BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  SB 942
                                                                  Page  1


          SENATE THIRD READING
          SB 942 (Migden)
          As Amended July 5, 2007
          Majority vote 

           SENATE VOTE  :23-15  
           
           INSURANCE           7-3                                         
           
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
          |Ayes:|Coto, Berg, Charles       |     |                          |
          |     |Calderon, Carter, De      |     |                          |
          |     |Leon, Lieber, Parra       |     |                          |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |Nays:|Benoit, Duvall, Garrick   |     |                          |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
           SUMMARY  :  Provides a financial incentive for injured employees  
          to obtain education and career retraining, and requires  
          employers to return employees to work within five days of  
          receiving notice that the employee is able to return to work.   
          Specifically,  this bill  :

          1)Entitles employees injured after January 1, 2008, to  
            supplemental job displacement benefits in the form of a  
            voucher for education-related retraining and/or skill  
            enhancement at state accredited schools if the employee  
            experiences permanent partial disability and the injured  
            employee does not return to work within 60 days after the  
            disability becomes permanent and stationary, with specified  
            exceptions.  The exceptions are that the employer would not be  
            liable for these supplemental job displacement benefits if the  
            employer offers the injured employee regular work, modified  
            work, or alternative work in the manner prescribed by the  
            Administrative Director of the Division of Workers'  
            Compensation, and the work lasts for a period of at least 12  
            months.  

          2)Sets $10,000 as the maximum amount for this education and  
            skill-related voucher, and further specifies that the maximum  
            amount of the voucher for tuition, fees, books, and other  
            expenses for a school shall not exceed $5,000 per year.  
           








                                                                  SB 942
                                                                  Page  2


          3)Requires an employer to reinstate an employee to his/her  
            pre-injury job within five working days after receipt of a  
            written statement by the treating physician that the employee  
            is able to perform the essential functions of the employee's  
            regular position.  This would be notwithstanding the risks  
            inherent in the position, without a risk of further injury to  
            the employee being increased due to the effects of the injury  
            or illness, and where the employee is willing and available to  
            return to work.  This type of medical release is referred to  
            as a "full release without restrictions."

          4)Requires the employer to reimburse the employee (see #1)  
            above) for lost wages and work benefits if the employer  
            refuses to reinstate the employee to his/her pre-injury job.    
             

          5)Prohibits an employer from requiring an employee to perform  
            additional physical duties that the employee was not required  
            to perform prior to the injuries or illness as a condition of  
            returning to work, unless the additional physical duties are  
            reasonably required to accommodate the employee's disabilities  
            or the additional duties are presently required of employees  
            in the same class or job assignment as the employee held at  
            the time of injury.  

          6)Requires the employer to reimburse the employee (see #3)  
            above) for lost wages and work benefits for any time that the  
            employee is unable to work due to the imposition of additional  
            physical duties that are not reasonably required to  
            accommodate the employee's disability.

          7)Requires any employer that refuses to reinstate an employee to  
            his/her pre-injury job to pay a civil penalty of $100 per day,  
            and the employee shall be entitled to reimbursement for lost  
            wages and work benefits.

          8)Provides that this bill shall not preclude an employer from  
            objecting to the opinion of the treating physician or from  
            obtaining an opinion from an agreed medical evaluator or  
            qualified medical evaluator.  However, the employee shall  
            continue to be entitled to reimbursement for lost wages and  
            work benefits during the time an employer is objecting to the  
            opinion or obtaining another opinion.









                                                                  SB 942
                                                                  Page  3


          9)Specifies that the report of the agreed medical evaluator or  
            qualified medical evaluator shall be based on an in-person  
            physical examination of the employee.  

          10)Specifies that if the report of the agreed medical evaluator  
            or the qualified medical evaluator states that the employee is  
            unable to perform the essential functions of the employee's  
            regular position, or is unable to perform the essential  
            functions of the employee's regular position without the risk  
            of further injury or illness to the employee being increased  
            due to the effects of the injury or illness, then the employer  
            shall have no further obligation to pay the employee full  
            wages and benefits for any period after the date of service of  
            the report, the employer shall not be liable for lost wages  
            and work benefits, and the employer shall not be liable for  
            the $100 per day civil penalty (see #5) above).   

           11)Makes it a misdemeanor for an insurer to advise or threaten  
            an insured employer to cancel or raise a premium or otherwise  
            discriminate against an employee because the  employer   
            testified in another employee's case before the Workers'  
            Compensation Appeal Board.   

           12)Creates a presumption that an employer has unlawfully  
            discriminated against an employee if the employer denies an  
            employee the right to predesignate a treating physician prior  
            to injury or illness or denies an employee the right to see  
            his/her properly predesignated physician or a medical provider  
            to whom the predesignated physician has referred the employee  
            after the injury or illness.   

           13) Provides that nothing stated above is intended to limit any  
            rights or remedies otherwise provided by law.  

          EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Makes an injured worker eligible for a supplemental job  
            displacement benefit in the form of a voucher for  
            education-related retraining and/or skill enhancement at  
            state-approved or accredited schools if the worker has  
            experienced a permanent partial disability and the injured  
            employee does not return to work for the employer within 60  
            days of the termination of temporary disability, with  
             specified exceptions  .








                                                                  SB 942
                                                                  Page  4



           2)Specifies the following   exceptions  in which an employer is not  
            liable for the supplemental job displacement benefit:

               a)     If the employer, within 30 days of the termination  
                 of temporary disability benefits, offers and the employee  
                 rejects or fails to accept modified work accommodating  
                 the employee's work restrictions, and lasting at least 12  
                 months; or, 

               b)     If the employer, within 30 days of the termination  
                 of temporary disability benefits, offers and the employee  
                 rejects or fails to accept alternative work in which the  
                 employee has the ability to perform the essential  
                 functions, the job is in a regular position lasting at  
                 least 12 months, the job pays wages and compensation  
                 within 15% of those paid to the employee at the time of  
                 injury, and the job is located within commuting distance  
                 of the employee's residence at the time of the injury.

          3)Declares that it is the policy of this state that there should  
            not be discrimination against workers who are injured in the  
            course and scope of their employment.

          4)Makes it unlawful for an employer to discharge or threaten to  
            discharge, or in any other manner discriminates against, any  
            employee who files a workers' compensation claim.  Violation  
            of this law is a misdemeanor and the employee's compensation  
            must be increased by one-half, but not to exceed $10,000,  
            together with costs and expenses not to exceed $250.  

          5)Specifies that the employee is entitled to reinstatement and  
            reimbursement for lost wages and work benefits caused by the  
            acts of the employer.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  The bill is keyed non-fiscal by Legislative  
          Counsel.

           COMMENTS  :

          1)Purpose of this bill:  According to the author, the purpose of  
            this bill is help formerly injured workers return to work, and  
            gain better compliance with workers' compensation laws from  
            employers.








                                                                  SB 942
                                                                  Page  5



          2)Need for this bill:  The author states the following: 

          The best outcome of a workers' compensation case is that an  
            injured worker receives medical treatment, fully recovers, and  
            returns to his/her work.  This bill promotes that outcome by  
            penalizing employers for refusing to reinstate injured workers  
            even after they are released to return to work by their  
            doctor.  It allows employers to seek an alternative medical  
            opinion and, if it contradicts the worker's doctor, the  
            employer is released from liability.

          Under current law, employers are not obligated to bring workers  
            back after a workers' compensation injury.  In fact, employers  
            are using the workers' compensation system to get rid of  
            older, more senior employees.  Current statutory incentives to  
            put injured workers back to work are not working.  While  
            employers who don't take back injured workers pay a 15% higher  
            permanent disability (PD) benefit, the recent cuts to the PD  
            schedule, averaging 50%, have slashed benefits so dramatically  
            that these incentives are now insufficient.
           
           3)Arguments in support:  According to the sponsors, the  
            California Federation of Labor and the Teamsters, California's  
            workers' compensation system has undergone dramatic changes  
            over the past five years.  Employers have enjoyed considerable  
            savings and insurance companies are reaping historic profits,  
            with injured workers paying the price.  Not only are workers  
            receiving greatly reduced benefits, but many are also facing  
            significant obstacles when they try to return to work.  Also,  
            benefits have become so low that some employers find it  
            cheaper to keep a worker on PD and pay out a lower benefit  
            than put the worker back to work.  Others have used the system  
            to get rid of older employees.  Workers who have been on the  
            job longer tend to have accrued higher wages, more vacation  
            days, and better benefits.  It can be cheaper for the employer  
            to replace these older workers with younger, healthier, and  
            lower-paid workers.

          In addition, some injured workers are prevented from returning  
            to work because the employer adds new tasks to the job to make  
            it impossible for that worker to accomplish the work.  Instead  
            of reducing litigation, a stated objective of SB 899  
            (Poochigian), Chapter 34, Statutes of 2004, the refusal to  








                                                                  SB 942
                                                                  Page  6


            return injured workers to their jobs has forced many workers  
            to find employment lawyers to file anti-discrimination  
            lawsuits.  Union members are forced to grieve and arbitrate  
            decisions that keep them off the job.  SB 942 would reduce  
            conflict between employers and employees by providing the  
            following clear rules for the return to work process:  1)  
            respect the recommendation of the treating physician; 2)  
            penalize employers who discriminate against injured workers by  
            refusing to return them to work; 3) prohibit employers from  
            changing job requirements to prevent injured workers from  
            returning; and, 4) prohibit discrimination against an employee  
            for exercising the right to pre-designate a doctor.
           
           4)Arguments in opposition:  Opponents argue this bill creates  
            unreasonable requirements for employers when bringing injured  
            employees back to work.  This bill does not take into account  
            typical situations that may justify a delay in return to work.  
             These include questions over the medical release, and  
            instances when an employer closes down a facility and does not  
            have a job for an injured worker, and, yet, they would be  
            required to pay full salary and benefits.  Also, there is no  
            exception for an employee who is terminated for cause during  
            the return period.  This bill's requirement to return to work  
            a previously injured employee within five days or face new  
            monetary costs, places the employer on the defensive, and  
            opens the door to more claims.   

           
           Analysis Prepared by  :  Manny Hernandez / INS. / (916) 319-2086


                                                                FN: 0001799