BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 68
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          Date of Hearing:   May 6, 2009

                        ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS
                                Kevin De Leon, Chair

                   AB 68 (Brownley) - As Amended:  April 23, 2009 

          Policy Committee:                              Natural  
          ResourcesVote:6-3

          Urgency:     No                   State Mandated Local Program:  
          No     Reimbursable:              No

           SUMMARY  

          This bill restricts grocery and convenience stores from  
          providing single-use carry out bags to their customers.  
          Specifically, this bill:

          1)As of July 1, 2010, prohibits grocery and convenience stores  
            and pharmacies, as defined, from providing single-use carryout  
            bags to customers without charging a sales tax-free fee of 25  
            cents per bag (the Bag Pollution Cleanup Fee).

          2)Exempts from the fee customers participating in certain  
            state-run low-income assistance programs.

          3)Allows stores charging the fee to retain a portion of the  
            amount generated by the fee to pay for implementation of the  
            bill, including educational programs and donation of reusable  
            bags to community groups, nonprofits, and similar entities.

          4)Creates the Bag Pollution Fund, available for annual  
            legislative appropriation to the Integrated Waste Management  
            Board for grants to cities and counties for litter cleanup and  
            source reduction. 

           FISCAL EFFECT  

          1)One-time costs, about $300,000 in 2010-11, to the board to  
            establish this program. (IWMA.) 

          2)Ongoing costs, about $600,000 annually, starting in 2012-13,  
            to enforce these provisions. (IWMA.)









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          3)Ongoing annual costs in the range of several hundreds of  
            thousands of dollars to the Board of Equalization (BOE),  
            starting in 2009-10, for collection of the bag fee.  These  
            costs would be covered by the portion of the bag fee set aside  
            in the bill for BOE. 

          4)Unknown, potentially significant proceeds from the fee,  
            perhaps in the millions of dollars annually, to the Bag  
            Pollution Cleanup Fund.

          5)Unknown, potentially significant private proceeds, perhaps in  
            the millions of dollars annually, the stores that collect the  
            fee and retain a portion to cover their costs of implementing  
            this provision.

           COMMENTS 

           1)Rationale.   The author contends the volume of plastic bags  
            distributed to customers by grocery and convenience stores and  
            pharmacies needs to be reduced significantly to reduce the  
            volume of plastic bags that enter landfills and are disposed  
            of illegally as litter or marine debris. The author notes that  
            California uses over 19 billion plastic bags a year but  
            recycles less than five percent of those bags. The author also  
            cites significant costs associated with disposing of plastic  
            bags in landfills and cleaning up litter.  The bill is  
            supported by many municipal governments and a wide variety of  
            environmental and conservation groups.
                
            Opponents  claim that the fee imposed by this bill is actually  
            a tax because the burden will be disproportionably borne by  
            one group of individuals-customers of certain retail  
            stores-rather than proportionally by all individuals who  
            contribute to plastic bag litter. 

           2)Related Legislation.    

              a)   AB 87 (Davis), similar to this bill, would place a  
               25-cent fee on single-use carryout bags.  AB 87 won passage  
               in Natural Resources Committee on a vote of 6-3.

             b)   AB 2058 (Levine, 2008) would have prohibited the free  
               dispensing of carryout plastic bags by a store to its  
               customers, unless the store can demonstrate to the  
               California Integrated Waste Management Board (CIWMB) that  








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               35% and 70% of the plastic bags it dispensed in 2007 have  
               been diverted from the waste stream by July 1, 2011 and  
               July 1, 2012, respectively.  Assembly Appropriations  
               identified approximate one-time costs of $600,000 and  
               approximate ongoing costs of $600,000 associated with this  
               bill, and noted the potential for the fee required by the  
               bill to raise millions of dollars.  AB 2058 won passage in  
               Assembly Appropriations on a vote of 12-5 but died in  
               Senate Appropriations.

             c)   AB 2449 (Levine) - Chapter 845, Statutes of 2006  
               requires supermarkets and drug stores to establish a  
               plastic bag recycling program.  AB 2449 also pre-empted  
               local governments from enacting fees on plastic bag use.
           
          3)Bag Fee  .  This bill requires stores to charge consumers a  
            25-cent fee per bag on all carryout bags.  This fee would be  
            charged and collected by stores and then used by those same  
            stores to cover their own carryout bag costs, including public  
            service announcements and reusable bag donations.  Any  
            proceeds remaining will be transferred to the Bag Pollution  
            Control Fund for local plastic bag reduction, cleanup, waste  
            reduction and recycling efforts, upon appropriation.  While  
            such a fee could generate substantial revenue statewide if  
            consumers continue to use carryout bags unabated, it is likely  
            that many consumers will bring reusable bags instead of paying  
            the fee.

           Analysis Prepared by  :    Jay Dickenson / APPR. / (916) 319-2081