BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    






                             SENATE JUDICIARY COMMITTEE
                           Senator Ellen M. Corbett, Chair
                              2009-2010 Regular Session


          AB 73
          Assemblymember Hayashi
          As Amended May 11, 2009
          Hearing Date: June 16, 2009
          Government Code; Health and Safety Code; Welfare and  
          Institutions Code
          KB:jd
                    

                                        SUBJECT
                                           
              Marriage Licenses; Vital Records; Fees; Domestic Violence

                                      DESCRIPTION  

          This bill, sponsored by the Alameda County Board of Supervisors  
          and the Alameda County District Attorney's Office, would  
          eliminate the January 1, 2010 sunset date for Alameda County and  
          the City of Berkeley to continue to authorize existing fees to  
          fund domestic violence prevention programs, and extends the  
          deadline for a final report to the Legislature.

                                      BACKGROUND  

          In 2001, pursuant to SB 425 (Torlakson, Chapter 90, Statutes of  
          2001), the Legislature authorized a pilot program in Contra  
          Costa County, allowing the county to provide governmental  
          oversight and coordination of domestic violence prevention,  
          intervention, and prosecution efforts within the county.  The  
          county was required to make findings and declarations about the  
          need for oversight and coordination, and per these findings, was  
          authorized to increase fees by a maximum of $2 for marriage  
          licenses and on certified copies of vital records to fund the  
          program.  Contra Costa County was required to provide a report  
          to the Legislature by July 1, 2006, on the outcomes achieved and  
          the amount of funds received and spent.  SB 425 contained a  
          sunset of January 1, 2007, which was later repealed by SB 968  
          (Torlakson, Chapter 635, Statutes of 2006), making Contra  
          Costa's program effective indefinitely.  

          AB 2010 (Hancock, Chapter 830, Statutes of 2004), subsequently  
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          authorized the Counties of Alameda and Solano to raise the fees  
          for marriage licenses and for certified copies of vital records.  
           The money raised is placed in a special fund in each county to  
          provide for oversight and coordination of domestic violence  
          prevention, intervention, and prosecution efforts in each  
          respective county.  These efforts include coordination among the  
          court system, the district attorney's office, the public  
          defender's office, law enforcement, the probation department,  
          mental health, substance abuse, child welfare services, adult  
          protective services, and other agencies and community-based  
          organizations in the counties.  AB 2010 authorized a fee  
          increase of up to $2 for each county, with further increases  
          permitted on an annual basis, using the Consumer Price Index  
          (CPI) for the San Francisco metropolitan area.  AB 2010  
          contained a sunset of January 1, 2010, and required a report on  
          each county's program to the Legislature by July 1, 2009. 

          The following year, AB 1712 (Hancock, Chapter 545, Statutes of  
          2005) authorized the City of Berkeley to also increase the fees  
          for certified copies of vital records by up to $2.  The City of  
          Berkeley, located in Alameda County, operates its own public  
          health department and offers a full range of public health  
          services.  Accordingly, Berkeley runs its own domestic violence  
          programs and maintains birth certificates, fetal death, and  
          death records for its residents.  AB 1712 allowed the City of  
          Berkeley to provide oversight and coordination of its domestic  
          violence programs under the same terms and conditions that apply  
          to the rest of Alameda County.  AB 1712 also contained a sunset  
          of January 1, 2010.

          This bill would eliminate the January 1, 2010 sunset date for  
          Alameda County and the City of Berkeley to continue to authorize  
          existing fees to fund domestic violence prevention programs, and  
          extends the deadline for a final report to the Legislature.

          This bill was approved by the Senate Committee on Local  
          Government on May 20, 2009.

                                CHANGES TO EXISTING LAW
           
           Existing law  authorizes both the Alameda County and Solano  
          County Board of Supervisors, upon making specified findings and  
          declarations, to increase the fees for marriage licenses and  
          confidential marriage licenses by up to $2, with further  
          increases permitted on an annual basis, based on the CPI for the  
          San Francisco metropolitan area for the preceding year.  (Gov.  
                                                                      



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          Code Secs. 26840.10, 26840.11.)  Existing law provides that  
          proceeds are to be used for governmental oversight and  
          coordination of domestic violence and family violence  
          prevention, intervention, and prosecution efforts.  (Wel. &  
          Inst. Code Sec. 18309.)
           
          Existing law  requires, no later than July 1, 2009, both the  
          Alameda County and Solano County Board of Supervisors to submit  
          to the Senate and Assembly Judiciary Committees a report on the  
          amount of funds received and expended from the fee increases for  
          marital licenses and confidential marriage licenses and the  
          outcomes achieved as a result of the activities associated with  
          the fee increases.  (Gov. Code Secs. 26840.10, 26840.11.)

           Existing law  contains a sunset for the authorized fee increases  
          in the Counties of Alameda and Solano of January 1, 2010.  (Gov.  
          Code Secs. 26840.10, 26840.11.) 
           

           Existing law  authorizes the Counties of Alameda and Solano, and  
          the City of Berkeley upon making specified findings and  
          declarations, to increase the fees for certified copies of birth  
          certificates, fetal death records, and death records, by up to  
          $2, with further increases permitted on an annual basis, based  
          on the CPI for the San Francisco metropolitan area for the  
          preceding year. (Health and Saf. Code Secs. 103627, 103628.)

           Existing law  contains a sunset for the authorized fee increases  
          for the Counties of Alameda and Solano, and the City of Berkeley  
          of January 1, 2010.  (Health and Saf. Code Secs. 103627,  
          103628.)
          
           This bill  would make legislative findings and declarations  
          pertaining to domestic violence, and its costs to society.   

           This bill  would eliminate the January 1, 2010 sunset date for  
          the Alameda County Board of Supervisors and the Berkeley City  
          Council to continue to authorize existing marriage license and  
          birth and death certificate fees to fund governmental oversight  
          and coordination of domestic violence and family violence  
          prevention, intervention, and prosecution programs.

           This bill  would, instead, require the Alameda County Board of  
          Supervisors and the Berkeley City Council, if they elect to  
          increase fees pursuant to the above-described provisions, to  
          submit preliminary reports by July 1, 2009, and final reports by  
                                                                      



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          July 1, 2014. 

           This bill  would require the report to provide the amounts of  
          fees received and expended, as well as the outcomes achieved as  
          a result of the expenditures.

                                        COMMENT
           
              1.   Stated need for the bill
           
          The author states:  

            Domestic violence victims may need to seek help from as  
            many as 25 different agencies - in as many different  
            locations - police, district attorneys, victim-witness,  
            social services and other relevant programs.  Putting all  
            these services under one roof, as Alameda County has done  
            with its Family Justice Center, has helped to ensure these  
            victims receive all the legal, psychological, social and  
            financial assistance they need.  That coordination is  
            funded, in part, by money from the records fees.  

            Having a one-stop shop for domestic violence services has  
            helped to reduce some of Alameda County's stark  
            statistics.  Since 2001, the county has seen a 90 percent  
            decrease in domestic violence homicides.  It has reduced  
            dismissals of domestic violence cases by 20 percent,  
            giving victims more faith that the public system will  
            protect them.  Since opening its doors, the Alameda County  
            Justice Center has served more than 18,000 adults  
            (including 800 men) and 2,500 children.

              2.   Alameda County's Family Justice Center and Domestic  
               Violence Prevention Efforts

           The Family Justice Center (FJC) model was originally developed  
          in San Diego, which opened a center in 2002.  The idea behind  
          the FJC model is to create a coordinated, single-point-of-access  
          center offering comprehensive services for victims of domestic  
          violence, thereby reducing the number of locations a victim must  
          visit in order to receive critical services.  The United States  
          Department of Justice, through its Office on Violence Against  
          Women (OVW), has identified the Family Justice Center model as a  
          best practice in the field of domestic violence.  According to  
          the OVW, documented and public FJC outcomes include a reduction  
          in the rate of homicide; increased victim safety; improved  
                                                                      



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          offender prosecution; reduced fear and anxiety for victims and  
          their children; increased efficiency among service providers  
          through the provision of collaborative victims; and increased  
          community support for the provision of services and their  
          children.  (Casey Gwinn and Gael Strack, Hope for Hurting  
          Families:  Creating Family Justice Centers Across America,  
          Volcano Press, 2006.)

          Since 2004, Alameda County has leveraged the funds generated by  
          fees on vital records to support the core operation of the  
          Alameda County Family Justice Center (ACFJC).  ACFJC is the  
          County's primary coordinator of domestic violence services,  
          providing victims with a comprehensive array of services under  
          one roof.  The coordination efforts also use video relay  
          stations at police departments, hospitals, shelters, family  
          resource centers, employment centers and other agencies that can  
          link victims to the 65 services and service providers who work  
          in and with the ACFJC.  

          As evidence of the program's success, Alameda County prosecutors  
          report that, since the ACFJC opened, more domestic violence  
          victims are willing to press charges, courts are dismissing  
          fewer domestic cases, and more cases are being charged as  
          felonies.   The Berkeley City Council also reports that the fees  
          collected by the city are used for youth intervention in schools  
          to promote healthy relationships and prevent domestic violence.

           AB 73 would allow Alameda County and the City of Berkeley to  
          continue collecting existing fees for marriage certificates and  
          vital records in order to fund and coordinate these domestic  
          violence programs.
           
             3.   Opposition
           
          In opposition, the Howard Jarvis Taxpayers Association writes:

            As currently drafted, AB 73 would authorize local government  
            violations of the California Constitution.  It is a tax for a  
            special purpose and therefore must require a two-thirds vote  
            by local voters.  This increase cannot be termed a fee since  
            there is absolutely no nexus between certified certificates  
            and domestic violence prevention.

          A tax does require a two-thirds vote of the Legislature or of  
          local voters; however, a bona fide regulatory fee does not.   
          (Cal. Const. art. XIII , sec. 3.)  The California Supreme Court  
                                                                      



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          laid out the distinction between a fee and a tax in Sinclair  
          Paints v. Board of Equalization (1997) 15 Cal.4th 866.  In order  
          to be classified as a regulatory fee and not a tax, the Court  
          held that the fee must not exceed the reasonable cost of  
          providing the services necessary for which the fee is charged,  
          and must not be levied for an unrelated revenue purpose.  

          Domestic violence affects families across all economic,  
          educational, age, and ethnic lines, and has spillover effects  
          that can impact the community as a whole.  As previously stated,  
          the fees that would be authorized pursuant to this bill would  
          specifically be used to fund governmental oversight and  
          coordination of domestic violence and family violence  
          prevention, intervention, and prosecution efforts.  The fees  
          would not be used for general revenue purposes, rather to assist  
          the county in providing services to individuals and families in  
          the community.  Further, there is no indication that the fees  
          which would be levied in this bill are excessive.  Thus, it  
          appears that the fees authorized in this bill are regulatory  
          fees, and not special taxes.       

          Committee staff also notes that the fees authorized in this bill  
          and the specific uses of those fees are similar to a program in  
          Contra Costa County that the Legislature and the Governor made  
          permanent in 2006.  (SB 968 Torlakson, Chapter 635, Statutes of  
          2006.)


           Support  :  Youth Ventures; Berkeley City Council; 

           Opposition  :  Howard Jarvis Taxpayers Association

                                        HISTORY
           
           Source  :  Alameda County Family Justice Center; Alameda County  
          District Attorney's Office

           Related Pending Legislation  :  SB 635 (Wiggins) would authorize  
          Sonoma County, upon making specified findings and declarations,  
          to increase fees for marriage licenses, certified copies of  
          marriage certificates, and death records.  This bill contains a  
          sunset of January 1, 2015.

           Prior Legislation  :

          AB 2231 (Hayashi) of the 2007-2008 Legislative Session would  
                                                                      



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          have extended the sunset date for pilot programs in Alameda and  
          Solano Counties, and the City of Berkeley that authorizes  
          increased fees in specified vital records and marriage licenses  
          from January 1, 2010, to January 1, 2015.  This bill was vetoed  
          by the Governor.  
          AB 1712 (Hancock, Chapter 545, Statutes of 2005), authorized the  
          City of Berkeley to increase the fees for certified copies of  
          birth certificates, fetal death records, and death records by up  
          to $2.

          AB 2010 (Hancock, Chapter 830, Statutes of 2004), authorized  
          Alameda and Solano Counties to increase the fees for marriage  
          licenses, and for certified copies of marriage certificates,  
          birth certificates, fetal death records, and death records.

          SB 425 (Torlakson, Chapter 90, Statutes of 2001), authorized a  
          pilot program in Contra Costa County, allowing the county to  
          provide governmental oversight and coordination of domestic  
          violence prevention, intervention, and prosecution efforts  
          within the county.

           Prior Vote  :

          Senate Local Government Committee (Ayes 3, Noes 2)
          Assembly Floor (Ayes 44, Noes 29)
          Assembly Judiciary Committee (Ayes 7, Noes 3)

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