Florez, Kehoe, Lowenthal, Scott,  
            Wiggins
          NOES:  Runner, Cox, Hollingsworth, Margett
           
          ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  44-30, 1/24/08 - See last page for vote


           SUBJECT  :    Insurance policies:  nonprofit organizations

           SOURCE  :     Author


           DIGEST  :    This bill provides that a property insurance  
          policy covering a place of religious observance or practice  
          cannot be cancelled or nonrenewed, nor can the premium be  
          increased, based on a claim occurring as a result of any  
          crime committed against the insured property.  This bill  
          defines "place of religious observance or practice,"  
          defines "religious" as it relates to a crime against a  
          place of religious observance or practice, and redefines  
          the existing Insurance Code definition of hate crimes for  
          property insurance purposes.

           ANALYSIS  :    

          Existing law:
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          1. Prohibits a property insurer that issues policies to  
             certain nonprofit organizations, including religious  
             organizations, from canceling or refusing to renew a  
             policy, or from imposing an excessive or discriminatory  
             premium, based solely on a claim or claims against the  
             policy within the previous five years involving a hate  
             crime or an anti-reproductive rights crime committed  
             against the insured (Section 676.10 of the Insurance  
             Code).

          2. Contains a definition of "hate crime" for insurance  
             purposes that is inconsistent with the current  
             definition in the Penal Code that is regularly used by  
             law enforcement based on more recently enacted hate  
             crimes laws (Section 676.10 of the Insurance Code and  
             Section 422.55 of the Penal Code).

          3. Provides that a law enforcement agency must determine  
             that the crime was a hate crime or an anti-reproductive  
             rights crime (Section 676.10 of the Insurance Code).

          4. Requires that peace officers be trained to recognize  
             crimes that meet the Penal Code definition and to report  
             those hate crimes to the Department of Justice.  There  
             is no similar training or reporting requirement for  
             crimes that meet the Insurance Code definition (Sections  
             13519.6 and 13023 of the Penal Code).
           
          This bill:

          1. Adds to current protection for claims filed as a result  
             of a hate crime to include claims filed as a result of  
             any crime occurring at a place of religious observance  
             or practice.  

          2. Provides that a property insurance policy covering a  
             place of religious observance or practice cannot be  
             cancelled or nonrenewed, nor can the premium be  
             excessive or unfairly discriminatory, based on a claim  
             or claims filed in the previous five years that involved  
             any crime, as opposed to limiting the protection to  
             claims filed as a result of hate crime as is provided in  
             current law.







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          3. Defines "place of religious observance or practice" as:

             A.    A church, gurdwara, mandir, mosque, synagogue,  
                temple, or other place of religious observance or  
                practice.

             B.    Or, a place primarily used as a place of religious  
                observance or practice, where religious observance or  
                practice is regularly held.

          4. Defines "religious" by reference to existing provisions  
             of the Penal Code relating to crimes against religious  
             property or persons for religious reasons.

          5. Redefines the existing Insurance Code definition of hate  
             crimes for property insurance purposes by reference to  
             the more recently enacted and commonly used Penal Code  
             definition.

           Background  

          According to the author's office, "Arsons and other major  
          attacks on churches and other houses of worship are an  
          appalling fact of life throughout the United States,  
          including in California.  Media attention peaked in the  
          years after 1995, when more than 400 churches across the  
          country burned.  These fires have declined somewhat since  
          then, but they continue at a reported rate of 15 to 20 per  
          month.  Christian churches of all sorts -- black,  
          gay-friendly, conservative, progressive, Catholic,  
          Orthodox, mainline Protestant -- are the principal victims.  
           Jewish synagogues and Unitarian churches also have always  
          been targets.  And since 9/11, attacks on Islamic mosques  
          and Sikh gurdwaras have become more common."
           
          According to the National Coalition for Burned Churches,  
          insurance policy cancellations and large rate increases  
          continue to be a major problem for some victims.  Current  
          California law protects religious associations and other  
          nonprofits from these cancellation and increases, but only  
          if police classify the attacks as hate crimes, which  
          requires proof of biased intent.  According to the author's  
          office, "There is little doubt that most of these attacks  







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          are motivated at least in part by hate or other bias, but  
          police do not classify any particular attack as a hate  
          crime without evidence specific to that attack.  This  
          leaves the places of worship without legal protection from  
          policy cancellations or discriminatory or excessive rate  
          increases."  

          Law enforcement officers commonly work with the Penal Code  
          definition of "hate crime" and are familiar with how to  
          determine whether a particular crime meets that definition.  
           The author's office asserts that law enforcement is less  
          familiar with the Insurance Code definition of "hate  
          crime." 

          For purpose of uniformity, this bill will refer to the more  
          commonly used definition in the Penal Code.  However, this  
          bill will extend the protections for religious institutions  
          to include claims filed as a result any crime.  All other  
          nonprofits will continue to be protected with regard to  
          their property insurance in the event they file a claim as  
          the result of a hate crime.  

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  No    
          Local:  No

          SUPPORT  :   (Verified  6/24/08)

          Anti-Defamation League
          California Church IMPACT 
          California State Employees Association


           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    The Anti-Defamation League (ADL)  
          supports this bill because current law protects targeted  
          places of worship from insurance cancellations and  
          excessive and discriminatory rate increases, but only if  
          law enforcement agencies officially determine that the  
          attacks are hate crimes.  To further complicate matters,  
          the Insurance Code has a definition of hate crime that is  
          inconsistent with the Penal Code.  The ADL states that it  
          seems reasonable to assume that any arson attack on a house  
          of worship is likely motivated by hate and bigotry, even if  
          the burden of proof to meet the definition of hate crimes  
          cannot be met.  By replacing the definition of hate crime  







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          in the Insurance Code with the version used in the Penal  
          Code, this bill ensures consistency and maximizes the  
          likelihood of these crimes being identified as hate crimes.  
           

          California Church IMPACT supports this bill and states in a  
          letter to the author's office, "Current California law  
          protects places of worship that are targets from excessive  
          and discriminatory insurance rate increases, but only if  
          law enforcement agencies officially determine that the  
          attacks are hate crimes."  They also state that the  
          reliance on law enforcement to determine that a crime is a  
          hate crime, as defined by law, leaves most targeted places  
          of worship without legal protections against the rate  
          increases that current law was intended to prevent.   

          The California State Employees Association states that its  
          members consider this bill to be important legislation and  
          that they support bill. 


           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :
          AYES:  Arambula, Bass, Beall, Berg, Blakeslee, Brownley,  
            Caballero, Charles Calderon, Carter, Coto, Davis, De La  
            Torre, De Leon, DeSaulnier, Dymally, Eng, Evans, Feuer,  
            Fuentes, Galgiani, Hancock, Hernandez, Huffman, Jones,  
            Krekorian, Laird, Leno, Levine, Lieber, Lieu, Ma,  
            Mendoza, Mullin, Nava, Parra, Portantino, Ruskin, Salas,  
            Saldana, Solorio, Swanson, Torrico, Wolk, Nunez
          NOES:  Adams, Aghazarian, Anderson, Benoit, Berryhill,  
            Cook, DeVore, Duvall, Emmerson, Fuller, Gaines, Garcia,  
            Garrick, Houston, Huff, Jeffries, Keene, La Malfa, Maze,  
            Nakanishi, Niello, Plescia, Sharon Runner, Silva, Smyth,  
            Spitzer, Strickland, Tran, Villines, Walters
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Hayashi, Horton, Karnette, Price, Soto,  
            Vacancy


          GFC:mw  6/24/08   Senate Floor Analyses 

                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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