BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 115
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          Date of Hearing:   March 17, 2009

                            ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON HEALTH
                                  Dave Jones, Chair
                  AB 115 (Beall) - As Introduced:  January 14, 2009
           
          SUBJECT  :   Adult Health Coverage Expansion Program.

           SUMMARY  :   Revises the Adult Health Coverage Expansion Program  
          (AHCEP) in Santa Clara County, authorized pursuant to AB 12  
          (Beall), Chapter 677, Statutes of 2007, for the purpose of  
          allowing AHCEP to provide health care coverage products to the  
          spouses, domestic partners, and eligible children of program  
          enrollees, as specified.  Specifically,  this bill  :

          1)Authorizes the local initiative in Santa Clara County, for  
            purposes of the AHCEP, to offer a "complementary product"  
            which provides coverage for a spouse, domestic partner, or the  
            eligible dependent children of a program enrollee, authorizes  
            the complementary product to provide coverage of different  
            health care services than are covered for eligible employees  
            in AHCEP, and to have different eligibility criteria than the  
            employee coverage.

          2)Exempts the complementary product from the following  
            requirements imposed on all health plans and health insurers  
            offering coverage to small employers in firms of 2-50  
            employees:

             a)   The requirement that health plans fairly and  
               affirmatively offer and market to all small employers in  
               firms of 2-50 employees all of the products and policies  
               the health plan offers to any small employer or to  
               associations of small employers.  Exemption from this  
               requirement allows AHCEP to market and offer the program,  
               or any complementary product, only to small businesses who  
               meet the eligibility requirements for AHCEP (as proposed in  
               this bill, at least 25% of employees are low-income adults,  
               as specified, age 19-64, and work for the employer more  
               than 20 hours per week);

             b)   The prohibition from a health plan or solicitor inducing  
               or encouraging a small employer to exclude from coverage an  
               otherwise eligible employee in the firm; and,









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             c)   The requirement that health plans establish uniform  
               participation requirements across all small employer firms.  
                Participation requirements are optional requirements  
               health plans may impose on small employers seeking coverage  
               that a specific percentage of a firm's workers enroll with  
               the respective health plan in order for the health plan to  
               be willing to provide coverage for the small employer firm.

          3)Clarifies that the exemption from California's small employer  
            health care coverage requirements in #2 above applies only to  
            the pilot, and the complementary product authorized by this  
            bill, and only to the Santa Clara County local initiative.

          4)Changes from 35% to 25% the percent of employees in a small  
            business who must be earning less than 350% of the federal  
            poverty level (FPL) ($37,905 for one person in 2009) in order  
            for the small business to be able to participate in AHCEP, and  
            eliminates the requirement in the existing authorizing law for  
            AHCEP that at least 50% of employees meet all employee  
            eligibility criteria; 

          5)Makes binding, and applies to dependents, the requirement that  
            the local initiative not limit or exclude coverage for any  
            eligible employee or dependent by type of illness, treatment,  
            medical condition, or accident, except for preexisting  
            conditions permitted under the existing law related to  
            coverage for small employers.

          6)Limits the requirement that the AHCEP, or any complementary  
            product offered to dependents, be guaranteed renewable,  
            authorizing Santa Clara County to drop from coverage  
            participating employers if the local initiative ceases to  
            offer the AHCEP pilot program.

          7)Authorizes AHCEP to include within what is considered to be  
            the premiums paid to the health plan the value of  
            hospital-based services provided to program enrollees and  
            apportioned to the employee. 

          8)Deletes the existing law applicable to the AHCEP which  
            requires premiums and copayments for the program to be  
            established in a manner substantially similar to the Healthy  
            Families Program.

          9)Prohibits the use of state General Fund monies for funding of  








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            AHCEP or any related complementary products.

          10)Expresses legislative intent that the exemptions provided in  
            this bill for AHCEP only apply to AHCEP and products  
            authorized in this bill.

          11)Makes related technical and conforming changes.

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Establishes the AHCEP, a pilot project administered by the  
            Medi-Cal local initiative in Santa Clara County, to provide  
            health care coverage to 5,000 or more low-income adults who  
            reside in Santa Clara County and who are employed in specified  
            small Santa Clara County firms and businesses.  For purposes  
            of AHCEP:

             a)   Defines "small business" to mean an entity located in  
               Santa Clara County that employs 50 or fewer persons, with  
               at least 35% of the employees earning less than 350% FPL  
               for a family size of one, and that has not offered health  
               care coverage to its employees for the past 12 months,  
               provided that the provisions of any such prior coverage  
               required the employer to contribute at least 50% of the  
               total amount of the premium for that coverage.  Includes  
               individual franchise outlets within the definition of a  
               small business.  Eligible employees must work for the  
               employer at least 20 hours per week;

             b)   Requires that at least 50% of the employees of an  
               otherwise eligible small business meet the individual  
               employee eligibility requirements for the program, that at  
               least 50% of those eligible employees choose to receive  
               coverage through the program in order for the small  
               business to qualify to participate in the program, and  
               excludes from eligibility dependents of an eligible  
               employee;

             c)   Requires that all health care services under the program  
               be provided by a provider operated by the county, or with  
               whom the county or local initiative has contracted to  
               provide health care services, except for emergency or  
               out-of-area care, or instances in which a required  
               specialized service is not contracted for by the county or  
               the local initiative; 








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             d)   Authorizes AHCEP to utilize premium subsidies for  
               eligible employees, as specified, and requires the county  
               and local initiative to negotiate discounted rates for  
               services provided to AHCEP participants by providers  
               operated by the county or by providers contracted with the  
               county to provide health care services.

          2)Establishes the Medi-Cal program, administered by Department  
            of Health Care Services (DHCS), which provides comprehensive  
            health benefits to low-income children, their parents or  
            caretaker relatives, pregnant women, elderly, blind or  
            disabled persons, nursing home residents, and refugees who  
            meet specified eligibility criteria.  Currently, adults may be  
            eligible for full scope Medi-Cal under the following  
            categories: parents (with incomes up to 100% FPL); medically  
            needy/indigent (up to 75% FPL); and, aged and disabled (up to  
            127% FPL).

          3)Defines "local initiative" to mean a prepaid health plan that  
            is organized by, or designated by, a county government or  
            county governments, or organized by stakeholders of a region  
            designated by DHCS, to provide comprehensive health care to  
            eligible Medi-Cal beneficiaries.  

          4)Requires all health plans and health insurers offering health  
            coverage to employers of 2-50 employees to issue that coverage  
            without any exclusion based on medical underwriting, requires  
            renewal of all coverage for small employers, at the option of  
            the small employer, as specified, and restrains the ability of  
            plans and insurers to set initial and renewal premiums, within  
            specified "rate bands," based on the health status,  
            occupation, or claims experience of the employees of a small  
            employer.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Senate Appropriations Committee  
          analysis of a similar bill last year, AB 1057 (Beall),  
          regulatory and administrative duties and special fund costs to  
          the Department of Managed Health Care (DMHC) of $9,000 for  
          half-year costs in the first year and $17,000 for full year  
          costs, to be paid for through the Managed Care Fund.  

           COMMENTS  :

           1)PURPOSE OF THIS BILL  .  This bill makes changes to the AHCEP  








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            pilot program as passed by the Legislature in AB 12 (Beall).   
            AHCEP will provide health care coverage to the low-income  
            eligible employees of small businesses in Santa Clara County,  
            not to exceed 5,000 employees in the county.  AHCEP will be  
            administered by the local initiative in Santa Clara County,  
            Santa Clara Family Health Plan (SCHFP).  The County of Santa  
            Clara is planning to provide hospital-based services to  
            program enrollees through county-operated public hospitals.   
            According to the author, these changes are needed because AB  
            12 did not provide for coverage of dependents in AHCEP.  The  
            AHCEP has not been implemented to date, but, according to the  
            author's office is in the final stages of approval by DMHC and  
            should be operational sometime this summer.

           2)BACKGROUND  .  According to the California Employer Health  
            Benefits Survey, a joint product of the California HealthCare  
            Foundation (CHCF) and the National Opinion Research Center, in  
            2008, the number of workers with health coverage varied  
            significantly by employer size, with only 7% of workers in  
            firms with less than 10 employees covered; 17% in firms with  
            10-49 employees; and, 16% in firms with 50-199 employees.  By  
            contrast, 47% of workers in firms over 1,000 were covered.  

           3)SANTA CLARA COUNTY  .  This bill permits Santa Clara County or  
            its local initiative to administer the program.  The local  
            initiative for Santa Clara County is the SCHFP, a Knox-Keene  
            licensed health plan that currently provides coverage under  
            Medi-Cal, Healthy Families, Healthy Kids, and Medicare.   
            Compared to California statewide averages, Santa Clara County  
            has a similar proportion of both uninsured residents and those  
            covered by job-based coverage.  Nonetheless, a significant  
            number of Santa Clara County adults with incomes below 300%  
            FPL lack health insurance.  According to UCLA, at the time  
            they were surveyed in 2007, 31.6% of Santa Clara County adults  
            under age 65 with household incomes under 300% FPL  
            (approximately 114,000 people) were uninsured, while 38.2% had  
            job-based coverage.  As a comparison, this same population  
            statewide included 32.6% uninsured and 37.0% with job-based  
            coverage.  

           4)SMALL EMPLOYER ACCESS REFORMS  .  AB 1672 (Margolin), Chapter  
            1128, Statutes of 1992, establishes requirements for health  
            plans and health insurers providing health coverage to  
            employers with 2-50 employees.  AB 1672 establishes the right  
            of any small employer to buy any health insurance product from  








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            any carrier (guaranteed issue) and prohibits a carrier from  
            canceling such coverage just because of the claims experience  
            of the group members (guaranteed renewal).  AB 1672 limits a  
            carrier's ability to charge low rates to groups whose members  
            are in good health and high rates to groups with individuals  
            in poor health.  Premiums cannot vary by more than 10% above  
            or below a standard rate developed by each carrier, based on  
            allowable factors established in AB 1672, such as age, family  
            size and geography.  

           5)SUPPORT  .  American Federation of State, County and Municipal  
            Employees, AFL-CIO supports this bill stating that it believes  
            in providing health care to all employees regardless of income  
            and argues that this bill will ensure that workers in small  
            businesses are able to access health care for themselves and  
            their families.  California Alliance for Retired Americans  
            supports this bill and specifically mentions in the letter of  
            support the elimination of any requirement of copayments for  
            AHCEP products proposed in this bill.

           6)PREVIOUS LEGISLATION  .  

             a)   AB 1057 (Beall) would have revised the AHCEP for the  
               purpose of allowing AHCEP to provide health care coverage  
               products to the spouses, domestic partners, and eligible  
               children of program enrollees, as specified.  AB 1057 was  
               substantially similar to this bill but was vetoed by  
               Governor Schwarzenegger.  The veto message read:

                    This bill would expand coverage to the uninsured in  
                    Santa Clara county using federal funds that are only  
                    available for three years.  This program is not  
                    sustainable and represents a piecemeal approach to a  
                    larger problem.  The larger problem can only be solved  
                    with comprehensive health care reform that promotes  
                    prevention, covers all Californians, contains cost and  
                    shares responsibility.  I cannot support a bill that  
                    only covers a fraction of a problem requiring far  
                    larger solutions.

             b)   AB 12 establishes the AHCEP, a pilot project to be  
               administered by the Medi-Cal local initiative in Santa  
               Clara County, to provide health care coverage to 5,000 or  
               more low-income adults who reside in Santa Clara County and  
               who are employed in specified small Santa Clara County  








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               firms and businesses.  

             c)   AB 1672 (Margolin) establishes requirements for health  
               plans and health insurers providing health coverage to  
               employers with 2-50 employees.  

           7)POLICY QUESTIONS  .  

              a)   Target population  .  According to the author of this  
               bill, the AHCEP is intended to provide coverage for  
               uninsured low-income employees of small businesses.  The  
               sponsor, SCFHP, states that the County is willing to  
               provide discounts or subsidies through its public hospital  
               system to make the coverage affordable, but states this  
               bill is needed to exempt this special coverage from having  
               to be sold to all small employers in the area.   Given the  
               goal of AHCEP, insuring low-wage workers, what is the  
               rationale for reducing from 35% to 25% the number of  
               employees in a small business that must be low income in  
               order for the business to participate in AHCEP  ?  

              b)   Different product for dependents  .   This bill permits  
               AHCEP to offer different products, with different coverage,  
               for dependents of the employees enrolled in the program,  
               and to have different eligibility and participation  
               requirements.  According to the sponsor, this is necessary  
               to offer dependents a product the County will not be  
               subsidizing.   Does the coverage need to be an entirely  
               different benefit plan, with different participation and  
               eligibility requirements, or just a different price, one  
               plan priced with a subsidy and one plan priced without?   
               The author may wish to clarify how this will work and what  
               is intended to be the differences in the products.
              
           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          Santa Clara Family Health Plan (sponsor)
          American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees,  
          AFL-CIO
          California Alliance for Retired Americans

           Opposition 
           








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          None on file.
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Deborah Kelch / HEALTH / (916) 319-2097