BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                       



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                                 THIRD READING


          Bill No:  AJR 8
          Author:   Monning (D), et al
          Amended:  6/3/09 in Senate
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE NATURAL RES. & WATER COMMITTEE  :  6-3, 6/9/09
          AYES:  Pavley, Kehoe, Leno, Simitian, Wiggins, Wolk
          NOES:  Cogdill, Hollingsworth, Huff
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Benoit, Padilla

           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  63-3, 4/20/09 - See last page for vote


           SUBJECT  :    Marine mammal protection:  swordfish  
          importation

           SOURCE  :     Author


           DIGEST  :    This resolution requests the United States  
          government to restrict swordfish imports unless and until  
          there is a process by which a nation seeking to export  
          swordfish or swordfish products to the United States  
          provides reasonable proof of the effects on marine mammals  
          of the commercial fishing technology used to obtain the  
          swordfish or swordfish products, and the National Marine  
          Fisheries Service receives that proof and determines that  
          the proof demonstrates that the swordfish or swordfish  
          products to be imported were not caught with commercial  
          fishing technology that results in the incidental kill or  
          incidental serious injury of marine mammals in excess of  
          United States standards.
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           ANALYSIS  :    

           Existing Law

           The Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA) was enacted in 1972  
          in recognition of the importance of marine mammals and in  
          recognition of the threats to their populations as a result  
          of man's activities.  Specifically, the MMPA establishes a  
          moratorium on the taking of marine mammals.  The MMPA  
          allows some incidental take of marine mammals in the course  
          of commercial fishing operations, under permit, with the  
          goal that incidental take levels approach zero.   
          Furthermore, the MMPA bans the importation of commercial  
          fish that is caught with technology that results in more  
          take than allowed under U.S. standards.

          This resolution requests the National Marine Fisheries  
          Service and the Department of the Treasury to enforce  
          existing provisions of the MMPA that ban the importation of  
          swordfish from counties that do not provide proof of the  
          effects of their commercial swordfish fishing on marine  
          mammals, and makes several findings regarding the harm of  
          bycatch of marine mammals and protection of marine mammals  
          under the MMPA.  Specifically, this resolution makes the  
          following findings:
           
           1.Bycatch of marine mammals is significant and a major  
            threat to several species of marine mammals.

          2.Marine mammal conservation cannot be accomplished through  
            regulations of U.S. fishermen alone.

          3.The MMPA requires the US to receive reasonable  
            information from the government of any nation from which  
            the U.S. imports fish or fish products on the effect that  
            their commercial fishing technologies have ocean mammals.

          4.The U.S. imports over 10,000 metric tons of swordfish and  
            swordfish products annually, yet the U.S. has no  
            information about the fishing practices used by the 43  
            countries from which the U.S. imports.

          5.Available information indicates that many of the  

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                                                                 AJR 8
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            swordfish exporting countries are failing to regulate  
            their fisheries in a manner that protects marine mammals.

          6.The lack of enforcement of MMPA requirements to track  
            information from swordfish exporting countries causes  
            U.S. swordfish fishermen to unfairly compete with imports  
            from countries with poor fishery regulations regarding  
            bycatch.  

          Comments

           According to information from the author's office, global  
          swordfish fisheries often use long-lines or gillnets.   
          Gillnets are responsible for many of the over 300,000  
          marine mammals killed by commercial fishing annually.   
          Thus, the author's office contends that swordfish fisheries  
          are major contributors to these global bycatch figures.   
          U.S. swordfish fisheries have been subject to regulations  
          on gear, closures, training, and mandatory observers, all  
          of which have resulted in a decrease of marine mammal take.  
           However, many countries have not adopted similar  
          regulations and do not make their bycatch data available to  
          the general public.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Fiscal Com.:  No

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  6/9/09)

          Sea Turtle Restoration Project (source)
          Blue Ocean Institute
          Center for Biological Diversity
          Cetacean Society International
          Earth Island Institute
          Friends of the Earth
          Greenpeace USA
          Heal the Bay
          Natural Resources Defense Council
          Oceana
          Wild Dolphin Foundation

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    The Sea Turtle Restoration  
          Project, in support of this bill, states, "[T]here is a  
          growing interest and regulatory focus within California to  
          sustain, conserve, and protect the natural diversity and  

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          abundance of our state's ocean resources and marine life.   
          This resolution furthers efforts to protect the highly  
          migratory marine mammals that occur off the West Coast by  
          urging the U.S. government to finally require foreign  
          nations to dramatically reduce their bycatch to levels that  
          are comparable with domestic fishermen?by failing to  
          enforce section 101 of the MPA, the U.S. government has  
          allowed poorly regulated fisheries to sell their catch  
          alongside that of U.S. fishermen, in effect, subverting the  
          intent of MMPA, promoting the destruction of marine mammal  
          populations, and placing U.S. fishermen at a significant  
          competitive disadvantage."


           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  : 
          AYES:  Ammiano, Arambula, Beall, Bill Berryhill, Tom  
            Berryhill, Blakeslee, Block, Blumenfield, Brownley,  
            Caballero, Carter, Conway, Cook, Coto, Davis, De La  
            Torre, De Leon, Emmerson, Eng, Evans, Feuer, Fletcher,  
            Fong, Fuentes, Fuller, Furutani, Galgiani, Gilmore,  
            Hayashi, Hernandez, Hill, Huber, Huffman, Jones, Knight,  
            Krekorian, Lieu, Logue, Bonnie Lowenthal, Ma, Mendoza,  
            Miller, Monning, Nava, Nestande, John A. Perez, V. Manuel  
            Perez, Portantino, Price, Ruskin, Salas, Saldana,  
            Skinner, Smyth, Solorio, Audra Strickland, Swanson,  
            Torlakson, Torres, Torrico, Villines, Yamada, Bass
          NOES:  Anderson, Gaines, Silva
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Adams, Buchanan, Charles Calderon,  
            Chesbro, DeVore, Duvall, Garrick, Hagman, Hall, Harkey,  
            Jeffries, Niello, Nielsen, Tran


          CTW:cm  6/10/09   Senate Floor Analyses 

                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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