BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 26
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:   March 17, 2009

                   ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON BUSINESS AND PROFESSIONS
                                 Mary Hayashi, Chair
                 AB 26 (Hernandez) - As Introduced:  December 1, 2008
           
          SUBJECT  :   Public Contracts: bid preferences: employee health  
          care expenditures.

           SUMMARY  :  Requires public entities bidding out public works  
          contracts to provide a 2% bid preference to qualifying bidders  
          who spend at least 6.5% of aggregated Social Security wages on  
          employee health care. Specifically,  this bill  :

          1)Requires a state agency to provide a 2% bid preference to the  
            lowest bidder or lowest responsible bidder that spent at least  
            6.5% of aggregated Social Security wages paid to California  
            employees on employee health care in the year prior to the  
            submission of the bid, or for the entire duration employment  
            for an individual working for at least three months but  
            employed for less than a year.

          2)Requires a winning bidder to continue to spend at least 6.5%  
            of aggregated Social Security wages paid to California  
            employees on employee health care for at least one year  
            following the acceptance of a bid. 

          3)Establishes penalties of a minimum amount of $2,500 and a  
            maximum amount of $25,000 against contractors who falsify  
            information on their bids, and a fine equal to twice the cost  
            that the bidder, or subcontractor, would have incurred for  
            healthcare if they fail to provide employee health care for at  
            least one year following the acceptance of a bid. 

          4)Defines "aggregate California employee health care  
            expenditures" as all amounts paid by the bidder, or  
            subcontractor, to the bidder's, or subcontractor's, employees  
            in California or to a third party on behalf of the bidder's,  
            or subcontractor's, employees in California, for the purpose  
            of providing health care services to employees or reimbursing  
            the cost of those services for the employees.  

          EXISTING LAW  

          1)Defines public works contracts as any construction,  








                                                                  AB 26
                                                                  Page  2

            alteration, demolition, installation or repair work done under  
            contract and paid for in whole or in part from public funds. 

          2)Requires, with certain exceptions, public contracts to be  
            awarded to the lowest or lowest responsible bidder. 

          3)Requires all employees who work on public works projects with  
            a budget of $1,000 or more to be paid the general prevailing  
            wage as determined by the Department of Industrial Relations. 

          4)Allows local agencies to provide up to a 5% bid preference to  
            bidders who are small businesses, or create a bid preference  
            to contractors that achieve subcontractor participation goal. 

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   Unknown

           COMMENTS :  
           
          Purpose of this bill  .  According to the author's office, "In  
          recent years, the Legislature has explored a variety of policy  
          proposals to extend or increase health coverage to workers in  
          the state that are either underinsured or uninsured.  The main  
          driver behind the legislative measures was the decline of  
          employer-provided health insurance, as well as the increase in  
          state-based healthcare costs due to the increase of individuals  
          requiring subsidized healthcare."
           
          Background.   The federal government enacted the Davis-Bacon Act  
          in 1931 and established prevailing wage to halt the importation  
          of cheap unskilled labor that undermined the local wage base for  
          skilled construction workers.  Soon afterwards, states followed  
          suit and enacted their own prevailing wage laws.  Today, all  
          public works construction projects in California paid for with  
          public tax dollars are required to pay the state's prevailing  
          wage set by the Department of Industrial Relations.  Generally,  
          the prevailing wage is based on the regional modal rate for each  
          construction job classification (such as electrician, plumber,  
          sheet metal worker, iron worker, etc.)  The prevailing wages of  
          construction workers include cash payments for holidays,  
          vacations, and sick leaves because of the propensity for high  
          unemployment and short periods of work.  As a result, employers  
          have little incentive to train or provide employees with health  
          benefits or pensions. 

          The Senate Office of Research issued a report in 1996 entitled,  








                                                                  AB 26
                                                                  Page  3

          "Potential Economic Impact: Proposals Department of Industrial  
          Relations to Alter Methodology Relating to Prevailing Wages."  
          The report discusses the inherently dangerous, cyclical, and  
          intermittent nature of construction work reduces incentives to  
          work in the industry.  The intermittent nature also makes  
          full-time employment prohibitive and can result in construction  
          workers falling under state poverty guidelines, placing  
          additional burdens on public health care programs and increasing  
          costs to taxpayers.  The effect is that the state government  
          ends up paying more for these employees, who may be uninsured,  
          or who lack adequate coverage.  Offering health benefits would  
          stabilize the fluctuating market by offering incentives to  
          workers to remain in the industry despite the intermittent  
          nature of the employment.  A study by the California Healthcare  
          Foundation cites that employers generally cite high premiums and  
          few employees as reasons for not providing employee health care.  


           Support.   The sponsor, the State Building and Construction  
          Trades Council of California, writes, "Recent studies  
          demonstrate that workers in the private sector are experiencing  
          an increased likelihood of being dropped from employer  
          healthcare coverage.  According to the California Healthcare  
          Foundation's Employer Health Benefits Survey, premiums increased  
          8.3% in 2007, outpacing a 6.1% rise in premiums nationally, and  
          since 2002, premiums in California have increased 86.3% compared  
          to 78.5% nationally.  Additionally, California has the highest  
          proportion of uninsured and lowest rate of employer sponsored  
          healthcare coverage in the nation. Moreover, due to the ever  
          rising cost of healthcare, working families with incomes of more  
          than $50,000 a year now make up a third of the uninsured  
          population."  Therefore, providing incentives for bidders to  
          provide health care benefits may ultimately save the state more  
          money than initial up-front contract cost.

          "The State and its local governments incur substantial direct  
          and indirect expenses when employers do not contribute for  
          healthcare expenses.  As the Legislature continues tackling the  
          onerous task of resolving the budget deficit, which has included  
          significant reductions to healthcare programs for the most  
          vulnerable, it makes economic sense for state agencies to offer  
          a bid preference to construction contractors that have an  
          established practice of paying for employee healthcare expenses  
          for California's construction workforce."









                                                                  AB 26
                                                                  Page  4

           Oppose  .  According to the Associated General Contractors, "Prime  
          contractors normally solicit bids from subcontractors and  
          material suppliers and those bids are usually delivered to the  
          prime contractor just before the prime bid is due to the public  
          agency.  If the preference is to be claimed, you are asking a  
          prime contractor to verify additional qualifying documentation  
          before listing a subcontractor on a bid.  If a subcontractor who  
          is listed is determined to not be properly certified for public  
          works, the prime contractor under this bill is then denied the  
          preference and must proceed through a cumbersome substitution  
          process to find another qualified subcontractor which often  
          results in increased costs on the project.  Failure to be able  
          to substitute a "qualified" subcontractor would result in the  
          bidding contractor losing the bid preference and possibly no  
          longer qualifying as the low bidder - raising complications for  
          both the contractor and all his other subcontractors as well as  
          the public agency who now may be subject to a bid protest if  
          they had already awarded the contract."

           Prior Legislation:  

          AB 396 (Hernandez) of 2008 would require public entities bidding  
          out public works contracts to the lowest responsible bidder to  
          provide a 2.5% employee health care expenditure bid preference  
          to qualifying contractors who spend at least 6.5% of aggregated  
          Social Security wages on employee health care.  This bill was  
          held in the Senate Appropriations Committee.  According to the  
          author's office, this bill has been modified to reduce costs. 

          AB 8 (N??ez) of 2007 required that employers expend an amount at  
          least equal to 7.5% of the total Social Security wages of all  
          employees on employee health care, or pay a fee into the Managed  
          Risk Medical Insurance Board.  This bill was vetoed. 

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          State Building and Construction Trades Council of California  
          (sponsor)
          American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees  
          (AFSCME)
          California Association of Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning  
          Contractors' National Association
          National Electrical Contractors Association 








                                                                  AB 26
                                                                  Page  5

          California Legislative Conference of the Plumbing, Heating and  
          Piping Industry

           Opposition 
           
          Associated General Contractors
          National Federation of Independent Business 
          California State University 
          California Chamber of Commerce
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Joanna Gin / B. & P. / (916) 319-3301