BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  ACR 138
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          Date of Hearing:   March 16, 2010

                       ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON HIGHER EDUCATION
                              Anthony Portantino, Chair
                  ACR 138 (Nava) - As Introduced:  February 23, 2010
           
          SUBJECT  :   California Community Colleges: faculty.

           SUMMARY  :  States legislative intent that part-time and temporary  
          faculty receive comparable benefits and pay to that of full-time  
          faculty, and that the California Community Colleges (CCC)  
          increase the number of full-time tenured and tenure-track  
          faculty.  Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)Makes various statements regarding, among other things, the  
            increasing reliance on part-time faculty at public colleges,  
            the importance of improved faculty working conditions, and the  
            negative effect of Proposition 13 on revenues that support  
            public education.

          2)Resolves that the longstanding policy of the CCC Board of  
            Governors (BOG) that at least 75% of the hours of credit  
            instruction in the CCC be taught by full-time instructors  
            should be advanced and that each CCC district should develop  
            and adopt plans to meet the 75% goals.  

          3)Resolves that each CCC district should determine a minimum  
            salary goal for part-time and temporary faculty that is  
            prorated to the salaries of full-time tenured faculty with  
            comparable qualifications and that do comparable work, and  
            resolves that each CCC district should reduce the pay gap  
            between part-time and full-time employees by 15% each academic  
            year.

          4)Resolves that part-time or other non-tenure track faculty that  
            teach at least 40% of the number of hours per week of  
            full-time tenured or tenure-track faculty should be eligible  
            for the same health care benefits provided to tenured and  
            tenure-track faculty. 

          5)Resolves that each CCC district establish a process for  
            part-time and non-tenure track employees to receive  
            preferential notice of teaching assignments and preferential  
            consideration for attaining full-time tenure-track positions  
            after a probationary period.








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          6)Resolves that the implementation of all of the aforementioned  
            goals should be subject to a collective bargaining process  
            that includes the representatives of full-time and part-time  
            faculty serving at the institution.

           EXISTING LAW  requires the CCC BOG to adopt regulations regarding  
          the percent of credit instruction that shall be taught by  
          full-time faculty, and authorizes CCC districts with less than  
          75% full-time instructors to apply a portion of their  
          "program-improvement" funds toward reaching a 75% goal.   
          However, the state has since stopped providing  
          program-improvement funds, and the CCC BOG has since required  
          CCC districts to provide a portion of their growth funds to  
          hiring more full-time faculty. 

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  Unknown.  According to the Assembly  
          Appropriations Committee analysis of similar provisions  
          contained in previous resolutions, there is no direct fiscal  
          impact as a resolution does not carry the force of law.   
          However, significant costs are associated with the  
          implementation of the intent of this resolution, including about  
          $200 million to achieve the 75% goal, over $100 million to  
          achieve pay parity between full-time and part-time faculty, and  
          tens of millions to cover additional health insurance costs for  
          part-time faculty.

           COMMENTS  :   Background  :  For over 20 years, the Legislature has  
          considered various efforts to address the issue of CCC districts  
          hiring temporary (part-time) faculty members in lieu of  
          full-time faculty.  Much of the reason to utilize temporary  
          faculty is the lower costs associated with such faculty.  While  
          the issue remains a major area of debate, many believe students  
          are under-served by a lack of permanent faculty, who are more  
          accessible and may have more teaching expertise in core  
          curriculum.  Additionally, there are numerous equity concerns  
          surrounding temporary faculty.  Several studies on CCC temporary  
          faculty found that CCC districts pay temporary faculty  
          significantly less than full-time faculty performing the same  
          duties, and nearly half of temporary faculty reported not  
          receiving any type of benefits from their CCC district.  In  
          2008, 18,200 members of CCC teaching faculty were full-time  
          (tenure or tenure track) and 45,257 classified as temporary.  

           Purpose of this resolution  :  According to the sponsor, the  








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          California Federation of Teachers, part-time faculty are  
          compensated at significantly lower wages and benefits than  
          full-time faculty and too often lack basic supports such as paid  
          office hours.  The sponsor believes that pay and benefit  
          increases for part-time faculty and ensuring that these faculty  
          members have a process to become full-time faculty will allow  
          the CCC to better serve its student population. 

           Varying perspectives  :  There are varying perspectives  
          surrounding the current system of unequal compensation for  
          part-time faculty; some believe it causes negative consequences  
          that need to be addressed, while others suggest it represents an  
          appropriate balance of market conditions at the local level that  
          should not be tampered with.  Some argue that unequal  
          compensation creates a fiscal incentive to use more part-time  
          faculty with negative consequences for the quality of CCC  
          education.  Others argue that decisions about compensation  
          should continue to be determined through the collective  
          bargaining process at the local level based on market conditions  
          and fiscal considerations.  In the past, CCC districts have  
          expressed concern that using scarce funds to raise the pay of  
          part-time faculty could take funding away from educational  
          programs or prevent program growth and faculty expansion.

           Related legislation  :  AB 1892 (Mendoza), pending in this  
          Committee, expresses Legislative intent that commencing with the  
          2011-12 fiscal year, sufficient funds be appropriated to  
          reimburse CCC districts for the costs incurred from  
          participation in the Part-Time Community College Faculty Health  
          Insurance Program (Program), and makes related changes to  
          statutes establishing the Program.  AB 1807 (Fong), pending in  
          this Committee, requires a CCC district that hires temporary  
          employees to place those employees on a reemployment preference  
          list.   

          Previous legislation  :  AB 1095 (Hill), of 2009, which was held  
          in the Assembly Appropriations Committee, stated Legislative  
          intent that by the end of the 2013-14 fiscal year, 75% of the  
          hours of credit instruction be taught by full-time instructors.   
          ACR 31 (Ruskin), of 2009, which was held in the Assembly  
          Appropriations Committee and subsequently amended to a different  
          topic, was substantially similar to this resolution.  ACR 91  
          (Mendoza), of 2008, which was held in the Assembly  
          Appropriations Committee, was substantially similar to this  
          resolution.  AB 591 (Dymally), Chapter 84, Statutes of 2008,  








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          allows a CCC district to hire temporary part-time employees to  
          teach up to 67%, rather than 60%, of the hours per week that  
          constitute a regular full-time faculty assignment.  AB 1423  
          (Davis), held in the Assembly Appropriations Committee, would  
          have required CCC district academic salary schedules to be  
          uniform in application and effect.  AB 1343 (Mendoza), held in  
          the Assembly Appropriations Committee, would have required at  
          least 75% of full-time faculty on each campus of the California  
          State University and CCC be tenured or tenure-track by the  
          2014-2015 academic year.  

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          California Federation of Teachers 

           Opposition 
           
          None on File
           

          Analysis Prepared by  :    Laura Metune / HIGHER ED. / (916)  
          319-3960