BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 2270
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          CONCURRENCE IN SENATE AMENDMENTS
          AB 2270 (Laird)
          As Amended August 4, 2008
          Majority vote
           
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          |ASSEMBLY:  |51-19|(May 29, 2008)  |SENATE: |27-12|(August 7,     |
          |           |     |                |        |     |2008)          |
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           Original Committee Reference:    W.,P., & W.  

           SUMMARY  :  Requires additional reporting on recycled water use  
          and allows local agencies discretion to control salinity inputs  
          (including water softeners) if the appropriate Regional Water  
          Quality Control Board (RWQCB) makes a finding that controlling  
          salinity inputs will contribute to the achievement of a water  
          quality objective.  

           The Senate amendments clarify the process for allowing local  
          agency control of salinity inputs and reporting of recycled  
          water use by local agencies.  Specifically, the amendments:

          1)Limit the authority to allow local agencies to control  
            salinity input to the RWQCBs, thereby eliminating such  
            authority for State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB).

          2)Authorize the local agency to determine the "reasonable value"  
            of a water softener that is required to be removed.

          3)Require the finding by the SWRCB that allows a local agency to  
            have discretion on controlling salinity inputs to be based on  
            evidence in the record.

          4)Require submission of certain recycled water use information  
            to the SWRCB, including authorization for SWRCB to require  
            electronic submission of such information.

           EXISTING LAW  authorizes use of recycled water under certain  
          conditions and imposes conditions on local agency limitations on  
          use of water softeners.

           AS PASSED BY THE ASSEMBLY  , this bill was similar to the version  
          passed by the Senate.









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           FISCAL EFFECT  :  Senate Appropriations Committee estimates  
          Department of Water Resources (DWR) costs of $200,000 every five  
          years starting in 2009-10 to include and update more recycled  
          water information in the California Water Plan.  Appropriations  
          from Proposition 84 bond proceeds may pay these costs.

           COMMENTS  :  The Water Recycling Act of 1991 set a 2010 target for  
          California to use one million acre-feet of recycled water.   
          While there is no definitive calculation of the amount of  
          recycled water use, recent estimates suggest 600-700,000  
          acre-feet of current recycled water use.  The most recent  
          California Water Plan estimates future recycled water use at  
          between 900,000 and 1.4 million acre-feet, in 2030.  This likely  
          failure to meet the 2010 target has been attributed to several  
          factors, including inconsistent RWQCB regulation.  

          In response to concerns about the state's progress on recycled  
          water, the State Water Resources Control Board has developed a  
          statewide policy, in order to encourage greater use of recycled  
          water.  SWRCB has deferred adopting that policy while a  
          stakeholder group considers amendments. The SWRCB's proposed  
          policy includes a requirement that the RWQCBs (except Santa Ana,  
          which already has a salt management plan) adopt salt management  
          plans, as increased salt loads in the source water makes  
          recycling more difficult.  Urban salinity discharges to the  
          state's rivers and streams also have received increased  
          attention in recent years, particularly in the burgeoning San  
          Joaquin Valley.  The Central Valley RWQCB has reduced allowable  
          salt discharges.

          The authorization of local regulation of salinity inputs,  
          particularly water softeners, is the controversial part of this  
          bill.  Unlike existing law that limits local agency discretion  
          to regulate or otherwise control salinity inputs into local  
          sewer systems, this bill would give local agency discretion -  
          after its RWQCB determines there is a local problem - to tailor  
          local controls on the particular problem its community suffers  
          from salinity inputs, including water softeners.

          The water softener industry opposes this bill, suggesting that  
          it is "outlawing an industry and denying citizens the right to  
          improve the quality of their water."  These opponents do not  
          explain that there are alternatives to the self-regenerating  
          water softeners that discharge significant amount of salts into  
          public waste water.  No one has a "right" to discharge  








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          pollutants into the public.  This bill allows local regulation  
          of salinity inputs where the community has a problem with  
          salinity discharges or recycling, but does not outlaw the water  
          softener industry.  By allowing each agency to make the  
          determination how to regulate salinity inputs, this bill allows  
          tailored responses to specific problems facing each community,  
          which may differ.

           Senate amendments  :  The Senate amendments clarify the process  
          for making determinations related to water softeners and  
          salinity inputs.  They specify that the appropriate regional  
          board must make the initial determination as to the need for  
          salinity control and based on "evidence in the record."    The  
          local agency determines the "reasonable value" of a water  
          softener if it decides that water softeners must be removed.   
          The evidentiary amendment imposes a decision standard that  
          requires actual evidence to show a problem with salinity and the  
          likelihood that salinity controls will help meet a water quality  
          objective.  Such a finding will require an evidentiary hearing,  
          but the board may use existing rules of evidence.

           Payments for softener removal  :  If a local agency chooses to  
          require actual removal of a water softener (as contrasted with  
          prohibition on its use), then the agency must determine and pay  
          the reasonable value of that softener.  This bill's requirement  
          of compensation for removal of water softeners is not  
          necessarily required by the United States Constitution's Fifth  
          Amendment requiring just compensation for government taking of  
          private property.  The compensation requirement in this bill  
          would be a policy decision of the Legislature that payment  
          should be made to those who discharge salt to the sewer system,  
          regardless of whether they have a right to such compensation.   
          This provision contradicts the more common policy of "polluter  
          pays," in which the polluter or discharger pays to reduce and/or  
          clean up the discharge and is not paid with public funds to stop  
          pollution or discharges.  


           Analysis Prepared by  :    Alf W. Brandt / W., P. & W. / (916)  
          319-2096                                                


                                                                  FN:  
                                                                 0006478 









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