BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    







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        |Hearing Date:June 8, 2009          |Bill No:AB                         |
        |                                   |124                                |
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                      SENATE COMMITTEE ON BUSINESS, PROFESSIONS 
                               AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
                         Senator Gloria Negrete McLeod, Chair

                         Bill No:        AB 124Author:Galgiani
                    As Introduced:     January 15, 2009Fiscal:  No

        
        SUBJECT:    Cemeteries: temporary manager.
        
        SUMMARY:  Urgency measure authorizing a court of competent  
        jurisdiction to appoint a temporary manager to manage the property and  
        service prepaid interments of a licensed cemetery, if the court finds  
        that a cemetery manager has ceased to perform his or her duties, as  
        specified; permits the court to authorize reasonable compensation to  
        the temporary manager to be made from the income from the cemetery's  
        trust funds, as specified.

        Existing law:

   1)Licenses and regulates approximately 200 certificates of authority  
          (cemeteries), and 340 cemetery managers by the Cemetery and Funeral  
          Bureau (Bureau) within the Department of Consumer Affairs.  Provides  
          for the Bureau to also license and regulate funeral establishments,  
          funeral directors, embalmers, crematories, crematory managers,  
          cemetery brokers, cemetery salespersons, and cremated remains  
          disposers.

   2)Exempts from the Bureau's jurisdiction specified types of cemeteries,  
          including: religious, public, and district cemeteries.

   3)Defines a "cemetery manager" as a person engaged in the maintenance,  
          operation, or improvement of a licensed cemetery, and involved in  
          the interring of human remains, and the care, preservation, and  
          embellishment of cemetery property.

   4)Requires every licensed cemetery to employ a licensed cemetery manager to  
          manage, supervise and direct its operations.






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   5)Prohibits a person from engaging in the business of, acting as, or  
          advertising as a cemetery or crematory manager without a license  
          from the Bureau.

   6)Authorizes the Bureau to revoke the license of any cemetery licensee and  
          the certificate of authority of any cemetery when certain conditions  
          are met, as specified.

   7)Authorizes the Bureau to serve as conservator of cemetery endowment care  
          funds under specified circumstances.

        

        This bill:

          1)   Authorizes a court of competent jurisdiction to appoint a  
          temporary manager to manage the property and service prepaid  
          interments of a licensed cemetery, if the court finds that a  
          cemetery manager has ceased to perform his or her duties.

          2)   Requires the temporary manager to be a licensed cemetery  
          manager.

          3)   Confers upon the appointed manager the same powers and  
          duties as a licensed cemetery manager, as provided for in law,  
          and provides that the temporary manager shall serve for a  
          limited term not to exceed six months, or until a new licensed  
          manager has been hired.

          4)   Authorizes the court to authorize payment of reasonable  
          compensation for the temporary manager's services.  The  
          compensation shall be paid from available income in the  
          cemetery's endowment care funds, and if appropriate, from the  
          special care funds.

          5)   Would take effect immediately as an urgency measure. 


        FISCAL EFFECT:  This bill has been keyed non-fiscal by Legislative  
        Counsel.

        COMMENTS:
        
         1.Note  :  Last Year's AB 1816 (Galgiani).  This bill is a  
          reintroduction of last year's 
        AB 1816 by the same Author which passed this Committee on a vote  





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          of 9-0.  The bill was ultimately vetoed by the Governor stating,  
          "This bill is unnecessary because the courts already maintain  
          and have exercised authority to appoint temporary cemetery  
          managers when circumstances warrant."

        2.Purpose.  This bill is sponsored by the Author to ensure continual  
          up-keep of private cemeteries when a cemetery is abandoned or  
          neglected by an owner.  The Author states that the bill will  
          authorize the appointment of a licensed temporary manager in these  
          dire situations to care for and maintain the cemetery property.  The  
          Author believes this is a common sense measure that will make  
          certain that California's deceased loved ones are treated with  
          dignity and respect.

        3.Background.  This bill is the result of deteriorated conditions and  
          corresponding public discontent at Evergreen Memorial Park and  
          Funeral Home (Evergreen) located in Merced, a cemetery in the  
          Author's district.  A January 2008 article in the Merced Sun-Star  
          chronicled the troubled history of this cemetery, which surrendered  
          its license to the Bureau in June 2007.  Without this license,  
          cemetery operations cannot be carried out, nor can the cemetery  
          conduct new business.  The property had been in foreclosure since  
          October 2007, and public auction of the property had been postponed  
          at least three times.  Since the cemetery is privately owned, the  
          city and county are limited in their ability to intervene, according  
          to the Author.  The Author states that the conditions are so poor  
          and dilapidated that there are sinking graves, broken headstones,  
          litter and unkempt grounds in the cemetery.

        The Author states, "Although Assembly Bill 124 was inspired by events  
          in the 17th Assembly District, this is a statewide issue.  There are  
          privately-owned cemeteries across California, and what has occurred  
          to the Evergreen Memorial Park and Funeral Home in my district has  
          transpired in other jurisdictions and the current law provides  
          insufficient recourse.  My bill will rectify this situation."

        4.Cemetery Endowment Care Funds and Care of Cemeteries.  The law  
          requires each cemetery owner, with specified exceptions, to  
          establish, maintain, and operate an endowment care fund (ECF) and  
          specifies that the principal of the ECF must be invested and the  
          income may only be used for care, maintenance and embellishment of  
          the cemetery.  The law requires that when interment property is  
          sold, the cemetery must deposit specified minimum amounts into its  
          ECF.  

        The law requires the owner of the cemetery (termed "cemetery  





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          authority") to appoint either a board of trustees, or a bank or  
          trust company (institutional trustee) as trustee over the ECF.  A  
          board of trustees or institutional trustee has fiduciary authority  
          over the endowment care funds and is responsible for investing the  
          funds in such a way that the funds will earn revenues for the care,  
          maintenance and embellishment of the cemetery.  The ECF trustee  
          authorizes expenditures from the earnings of the fund to care for  
          the cemetery.

        When there is no board of trustees, or if the integrity of the ECF is  
          in jeopardy, the Bureau may take action, which is ultimately secured  
          through an order of the Superior Court, to seize and take possession  
          of the ECF.  In some circumstances, the Bureau may also order the  
          cemetery authority to appoint an institutional trustee over the ECF.

        Caring for a cemetery that has been abandoned or for which there is no  
          longer a cemetery license has been a problematic issue for a number  
          of years.  When there is an ECF that is sufficiently large enough to  
          generate an appropriate amount of income, the trustees of the ECF  
          could arguably authorize expenditures from the income for care of  
          the cemetery grounds.  However, institutional trustees (banks and  
          trust companies) have been reluctant over the years to authorize  
          such expenditures.  

        Furthermore, a local government such as a city or county, based upon  
          its charter, ordinance or inherent police power, may exercise its  
          authority to address public health, safety, or welfare issues in  
          connection with a cemetery within its jurisdiction.  In such cases,  
          if the Bureau holds the ECF, the city or county could be reimbursed  
          for its costs from the ECF income.

        It is the understanding of Committee staff from background information  
          submitted by the Author that the Evergreen Cemetery in Merced, the  
          specific focus of this bill, has an ECF of about $400,000 that is  
          held by a bank as the ECF trustee.

        While it appears that the city or county may have the authority to  
          perform some care at the cemetery under its general powers, the  
          reality often is that local governments are reluctant to take action  
          in such cases.  Institutional trustees are also usually reluctant to  
          authorize expenditures for cemetery maintenance when there is not a  
          current cemetery license.  In such situations it is essential for  
          cooperative and collaborative efforts to be made among members of  
          the public, the local authorities, the cemetery owner, the ECF  
          trustee, and the Bureau.  This measure is intended to facilitate  
          solutions to these kinds of difficult situations where a cemetery  





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          has been left to fall into disrepair and neglect by authorizing a  
          court to appoint a qualified individual to care for the cemetery and  
          conduct burials that have already been paid for by customers.

        In light of the discussion above, it is important to clarify that the  
          cemetery manager does not administer the ECF.  It is the ECF  
          trustees (whether a board of trustees appointed by the cemetery  
          authority, or a bank or trust company) that manages the trust funds  
          and authorizes any expenditures from the trust fund earnings.  The  
          cemetery manager may request funds from the ECF trustees for  
          cemetery care and maintenance, but the trustees are ultimately  
          responsible for making fiscal decisions on spending the ECF  
          earnings.

        5.Prior Legislation.   SB 1135 (Ducheny, Chapter 545, Statutes of 2008)   
          increases the minimum amounts an endowment care cemetery is required  
          to have deposited in its endowment care fund. 

         AB 1911 (Galgiani, Chapter 490, Statutes of 2008)  requires a managing  
          funeral director, cemetery manager, crematory manager, or cemetery  
          broker to notify the Bureau if an employee or prospective employee  
          has had a license or registration from the Bureau revoked or  
          suspended, as specified.  Provides a civil penalty of $2,500 to  
          $25,000 for knowingly making a false statement to the Bureau  
          regarding a transfer of cemetery ownership.

         SB 1490 (Ducheny, Chapter 401, Statutes of 2006)  requires the Bureau  
          to adopt regulations that establish minimum standards of maintenance  
          for endowment care cemeteries under its jurisdiction, and requires  
          the Bureau to disclose specific information about cemeteries on its  
          Internet site.

        6.Policy Issue:  Licensed Cemetery.  According to the Author, this  
          bill was prompted by issues brought about by Evergreen Cemetery in  
          Merced.  According to newspaper reports, the cemetery surrendered  
          its license to the Bureau in June 2007.  The bill would authorize a  
          court to "appoint a temporary cemetery manager to manage the  
          cemetery property and service the prepaid interments of the licensed  
          cemetery."  In its current form, it would appear that the bill would  
          not authorize a court to appoint a temporary manager at Evergreen  
          Cemetery because the cemetery no longer has a license from the  
          Bureau.  Last year, AB 1816, referred to "private cemetery" instead  
          of "licensed cemetery."  

        The Author may wish to amend the bill to refer to the appointment of a  
          temporary manager at a "private" cemetery rather than a "licensed"  





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          cemetery.  
        
             On page 2, line 9, strike out "licensed" and insert:  private.

        5.Technical amendment.  Committee staff recommends the following  
          technical amendment.
        
             On page 2, line 17, after "terminate" insert:  the
        


        



        SUPPORT AND OPPOSITION:
        
         Support:   

        None received as of June 2, 2009.

         Opposition:  

        None received as of June 9, 2009.


        Consultant:G. V. Ayers