BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  SB 890
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:   July 3, 2007

                       ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON HIGHER EDUCATION
                              Anthony Portantino, Chair
                     SB 890 (Scott) - As Amended:  June 27, 2007

           SENATE VOTE  :   32-3
           
          SUBJECT  :   Pupils: Early Commitment to College Program

           SUMMARY  :   Establishes the Early Commitment to College Program  
          (ECCP), administered by the Superintendent of Public Instruction  
          (SPI), under which school districts that choose to participate  
          would motivate and assist their pupils, as specified.    
          Specifically,  this bill  :   

          1)Establishes the program goals to include:

             a)   Increasing high school completion and direct  
               college-going rates for pupils attending schools with high  
               poverty rates;

             b)   Motivating pupils to take college preparatory  
               coursework;

             c)   Helping families understand that college is attainable;  
               and

             d)   Preparing the highly skilled workforce needed in  
               California.

          2)Defines "College Opportunity Zones" (COZs) as the 30 percent  
            of middle schools and high schools with the highest proportion  
            of low-income pupils and defines "low-income student" as a  
            pupil who is eligible for free or reduced-price meals.

          3)Specifies that participation by school districts is voluntary,  
            however, school districts that participate would be encouraged  
            to do so on a districtwide basis and would be required to:

             a)   Provide schoolwide college information to pupils,  
               including those who sign specified "Save Me a Spot in  
               College" pledges;  

             b)   Offer all grade 6 - 9 pupils the opportunity to sign the  








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               specified pledges if the participating school district has  
               been identified as a COZ;

             c)   Offer grade 6 - 9 pupils who qualify for free or  
               reduced-price meals but whose schools are not identified as  
               a COZ the opportunity to sign the specified pledges;

             d)   Record specified pupil participation data and provide  
               reports to the SPI; and

             e)   Provide information and services through middle school  
               and high school years, through existing programs, to pupils  
               who sign the pledges.

          4)Requires the SPI to:

             a)   Identify 30 percent of the school districts that operate  
               middle and high schools with the highest proportion of  
               pupils eligible for free or reduced-price meals as COZs;

             b)   Develop the "Save Me a Spot in College" pledges and  
               other program materials, as specified;

             c)   Consult with the University of California (UC), the  
               California State University (CSU), California Community  
               Colleges (CCC), the California Student Aid Commission  
               (CSAC), and the independent colleges and universities;

             d)   Determine the form of recognition participating pupils  
               will receive upon fulfillment of the requirements of the  
               pledge;

             e)   Collect data, as specified;

             f)   Develop a letter to be posted on the SPI Web site and  
               addressed to pupils enrolled in grades 6 - 9 and signed by  
               the Governor and the SPI that describes the major steps to  
               prepare for college, including career technical education,  
               and the major financial aid opportunities available to  
               students in California, which school districts are  
               encouraged to distribute through existing means to pupils;

             g)   Develop a second letter to be posted on the SPI Web site  
               that details the ECC program and is directed to pupils  
               eligible to sign the pledge, which school districts are  








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               encouraged to distribute through existing means to pupils,  
               as appropriate; and

             h)   Determine a mechanism by which pupils can be assured a  
               two-year CCC Board of Governor's fee waiver.

          5)Specifies that pupils signing a "Save Me a Spot in College"  
            pledge commit to meet all high school graduation requirements,  
            seek proficiency in math and English, enroll in college  
            preparatory coursework, and complete an application for  
            financial aid during their senior year and meet application  
            and other requirements for postsecondary enrollment in the  
            academic year after high school, as specified.

          6)Provides a guaranteed pre-approval for a two-year CCC fee  
            waiver for students who sign the pledge and complete all  
            requirements.

          7)Encourages UC, CSU, the CCCs, the independent colleges, the  
            California Student Opportunity and Access Program, the CSAC  
            and other businesses and organizations to provide support  
            services, as needed.

          8)Allows any private or independent school that participates in  
            federal free or reduced-price lunch programs to participate in  
            the ECCP.

          9)Requires the SPI to recommend to the Legislature by November  
            1, 2016, on whether the program should be continued.

          10)Sunsets the program as of January 1, 2018, unless a later  
            statute becomes operative before that date.

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Requires schools to provide pupils in grades 7 - 12 a course  
            of study fulfilling the requirements and prerequisites for  
            admission to a California public institutions of postsecondary  
            education and provide a timely opportunity for those pupils to  
            enroll within a four-year period in each course necessary to  
            fulfill those requirements and prerequisites.

          2)Authorizes a school district to apply to establish a  
            University and College Opportunities Program with existing  
            local or categorical funds and requires these programs provide  








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            specified assistance to students interested in attending a  
            college or university.

          3)Establishes the California Student Opportunity and Access  
            Program to improve the flow of information about postsecondary  
            education and financial aid while raising the achievement  
            levels of low-income, elementary and secondary school student  
            or geographic regions with documented low-eligibility or  
            college participation rates and who are first in their  
            families to attend college.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   The Senate Appropriations Committee estimates a  
          cost of $200,000 to $500,000 to the SPI.  This measure does not  
          provide funding to school districts should they choose to  
          participate in the program.  However, the author believes the  
          June 4th and June 27th amendments reduce the SPI's costs to  
          approximately $125,000.

           COMMENTS  :    Background  : The sponsor of this bill, the Campaign  
          for College Opportunity (CCO), is a nonprofit organization  
          devoted to ensuring that the next generation of college-age  
          students in California has the chance to go to college as  
          promised by the state 1960 Master Plan for Higher Education.   
          The co-founders of the CCO are the California Business  
          Roundtable, the Mexican American Legal Defense and Educational  
          Fund, and the Community College League of California.  In  
          November 2005, the CCO released the results of a study analyzing  
          the return on investment for higher education.  Key findings  
          reported included that:

          1)Every dollar invested to get students in and through college  
            results in a net return of three dollars.

          2)Gains in college-going for each group of 18 year olds in  
            California will yield $3 billion in additional net tax revenue  
            over their lifetimes.

          3)If enrollment stalls at current capacity, the state will lose  
            money due to reduced tax revenues and increased costs for  
            social welfare and incarceration.

          The study notes important policy implications such as improving  
          the high school to college transition, making the best use of  
          all higher education assets, and enhancing college access and  
          outcomes for students from all ethnic groups.  Based upon the  








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          study, the CCO proposed that the Governor, Legislature, and  
          education leaders develop and implement a plan with the  
          following major elements:

          1)Participation:  Develop a decade-long enrollment plan that  
            considers population growth, improved college-going rates and  
            workforce needs.  Efforts should be expanded to ensure  
            participation and better academic preparation of entering  
            students.

          2)Efficiency:  More efficient completion of certificates and  
            degrees to be achieved via better paths to degree, joint use  
            of facilities, student services, coordination of high schools  
            and community colleges, and other strategies.

          3)State Investment:  Increase state investment for higher  
            education each year over the course of the decade for growing  
            enrollment, financial aid, and other related costs.

          4)Fees and Financial Aid:  Develop a sustained fee policy with  
            gradual, moderate, and predictable fee increases tied to  
            increasing financial aid for students in need.  

           Education attainment trends  :  Recently released research reports  
          by the California Postsecondary Education Commission and the  
          Public Policy Institute of California (PPIC) indicate that  
          California will soon experience a shortage of skilled workers.   
          The highly skilled baby boom generation will be retiring, and  
          projections indicate that California's replacement workforce  
          will have lower levels of educational attainment if current  
          trends continue.  The fastest growing segment of California's  
          population-immigrants and their children, especially  
          Latinos-will be a large percentage of the working-age population  
          in 2025, but they are among the least likely to finish high  
          school or to attend or finish college.  Further exacerbating the  
          problem, the PPIC study predicts that California will not be  
          able to import enough skilled workers (those with college  
          degrees and beyond) to meet the economy's needs.  PPIC estimates  
          that by 2020, 39% of California's jobs will require a college  
          degree yet only 33% are likely to have the necessary education.   


           Similar programs  :  According to the author, this bill builds  
          upon existing successful local programs, such as the Passport to  
          College program administered by the San Joaquin Delta College  








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          that has received 7,000 commitments from students to date and  
          the Compact for Success that promises admission to San Diego  
          State University to all Sweetwater Unified School District  
          students who meet educational benchmarks.  In addition, other  
          states have implemented similar programs, including Indiana's  
          21st Century Scholars Program that commits a spot in college and  
          a financial aid grant equal to tuition for four years to  
          low-income students.  Indiana has moved from 40th in  
          college-going to 9th among all states.

           Issues to consider  :

          1)Will this bill extend the CCC fee waiver to students who do  
            not meet income eligibility requirements?  The ECCP targets  
            low-income pupils in schools that have low college-going  
            rates, and data provided by the author indicates that these  
            students will most likely qualify for the CCC fee waiver.   
            However, it is possible that a student's financial  
            circumstances could improve between the time he or she signs  
            the pledge and enrollment in a CCC, just as it is possible  
            that students who were not eligible to participate in ECCP  
            could have unexpected financial hardship at the time they  
            enroll in a CCC.  That said, the sponsor believes that a  
            meaningful guarantee (such as the CCC fee waiver) is essential  
            for ECCP to engage pupils and their families.  The author may  
            wish to consider asking the SPI to include in the report to  
            the Legislature an examination of ECCP students who utilized  
            the CCC fee waiver and their eligibility separate from the  
            ECCP guarantee.

          2)Will school districts participate?  The existing school  
            district efforts described above and the number of school  
            districts in support of this bill leads the author to believe  
            that school districts will participate in this program.

          3)Is legislation necessary?  School districts can already carry  
            out these activities, as evidenced by the local programs  
            already in place.  However, ECCP brings a focus and  
            collaboration to the effort by involving all elements of the  
            K-University spectrum on the goal of alerting students and  
            their families to the possibility and services available to  
            them to pursue career technical or postsecondary education.

          4)Can California's colleges and universities accommodate  
            increased enrollments?  The PPIC study mentioned previously in  








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            this analysis also indicates that if students continue to seek  
            a college education at the same rate they do today, by 2013  
            California will face a shortfall of 686,000 spaces in its  
            colleges and universities.  This measure seeks to increase the  
            number of students attending postsecondary education.  While  
            this is a laudable and important goal, will our colleges and  
            universities be able to accommodate this enrollment growth?   
            As California implements programs to increase its  
            college-going population, should it also address its capacity,  
            use of facilities, and the funding it provides to educate  
            those students?

           Previous legislation  :  SB 1709 (Scott) of 2006, created the  
          College Opportunity Act of 2006, outlining a number of  
          responsibilities for planning and funding of higher education  
          with the goal of increasing the number of young Californians who  
          pursue and complete a college education.  It was held on the  
          Senate Appropriations Committee Suspense File.

           Double-referral  :  Should this bill pass out of this Committee,  
          it will be referred to the Assembly Education Committee.

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :

           Support 
           
          AFSCME
          Alameda County Office of Education
          ALL Student Loan
          Anaheim City School District
          Applied Research Center
          Asian Pacific American Legal Center of Southern California
          Automobile Club of Southern California
          AVID
          Bay Area Council
          Bay Area Immigrant Rights Coalition 
          Edmund G. "Pat" Brown Institute of Public Affairs
          CalChamber
          California Catholic Conference
          California Coast Credit Union 
          California Farm Bureau Federation
          Californians for Justice Education Fund
          California State PTA
          California State University
          Campaign for College Opportunity (sponsor)








                                                                  SB 890
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          CATAPULT
          Central Valley Higher Education Consortium
          Citrus College
          CJ Ventures
          College of the Sequoias
          College OPTIONS
          Community Action Partnership of Kern
          Community Coalition of South Los Angeles
          Compact for Success, San Diego State University
          Contoural
          Contra Costa College
          Coronado Unified School District Governing Board
          Families In Schools
          Fullerton School District
          Garvey School District
          Gay and Lesbian Adolescent Social Services Inc. (GLASS)
          Girls Inc of Orange County
          Golden West College
          Great Valley Center
          Hispanas Organized for Political Equality (HOPE)
          Hispanic Association of Colleges and Universities
          Hispanic Leadership Council of Stanislaus County
          Inner City Struggle
          International Brotherhood of Teamsters
          Kern County Hispanic Chamber of Commerce
          Linking Education and Economic Development (LEED)
          MACSA
          Merced City School District
          Merced Community College District
          MALDEF
          Modesto Chamber of Commerce
          Modesto Junior College
          Oakland Community Organizations
          Orange County Department of Education
          Oxnard Union High School District
          Pacific Gas and Electric Company
          Parent Institute for Quality Education (PIQE)
          Pierce College
          Public Advocates, Inc.
          Raytheon
          Rio Linda Union School District
          Ruiz Foods
          Saddleback Valley Unified School District
          Salinas Valley Chamber of Commerce
          San Diego Community College District








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          San Bernardino County Office of Education
          San Bernardino County Superintendent of Schools
          Santa Ana Chamber of Commerce
          Savanna School District
          Silicon Valley Leadership Group
          Southern California Edison
          South Orange County Community College District 
          Southwestern College
          Stanislaus County Board of Education
          Stanislaus County Office of Education
          United Way of Greater Los Angeles
          University of California
          UCLA Institute for Democracy Education & Access (IDEA)
          West Los Angeles College
          Wilshire Industries Inc. 
          Yosemite Community College District Trustee
          Yuba Community College District
          15 individuals
           
            Opposition 
           
          None on file.




           Analysis Prepared by  :    Sandra Fried / HIGHER ED. / (916)  
          319-3960