BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                       



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          |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE            |                   SB 433|
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                                    CONSENT


          Bill No:  SB 433
          Author:   Harman (R)
          Amended:  4/10/07
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE JUDICIARY COMMITTEE  :  5-0, 3/27/07
          AYES:  Corbett, Harman, Ackerman, Kuehl, Steinberg


           SUBJECT  :    Homestead exemptions

           SOURCE  :     Conference of Delegates of California Bar  
          Associations


           DIGEST  :    This bill extends the automatic homestead  
          exemption to cases where the judgment debtors separated or  
          former spouse, but not the debtor himself or herself,  
          resides in the homestead, until the entry of judgment or  
          legally enforceable agreement dividing the community  
          property.

           ANALYSIS  :    Existing law requires the Legislature to  
          protect, by law, a certain portion of the homestead and  
          other property, from forced sale.

          Existing law contains both an automatic and a declared  
          homestead exemption that serve to protect a portion of  
          equity in a debtor's home from creditors.

          Existing law states that the automatic homestead exemption  
          applies to the principal dwelling in which the judgment  
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          debtor, or spouse, continuously resided from the date of  
          attachment of the judgment creditor's lien until a court  
          determination that the dwelling is a homestead.  

          Existing law protects dwellings that qualify under the  
          automatic homestead exemption by:

          1.Exempting them from a court ordered sale, provided that  
            criteria relating to the amount received are not met.

          2.Exempting proceeds of a forced lien sale, or the value  
            received from damage, destruction, or acquisition for  
            public use, in the amount of the homestead exemption.

          Existing law provides that if the judgment debtor and their  
          spouse reside in separate homesteads, only one of the  
          homesteads is exempt.  Existing law states that "spouse"  
          does not include a married person upon an entry of judgment  
          of legal separation, unless those persons reside in the  
          same dwelling.

          This bill entitles a judgment debtor, not currently  
          residing in the homestead, to an automatic homestead  
          exemption if their separated or former spouse continues to  
          reside and exercise control over possession of the  
          homestead.  This bill ends that entitlement upon the entry  
          of judgment or other legally enforceable agreement dividing  
          the community property between the judgment debtor and the  
          separated or former spouse, or as specified by court order.

          This bill specifies that nothing in this bill shall entitle  
          the judgment debtor to more than one exempt homestead.   
          Notwithstanding subdivision (d) of Section 704.710, for  
          purposes of this article, "spouse" may include a separated  
          or former spouse consistent with this subdivision.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  No    
          Local:  No

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  4/10/07)

          Conference of Delegates of California Bar Associations  
          (source)








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           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    According to the author's office,  
          when spouses decide to either separate, or to seek a  
          divorce, one spouse often moves out, while the other  
          continues to reside in the family residence.  Pursuant to  
          Section 704.710 of the Code of Civil Procedure, the  
          automatic homestead exemption only applies when the  
          judgment debtor, or spouse, has continuously resided in the  
          dwelling from the time of attachment of the creditor's lien  
          to the court determination that the dwelling is a  
          homestead.  The author maintains that:

            . . . the "out-spouse" loses his or her entitlement to  
            an exemption     . . . upon entry of a judgment of  
            legal separation because they are no longer physically  
            living in the dwelling.  In many cases, the division of  
            community property does not occur until well after  
            entry of a judgment decreeing legal separation or  
            dissolution of the marriage.  It is unfair to the  
            spouse that is not residing in the property to have  
            their homestead rights terminated even though they  
            continue to have a community property ownership  
            interest in the dwelling.  This result is particularly  
            unfair where the judgment debtor has vacated the  
            property in order to avoid physical abuse.

          The Conference of Delegates of California Bar Association  
          writes, "In most cases where spouses separate or are in  
          the process of obtaining a divorce, one spouse vacates  
          the family residence and the other spouse continues to  
          occupy the property.  Under subsection (d) of this  
          statute, however, the 'out-spouse' loses his or her  
          entitlement to an exemption under this Article upon entry  
          of a judgment of legal separation because they are no  
          longer physically living in the dwelling.  In many cases,  
          the division of community property does not occur until  
          well after entry of the judgment decreeing legal  
          separation or dissolution of the marriage.  It is unfair  
          to the spouse that is not residing in the property to  
          have their homestead rights terminated even though they  
          continue to have a community property ownership interest  
          in the dwelling.  This result is particularly unfair  
          where the judgment debtor has vacated the property in  
          order to avoid physical abuse."








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          RJG:cm  4/10/07   Senate Floor Analyses 

                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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