BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 82
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          ASSEMBLY THIRD READING
          AB 82 (Evans)
          As Amended  June 1, 2009
          Majority vote 

           HUMAN SERVICES      7-0         JUDICIARY           10-0        
           
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          |Ayes:|Beall, Ammiano, Tom       |Ayes:|Feuer, Tran, Brownley,    |
          |     |Berryhill, Hall, Logue,   |     |Evans, Jones, Knight,     |
          |     |Portantino, Torres        |     |Krekorian, Lieu, Monning, |
          |     |                          |     |Nielsen                   |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |     |                          |     |                          |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
           APPROPRIATIONS      17-0                                        
           
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
          |Ayes:|De Leon, Nielsen,         |     |                          |
          |     |Ammiano,                  |     |                          |
          |     |Charles Calderon, Davis,  |     |                          |
          |     |Duvall, Fuentes, Hall,    |     |                          |
          |     |Harkey, Miller,           |     |                          |
          |     |John A. Perez, Price,     |     |                          |
          |     |Skinner, Solorio, Audra   |     |                          |
          |     |Strickland, Torlakson,    |     |                          |
          |     |Krekorian                 |     |                          |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |     |                          |     |                          |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
           SUMMARY  :  Establishes a pilot project in three counties,  
          operative until January 1, 2013, implementing requirements that  
          must be met before and after a juvenile court judicial officer  
          authorizes the administration of psychotropic medications to  
          children in foster care.  Specifically,  this bill  :

          1)Provides that the counties participating in the pilot project  
            are to be selected by the Department of Social Services (DSS),  
            must include one each from the northern, southern, and central  
            areas of the state, and must each have a population of less  
            than 2,500,000.

          2)Authorizes juvenile court judicial officers to make orders  
            regarding the administration of psychotropic medications to a  








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            child who has been removed from the physical custody of a  
            parent or guardian, pending adjudication as a dependent child.

          3)Requires physicians requesting authorization to administer  
            psychotropic medications to a dependent child, a child  
            awaiting adjudication as a dependent child, or a ward of the  
            court in foster care to have conducted an examination and to  
            include information on the child's medical history, the  
            probability of side effects of the medication, and a  
            description of recommended therapy in the request.

          4)Requires the juvenile court judicial officer, before  
            authorizing the administration of psychotropic medication, to  
            make findings that:

             a)   The child's caregiver has been informed, and the child  
               has been informed in an age and developmentally appropriate  
               manner, about the recommended medications, anticipated  
               benefits, possible side effects and any other recommended  
               treatment;

             b)   The child has been informed of his or her right to  
               request a hearing on the issue; and, 

             c)   A plan is in place for the physician to monitor the  
               medication, in consultation with the child's caregiver,  
               mental health care provider, and others as appropriate.  

          5)Requires that a dependent child or ward in foster care be  
            present in court for a hearing on the request to administer  
            psychotropic medications, unless the child waives the right to  
            attend after consulting with counsel or the court finds good  
            cause for his or her absence.

          6)Authorizes the court, in proceedings following orders  
            regarding administration of psychotropic medication to inquire  
            about:

             a)   The effectiveness and side effects of the medication,  
               the child's progress toward treatment goals, and any  
               changes recommended, as reported by the physician;

             b)   Any behavior changes and possible side effects observed  
               by individuals in regular contact with the child; and, 








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             c)   Any statements or concerns expressed by the child about  
               the medication.

          7)Requires the Judicial Council to adopt rules and forms to  
            implement the above provisions by July 1, 2010.  

          8)Requires DSS, after consultation with the Department of Mental  
            Health, to report to the Legislature regarding the findings of  
            the pilot project before July 1, 2013.

           EXISTING LAW  : 

          1)Defines psychotropic medication or drugs as those medications  
            administered for the purpose of affecting the central nervous  
            system to treat psychiatric disorders or illnesses.  Welfare  
            and Institutions Code (WIC) 369.5; 739.5.

          2)Authorizes only a juvenile court judicial officer to make  
            orders about the administration of psychotropic medications to  
            a child who was removed from his or parent's custody and  
            declared a dependent of the court, unless the court issues a  
            specific order delegating that authority to a parent or  
            guardian after making specified findings.   Id.  

          3)Requires that the juvenile court's authorization to administer  
            psychotropic medications be based on a physician's request  
            which includes the reasons for the request, a description of  
            the child's diagnosis and behavior, the expected results of  
            the medication, and a description of any side effects of the  
            medication.   Id.  

          4)Provides that judicial officers have 7 days to approve or deny  
            the request, or to set the matter for a hearing upon request  
            by the parent, legal guardian, or child's attorney.   Id.  

          5)Defines prescribing, dispensing, or furnishing dangerous drugs  
            without an appropriate prior examination and a medical  
            indication as unprofessional medical conduct, except as  
            specified.  Business and Professions Code Section 2242.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Assembly Appropriations  
          Committee, annual costs likely in the range of $500,000  
          ($250,000 GF) for the workload associated with three counties  








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          conducting the pilot project and the final report by DSS.

           COMMENTS  :  

           Purpose of this bill  :  The author summarizes the goal of this  
          bill as the creation of additional safeguards in the court  
          approval process for requests to administer psychotropic  
          medication to foster youth.  According to the author,  
          psychotropic medications can be a key component of effective  
          treatment for conditions affecting some foster youth.  However,  
          the author also notes that in 2006 testimony ". . . some youth  
          reported being put on medications when they were very young--as  
          young as 4 or 5 years old--and remaining on various medications  
          for their entire childhoods.  Other youth described being  
          prescribed multiple medications at the same time. . . Youth  
          reported experiencing serious side effects--drowsiness, weight  
          gain, insomnia, drooling, facial tics, etc.--and receiving  
          little or no monitoring of the effectiveness of their  
          medications. . .  Other foster youth on medication indicated  
          that they did not receive effective therapy and/or behavioral  
          interventions that could have reduced or eliminated the need for  
          medication. . ."   

           Additional background on the use of psychotropic medications  :   
          There is little to no aggregated data on the scope of the use of  
          psychotropic medication for youth in the California foster care  
          system.  While some studies and articles document experts'  
          concerns about inappropriate or over-medication of children in  
          foster care, others raise concerns about the potential for  
          under-medicating youth who might benefit from psychotropic  
          medications.  In general, there is not consensus about the  
          efficacy or appropriate level of usage of psychotropic  
          medications for children in the population at large or for  
          children in foster care.

           Prior legislation  :  Existing provisions regarding juvenile court  
          authority to make orders about the administration of  
          psychotropic medications to foster children were added by SB 543  
          (Bowen), Chapter 552, Statutes of 1999, in response to concerns  
          about potential overuse of psychotropic medication for children  
          in foster care and the inappropriateness of allowing parents  
          whose children were removed to consent to the use of such  
          medications (unless the juvenile court specifically determined  
          that they should have such authority).  The timeframe in which  








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          the court must approve, deny or set a hearing about a request  
          was created by AB 2502 (Keene), Chapter 329, Statutes of 2004.  

          Parallel provisions regarding court authority to make orders  
          about the administration of psychotropic medications to a ward  
          of the court who is removed from the physical custody of a  
          parent and placed into foster care were added by AB 1514 (Maze),  
          Chapter 120, Statutes of 2007.  According to the Assembly  
          analysis for Concurrence in Senate Amendments to AB 1514, the  
          Department of Social Services sponsored that bill to remedy  
          disparities between the way wards in foster care and dependents  
          in foster care may be prescribed psychotropic medications.  

          AB 2117 (Evans) of 2008, which was held in the Senate  
          Appropriations Committee, contained provisions similar to the  
          provisions of this bill.  
           

          Analysis Prepared by  :    Eric Gelber / HUM. S. / (916) 319-2089 

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