BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    






                                                       Bill No:  AB  
          177
          
                 SENATE COMMITTEE ON GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION
                       Senator Roderick D. Wright, Chair
                           2009-2010 Regular Session
                                 Staff Analysis



          AB 177  Author:  Ruskin
          As Amended:  June 2, 2010
          Hearing Date:  June 9, 2010
          Consultant:  Art Terzakis


                                     SUBJECT  
                                Public Contracts

                                   DESCRIPTION
           
          AB 177 increases and conforms penalties for persons who  
          falsely engage in activities relating to the Small Business  
          Procurement and Contract Act (Small Business Act),  
          including small businesses, microbusinesses, and disabled  
          veteran-owned business enterprises (DVBEs).  Specifically,  
          this measure:

          1.  Increases the current 3-year maximum suspension from  
            transacting any business with the State to10-years for  
            any person who obtains classification as a small business  
            or microbusiness by reason of having furnished incorrect  
            supporting information or withholding relevant  
            information.

          2.  Increases the current one year revocation period to  
            five years for a small business which has obtained  
            certification by reason of having furnished incorrect  
            information or withholding relevant information.  Also,  
            with respect to subsequent violations, increases the  
            period of certification revocation or suspension to ten  
            years instead of the current three year period.   
            Furthermore, stipulates that additional or subsequent  
            violations shall result in the revocation of the  
            business' seller's permit.





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          3.  Requires a business that has been found to have  
            fraudulently obtained classification as a small business  
            or microbusiness to pay the awarding department an amount  
            that is equal to the costs incurred for investigating the  
            improperly obtained certification. 

          4.  Increases existing civil penalties, as specified, for a  
            variety of fraudulent activities related to certified  
            small businesses.  Also, increases the existing  
            suspension and revocation time periods, relative to  
            fraudulent activities, to mirror those referenced in item  
            #1 and item #2 above. 

          5.   Adds a new provision to the Act that requires any  
            existing contract between any awarding department and  
            contractor to be terminated if the contractor knowingly  
            and fraudulently represents that a "commercially useful  
            function" is being performed by a small business or  
            microbusiness.  Also, provides that if a contractor is  
            found to be in violation of this provision, any existing  
            contract must be terminated and the State Controller must  
            withhold any payments to that contractor except for  
            outstanding invoices. 

          6.  Requires any person who violates specified fraudulent  
            activities to pay all costs incurred by the awarding  
            department and DGS for any investigation involving the  
            finding of the violation. 
            
          7.  With respect to the State's DVBE program, adds a new  
            provision to the Military and Veterans Code making it  
            unlawful to knowingly and fraudulently represents that a  
            "commercially useful function" is being performed by a  
            DVBE in order to obtain or retain a bid preference.   
            Also, provides that if a contractor is found to be in  
            violation of this provision, any existing contract must  
            be terminated and the State Controller must withhold any  
            payments to that contractor except for outstanding  
            invoices. 
            
          8.  Additionally, with respect to the DVBE program,  
            increases existing suspension and revocation penalties,  
            as specified. 

                                   EXISTING LAW





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           Under current law, the Department of General Services (DGS)  
          generally governs state procurement activities, including  
          acquisition of materials, supplies, and services.

          Under the State Contract Act and various provisions in the  
          Local Agency Public Construction Act, state and local  
          agencies awarding contracts are required to award the  
          contract to the lowest responsible bidder.

          Existing law establishes a preference for bids made by  
          certified small businesses and microbusinesses, including  
          providing a 5% preference for awards of state procurement  
          contracts where solicitations are made either on the basis  
          of lowest responsible dollar bid, or on the basis of  
          highest score, considering factors in addition to price.   
          Non-small businesses that subcontract at least 25% of their  
          contracts with small businesses may also qualify for the  
          small business bidder's preference.

          Existing law limits a single bid preference to $50,000.  In  
          instances where a small business qualifies for multiple bid  
          preferences, the preference cannot be greater than the bid  
          price or more than $100,000.  Application of the bid  
          preference is also prohibited from resulting in a bid which  
          exceeds the amount of funds appropriated by the  
          Legislature, as specified.

          Existing law imposes civil penalties and fines for  
          businesses that fraudulently obtain classification as a  
          small business or microbusiness.  Civil penalties cannot  
          exceed $5,000.  Also, existing law provides suspensions  
          from participation in state contracts for periods of not  
          less than 6 months and not more than 3 years.  In addition,  
          existing law requires DGS to revoke the small business  
          certification of a business found to have fraudulently  
          obtained certification for a period of not less than one  
          year.  For an additional or subsequent violation, the  
          period of certification revocation or suspension must be  
          extended for a period up to 3 years. 
          Under existing law, contracts awarded by state entities for  
          professional bond services, construction, and acquisition  
          of materials, supplies, and services are required to have  
          annual statewide participation goals of not less than 3%  
          for disabled veteran-owned business enterprises (DVBEs).  

          Existing law imposes civil penalties and fines for  




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          businesses that fraudulently obtain certification as a  
          DVBE.  Such violations are misdemeanors punishable by  
          imprisonment in the county jail not to exceed six months or  
          by a fine not to exceed $1,000, or by both. In addition,  
          existing law provides that the person shall be liable for  
          civil penalties of up to $30,000 for the first offense and  
          up to $50,000 for additional or subsequent violations.   
          Furthermore, existing law provides for certain periods of  
          revocation and suspension for such violations. 

                                    BACKGROUND
           
           Purpose of AB 177:   According to the author's office, this  
          measure is intended to address fraudulent behavior by  
          individuals and businesses who seek to improperly obtain or  
          retain small business and DVBE certification, bidding  
          preferences or participation in state contracts.  

          The author's office notes that testimony provided in  
          legislative hearings by DGS, small business groups and DVBE  
          advocates indicates that some current and prospective state  
          contractors have fraudulently represented that they are a  
          certified small business, DVBE, or that they will be  
          utilizing the services of a certified small business or  
          DVBE subcontractor.
           
          The author's office points out that in other reported  
          cases, individuals and businesses have made false  
          statements in order to assist an ineligible business to  
          become certified or to help them retain their improperly  
          obtained certification once the business is being  
          investigated by state officials.  Still other individuals  
          and businesses have fraudulently submitted bid packages  
          that commit to using a certified DVBE or small business,  
          but in actuality the subcontract is never let or the  
          contracted work is inconsequential and only included in  
          order to obtain a bid preference.
           
          The author's office claims that while existing law contains  
          penalties for contractors that fraudulently bid -  
          enforcement of these laws has been limited.  This measure  
          would substantially increase penalties for a variety of  
          fraudulent behaviors and extend existing periods of  
          revocation, including terms of suspension for participating  
          in state contracts.  The author's office emphasizes that  
          this measure would also create an enforcement incentive by  




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          authorizing awarding departments to be reimbursed for the  
          cost of successful investigations.  Additionally, the  
          measure would provide substantial deterrents to knowingly  
          and willingly make false representations. 
           
           Staff Comments:   This measure is nearly identical to AB  
          1942 (Ruskin) of 2008 which was vetoed.  The Governor's  
          veto message stated, "The historic delay in passing the      
                  2008-2009 State Budget has forced me to prioritize  
          the bills sent to my desk at the end of the year's  
          legislative session.  Given the delay, I am only signing  
          bills that are the highest              priority for  
          California.  This bill does not meet that standard and I  
          cannot sign it at this time."        
                            PRIOR/RELATED LEGISLATION
           
           AB 31 (Price) Chapter 212, Statutes of 2009.   Among other  
          things, increased from $100,000 to $250,000 the maximum  
          contract threshold for awards to small business, including  
          microbusinesses and DVBEs under a specific streamlined  
          procurement process.  

          AB 1942 (Ruskin) 2007-08 Session.   Nearly identical to AB  
          177 (Ruskin) of 2009-10 Session.  (Vetoed by Governor on  
          the basis that the historic delay in passing the 2008-09  
          Budget forced him to prioritize bills sent to his desk and  
          only sign bills of highest priority)
           
          AB 761 (Coto) Chapter 611, Statutes of 2007.   Required each  
          state agency awarding contracts that are financed with  
          proceeds from the infrastructure bonds approved by voters  
          in November 2006 to establish a 25% small business  
          participation goal for state infrastructure construction  
          contracts and to provide specified assistance to small  
          businesses bidding on state infrastructure bond-related  
          contracts.  
           
          SB 1008 (Machado) Chapter 632, Statutes of 2004.   Among  
          other things, strengthened the sanctions that can be levied  
          against businesses that fraudulently misrepresent their  
          eligibility for DVBE certification.   

          AB 669 (Cohn) Chapter 623, Statutes of 2004.   Among other  
          things, required DVBEs and small businesses, as defined, to  
          perform commercially useful functions, as defined, in  
          relation to any contract those businesses are awarded under  




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          certain provisions of law.  Also, imposed certain civil  
          penalties for fraudulent misrepresentations regarding DVBE  
          and small business state contracts.

           SUPPORT:   The Elite SDVOB Network

           OPPOSE:   None on file as of June 4, 2010.

           DUAL REFERRAL:   Senate Veterans Affairs Committee
           
          FISCAL COMMITTEE:   Senate Appropriations Committee

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