BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 125
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:   April 1, 2009

            ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC EMPLOYEES, RETIREMENT AND SOCIAL  
                                      SECURITY
                                 Ed Hernandez, Chair
                 AB 125 (De Leon) - As Introduced:  January 15, 2009
           
          SUBJECT  :   Retirement: California Employee Savings Program.

           SUMMARY  :   Creates the California Employee Savings Program  
          (CalESP), under the administration of the California Public  
          Employees' Retirement System (CalPERS) to provide retirement  
          savings opportunities to California's private sector employees.   
          Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)Establishes, under CalPERS, the CalESP intended to promote  
            greater retirement savings for California's private sector or  
            non-profit employees in a convenient, low-cost, and portable  
            manner.

          2)Requires CalPERS to offer one or more individual retirement  
            accounts or annuities (IRAs) or defined benefit plans to  
            eligible employees of participating employers.

          3)Specifies that participating employers and their eligible  
            employees are not members or participants of CalPERS and that  
            CalESP will not create a new public pension system.

          4)Provides the following authorizations to CalPERS in order to  
            initiate, implement, maintain, and administer the CalESP:

             a)   Employ staff.

             b)   Contract with private financial institutions, other  
               financial and service providers, consultants, third-party  
               administrators, and other professionals.

             c)   Collaborate and cooperate with private financial  
               institutions, service providers, business, financial,  
               trade, membership, and other organizations for design,  
               implementation, and administration of the program and to  
               provide maximum outreach to eligible employers and eligible  
               employees.

             d)   Cause administrative expenses to be paid from  








                                                                  AB 125
                                                                  Page  2

               contributions to, or investment returns or assets of the  
               program, except for expenditures that are provided for  
               through appropriations from the Legislature.

             e)   Facilitate compliance by the IRAs established under the  
               program with the Internal Revenue Code requirements,  
               including providing or arranging for assistance to plan  
               sponsors and individuals in complying with applicable law  
               and tax qualifications requirements in a cost-effective  
               manner.

             f)   Cause the IRA plans to be established in accordance with  
               best practices for retirement savings.

             g)   Seek to minimize costs by pooling small employers in  
               purchasing savings plans.

             h)   Arrange for pooling investment of assets of the IRA  
               plans in order to facilitate cost savings.

             i)   Provide educational materials relating to savings and  
               planning for retirement.

             j)   Provide information concerning tax credits to small  
               business owners, and those available to moderate and lower  
               income households.

             aa)  Submit progress and status reports to participating  
               employers and eligible employees.

             bb)  Determine the eligibility of employers, employees, or  
               other individuals.

             cc)  Create a process where employees who wish to participate  
               contact their employers to require them to forward the  
               contributions to the program.  This may include the ability  
               to use the Employment Development Department (EDD) system  
               currently used to collect payroll taxes.  EDD, if selected,  
               is required to forward the contribution to the IRA plan.

             dd)  Allow participating employers to contribute to the  
               account on behalf of employees, or to match employees'  
               contributions.

          5)Authorizes EDD, to charge a fee for any administrative costs  








                                                                  AB 125
                                                                  Page  3

            it incurs implementing or administering the program.

          6)Requires all program expenses and obligations to be funded by  
            its contributions, returns, and assets, except as the  
            Legislature may appropriate funds for this purpose.

          7)Requires CalPERS to keep separate and distinct any and all  
            programs, accounts, plans, or IRAs associated with CalESP and  
            prohibits any CalPERS defined benefit plan funds from being  
            used to implement or administer the CalESP.

          8)Requires CalPERS to seek all necessary approvals, rulings,  
            determinations, or confirmations from federal entities,  
            including the Internal Revenue Service (IRS), the United  
            States Department of Labor, and the Securities and Exchange  
            Commission (SEC), to ensure the CalESP IRAs adhere to all  
            federal requirements regulating the operation of retirement  
            plans and the offering, sale, or distribution of securities  
            under those plans.

          9)Prohibits any claim, tax lien, or other right of setoff from  
            applying to funds or assets of the CalESP, as specified.

          10)Indemnifies, from the General Fund, and holds harmless  
            CalPERS board members and employees, and investment managers  
            under contract with CalPERS, with regard to any decisions or  
            actions made in connection with the CalESP, as specified.

          11)Requires CalPERS to follow the process described below in  
            developing and implementing the program:

             a)   If adequate funding is made available, CalPERS will  
               conduct an economic feasibility study to determine whether  
               the necessary conditions for implementation can be met,  
               including, likely participation rates, participants'  
               comfort with various investment vehicles and degree of  
               risk, contribution levels, and the rate of account closures  
               and rollovers, and report its findings to the Legislature.

             b)   Upon completing study and reaching the conclusion that  
               the program is feasible, require CalPERS to request funding  
               for obtaining the necessary approvals and designing the  
               program, and report its findings to Legislature.

             c)   After completing the program design and obtaining the  








                                                                  AB 125
                                                                  Page  4

               necessary approvals, CalPERS will request funding to  
               implement the program either through a Budget Act  
               appropriation of from a nonprofit or private entity.

          12)Provides that the program may only be implemented if CalPERS  
            determines the following conditions are satisfied:

             a)   There is an adequate appropriation or loan under  
               appropriate terms and conditions to the CalESP  
               Administrative Fund sufficient to fund program development,  
               implementation, and administrative costs.

             b)   Approval is received from federal agencies such as the  
               IRS, the Department of Labor, and the SEC, as specified.

             c)   CalPERS obtains offers from well-qualified and  
               experienced financial service providers to administer the  
               recordkeeping, investment, and compliance functions of any  
               IRA plan or arrangement offered under the program.

             d)   The program is self-sustaining.

          13)Requires CalPERS, upon determining that all the preconditions  
            necessary to implement the CalESP have been satisfied, to file  
            a report with the Legislature that includes information  
            regarding the expectations of the program, an outline of the  
            program, and details regarding the administration and  
            projected cost of the program.

          14)Requires CalPERS, if a determination is made that all the  
            preconditions cannot be met, to not implement the program and  
            to file a report with the Legislature that includes the  
            details supporting its conclusion, including the legal,  
            financial, regulatory, and administrative considerations and  
            obstacles, and actions taken to address those concerns. The  
            report must also include suggested changes that CalPERS  
            believes would make it feasible to implement the program.

          15)Requires CalPERS, upon implementation of the program, to  
            provide annual reports to the Legislature on the status of the  
            program, including outreach, investments, and solvency.

          16)Requires CalPERS, if a determination is made that it is  
            necessary to suspend the CalESP, to submit a report to the  
            Legislature at least 90 days prior to the suspension.  The  








                                                                  AB 125
                                                                  Page  5

            report must include any conditional changes that could be made  
            by the Legislature in order to continue the program.

          17)Authorizes CalPERS to adopt regulations necessary to  
            implement the CalESP and exempts those regulations from the  
            rulemaking provisions of the Administrative Procedure Act.

          18)Requires CalPERS to report to the Legislature on the  
            feasibility of creating a defined benefit plan option  
            available to employers, only if the necessary funds are made  
            available through a budget appropriation, or sufficient funds  
            are provided by a nonprofit or private entity.

          19)Specifies that the CalESP will only become operative if  
            sufficient funds are appropriated in the Budget Act or the  
            necessary funds are made available through a nonprofit or  
            private entity.

           EXISTING FEDERAL LAW  provides for tax-qualified retirement plans  
          and individual retirement accounts or individual retirement  
          annuities by which private citizens can save money for  
          retirement.
           
          EXISTING STATE LAW  establishes CalPERS to provide pension and  
          health benefits to a variety of public employees, including  
          state, local agency, and classified school employees.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   Unknown

           COMMENTS  :   The following information was provided by the  
          author:

               Currently, more than 70 million American workers do not  
               participate in an employer-sponsored retirement savings  
               plan.  The numbers are more staggering for Californians.   
               Today, six million California employees, 41% of the state's  
               workforce, work at a job that does not offer a pension or a  
               retirement savings plan to supplement Social Security. 

               As a result, approximately 40% of today's baby boomers rely  
               on Social Security benefits for more than 90% of their  
               income.  However, Social Security payments alone, which  
               average to $1,081 per month in California, will not be  
               enough to sustain Californians in their retirement. This  
               lack of retirement savings may equate to a higher cost for  








                                                                  AB 125
                                                                  Page  6

               government services, as seniors without savings will be  
               more likely to require government assistance with housing,  
               medical care and other necessities. 

               Particularly, investments in savings accounts from small  
               business, low-income, and/or short-tenured and transferable  
               employees are exceptionally low.

               Only 48% of part-time workers participate in a retirement  
               savings plan.  Nearly 65% of low-income workers, those  
               earning less than $40,000, do not participate in employer  
               plans.

               Often, complexity and cost on administering retirement  
               systems prevent many small companies from creating  
               retirement plans for their employees.  A majority of firms  
               with fewer than 500 employees nationwide do not offer  
               retirement savings options.

               Moreover, though some workers may currently participate in  
               a retirement plan, if that worker moves into a new job with  
               a new business, they often lose access to that same plan.   
               The result is gap coverage.

               Workers today are spending more than they are saving,  
               relying more on credit, and thus accruing debt and risking  
               their future financial security.  Nationally, the personal  
               savings rate for individuals has fallen to 0.5% of one's  
               income for 2007.  At this rate, even with Social Security  
               benefits, Californians will not be able to afford  
               retirement.

               Our savings habits must change, and even a small monthly  
               contribution can create a great financial advantage for  
               Californians.  For example, if a 25 year-old saved $100 a  
               month, or $1,200 annually, with a 6.9% rate of return she  
               would have $233,474 at age 65.

               California workers need a seamless, lifelong retirement  
               savings system, providing them with the opportunity to  
               build their assets and help attain their financial  
               stability through a secure, portable savings account.  The  
               CalESP will create an option and system to do so,  
               supplementing existing savings options for its workers, at  
               no cost to taxpayers.  While a few states have begun  








                                                                  AB 125
                                                                  Page  7

               assessing these possibilities (e.g.,Washington, Illinois)  
               California would be the first state in the nation to  
               implement and provide this opportunity.

          Opponents state, "While we support efforts to help consumers  
          achieve greater financial literacy, we have many concerns with  
          establishing a state-run system offering Simple IRA plans and  
          IRAs for employees of small employers and the self-employed.  We  
          do not support the proposal in California to create state-run  
          Simple IRA plans or IRAs via CalPERS, as there is already a  
          competitive market among private providers of such portable  
          retirement solutions.  CalPERS would incur significant startup  
          costs that it can ill afford during this economic downturn.  It  
          is unrealistic to assert that fees on contributions and returns  
          or assets would be able to support the establishment and  
          administration of the program; rather, California taxpayers  
          would be forced to subsidize it.  CalPERS would need to hire  
          staff or consultants to replicate the work of advisors in the  
          private sector, otherwise the state-run Simple IRA plans and  
          IRAs would be offered as no-load-type versions to  
          unsophisticated first-time investors without the needed guidance  
          and education."

          Opponents conclude, "We believe a thorough and unbiased  
          compilation of the realistic and reasonable projected costs of  
          California state-run Simple IRA plans and IRAs, both initial and  
          ongoing, as well as the complications inherent in asking CalPERS  
          to offer such investment options to the private sector, is  
          needed prior to further legislative exploration of this  
          proposal.  We would also hope that any study results would be  
          required to come back before the Legislature for its  
          consideration before a new statutory program could become  
          enacted."

          This bill is similar to AB 2940 (De Leon) of 2008, which was  
          held in the Senate Appropriations Committee.  







           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   









                                                                  AB 125
                                                                  Page  8

           Support 
           
          New America Foundation (Sponsor)
          AARP (Co-sponsor)
          American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees
          California Communities United Institute
          City of Los Angeles
          Small Business California


           Opposition 
           
          Association of California Life and Health Insurance Companies
          National Association of Insurance and Financial Advisors of  
          California
          National Federation of Independent Business
          Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Karon Green / P.E., R. & S.S. / (916)  
          319-3957