BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 171
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          Date of Hearing:   March 31, 2009

                   ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON BUSINESS AND PROFESSIONS
                                 Mary Hayashi, Chair
                  AB 171 (Jones) - As Introduced:  January 29, 2009
           
          SUBJECT  :   Dental services:  credit.

           SUMMARY  :   Establishes requirements governing the arrangement of  
          credit cards and loans for dental services and prohibits a  
          dentist, or an employee or agent of a dentist, from charging to  
          a third party line of credit for services that have not been  
          rendered, or costs that have not been incurred, unless the  
          patient receives a list of treatment and services to be  
          rendered, including the estimated costs, and a written treatment  
          plan, as specified.  Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)Prohibits a dentist, or an employee or agent of a dentist,  
            from charging to an open-end third party line of credit, where  
            the credit is arranged for or established in the dental  
            office, for services that have not been provided or costs that  
            have not been incurred, unless the patient receives a list of  
            treatment and services to be rendered, the estimated costs of  
            such treatment and services, including those that will be  
            charged in advance, and a written treatment plan, as  
            specified.

          2)Requires the treatment plan to include the patient's private  
            or government estimated share of cost for each service if the  
            patient is covered by a private or government dental benefit  
            plan or dental insurance and the dentist agrees to be paid  
            directly by that plan.

          3)Requires the treatment plan to disclose that the treatment may  
            or may not be covered by a patient's dental benefit or dental  
            insurance plan if the dentist does not agree to be paid  
            directly by that plan and to indicate that the patient has the  
            right to confirm his or her dental benefit or insurance  
            coverage before beginning treatment.

          4)Requires a dentist to refund to the lender within 15 business  
            days of a patient's request any payment received for services  
            that have not been provided or costs that have not been  
            incurred when made through third party credit where the credit  
            is arranged for or established in the dental office.








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          5)Prohibits a dentist, or his or her employee or agent, from  
            arranging for or establishing third party credit for a patient  
            unless the dentist, or his or her employee or agent, provides  
            a written notice containing specified disclosures regarding  
            credit for dental services to the patient and obtains the  
            patient's signature.

          6)Prohibits a dentist, or his or her employee or agent, from  
            arranging for or establishing third party credit for a patient  
            whose primary language is a non-English Medi-Cal threshold  
            language unless the disclosure notice is provided in that  
            language.

          7)Prohibits a dentist, or his or her employee or agent, from  
            arranging for or establishing third party credit for a patient  
            who has been administered or is under the influence of general  
            anesthesia, conscious sedation, or nitrous oxide.

          8)Permits a patient who suffers any damage as a result of the  
            use or employment by any person of a method, act, or practice  
            that willfully violates this bill to seek relief under the  
            Consumer Legal Remedies Act.

          9)Defines "open-end credit" as credit extended by a creditor  
            under a plan in which the creditor reasonably contemplates  
            repeated transactions, the creditor may impose a finance  
            charge from time to time on an outstanding unpaid balance, and  
            the amount of credit that may be extended to the debtor during  
            the term of the plan (up to any limit set by the creditor) is  
            generally made available to the extent that any outstanding  
            balance is repaid.

           EXISTING LAW  prohibits unfair methods of competition and unfair  
          or deceptive acts or practices in the sale or lease of goods or  
          services.  Allows a consumer who suffers any damage as a result  
          of unfair methods of competition and unfair or deceptive acts or  
          practices to bring an action to recover damages, as specified.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   Unknown

           COMMENTS  :    

           Purpose of this bill  .  According to the author's office, "AB 171  
          is sponsored by the Western Center on Law and Poverty (WCLP) in  








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          response to numerous complaints that its office has received  
          from elderly, low-income, and limited English-speaking consumers  
          who have fallen victim to credit cards for dental care without  
          adequate protections.  

          "AB 171 is not intended to prohibit dentists from helping to  
          arrange credit cards or loans for their patients but aims to set  
          forth basic standards governing these arrangements while  
          providing necessary consumer protections."

           Background  .  The sponsor of this bill, WCLP, maintains that  
          health care providers are increasingly offering to facilitate  
          loans for their patients to obtain medical services.   WCLP  
          points out that this bill is especially important in light of  
          the current economic climate in which low-income consumers are  
          increasingly facing foreclosures, check cashing abuses, and  
          other forms of predatory lending.  A WCLP representative noted,  
          "Both with the foreclosures and with these dental credit cards,  
          people are being convinced to take on more credit than they can  
          afford.  We have people who are living on a fixed income of  
          $1000 a month who are being signed up for $6000 in credit, and  
          there's no way they can make those payments." 

          According to WCLP, this bill responds to complaints that its  
          office received from consumers, primarily elderly, low-income,  
          and limited English-speaking patients, who received dental  
          services with out-of-pocket costs ranging from a few hundred to  
          thousands of dollars.  Typically, these patients thought they  
          were signing payment plans with their providers only to realize  
          when they started receiving credit card statements that they had  
          signed credit applications.  In addition, some consumers were  
          charged for future services they did not receive, and other  
          limited-English proficient consumers were given applications in  
          English that they did not understand.  

          CareCredit is one of the main sources for medical credit, with a  
          nationwide network of 100,000 providers offering the card.  A  
          July 2008 article in Consumer Reports indicates that other  
          medical credit card providers include CapitalOne Healthcare  
          Finance, Chase HealthAdvance, and CitiHealth Card.  

           Support  .  The California Dental Association writes, "Nearly half  
          of all American adults have no form of dental insurance.  For  
          those who do have insurance, their dental plans may not cover  
          all treatment they may need or want.  To help patients budget  








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          for these out-of-pocket costs without delaying their care, many  
          dentists make financing options available, including loans and  
          lines of credit offered by commercial lenders.

          "While most dentists and their patients report positive  
          experiences using these financing options, there are limited  
          reported incidents in which patients signed up for financing  
          products in dental offices without fully understanding the  
          product.  There have also been reports that patients did not  
          receive refunds for treatment they did not receive.  

          "AB 171 reflects the dental profession's commitment to  
          maintaining the trusting relationships between dentists and  
          their patients, including ensuring that patients understand the  
          treatment they receive and how the treatment costs will be  
          covered.  The provisions of AB 171 reflect standard ethical  
          business practices that protect consumers and uphold a positive  
          dentist-patient relationship."
           
           Related legislation  .  SB 1633 (Kuehl) of 2008 was an identical  
          bill that the governor vetoed.  The Governor vetoed a  
          substantial number of bills that year with the same message  
          that, due to the delay in passing the 2008-2009 State Budget, he  
          would only sign bills that were "the highest priority for  
          California."  SB 1633 was vetoed for this reason. 

           Double-referred  .  This bill is double-referred to Assembly  
          Judiciary Committee. 

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          Western Center on Law and Poverty (sponsor)
          California Dental Association
          California Immigrant Policy Center
          California Rural Legal Assistance, Inc.
          Congress of California Seniors
          Consumers Union
          Health Access California
          Health Rights Hotline
          Neighborhood Legal Services of Los Angeles County 

           Opposition 
           








                                                                  AB 171
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          None on file. 
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Sarah Huchel / B. & P. / (916) 319-3301