BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    






           SENATE TRANSPORTATION & HOUSING COMMITTEE       BILL NO: AB 210
          SENATOR ALAN LOWENTHAL, CHAIRMAN               AUTHOR:  Hayashi
                                                         VERSION: 2/2/09
          Analysis by: Mark Stivers                      FISCAL:  No
          Hearing date: June 16, 2009






          SUBJECT:

          Authority of local governments to adopt green building standards

          DESCRIPTION:

          This bill clarifies that cities and counties may amend state  
          green building standards if they make a finding that the  
          amendments are reasonably necessary because of local climatic,  
          geological, or topographical conditions.

          ANALYSIS:

          The California Building Standards Law establishes the California  
          Building Standards Commission (BSC) and the process for adopting  
          state building standards.  Under this process, relevant state  
          agencies propose amendments to model building codes, which the  
          BSC must then adopt, modify, or reject.  For example, the  
          Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) is the  
          relevant state agency for residential building standards.  The  
          Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development is  
          responsible for hospitals and clinics, and the Division of the  
          State Architect is the relevant agencies for schools and  
          emergency service buildings.  Not all buildings fall under the  
          jurisdiction of a relevant state agency.  Most commercial,  
          industrial, and manufacturing structures are considered "local  
          buildings," over which local governments may determine  
          applicable building standards.

          Under current law, cities and counties may amend state building  
          standards if they make a finding that the amendments are  
          reasonably necessary because of local climatic, geological, or  
          topographical conditions.

           This bill  clarifies that cities and counties may amend state  




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          green building standards if they make a finding that the  
          amendments are reasonably necessary because of local climatic,  
          geological, or topographical conditions.
          
          COMMENTS:

           1.Purpose of the bill  .  According to the author, with the  
            increased interest in green building design, some  
            jurisdictions have expressed a need for clarification that  
            they have the authority to adopt local green building  
            standards that are more stringent than those adopted by the  
            state.  Such clarification in statute will significantly  
            reduce the need for legal review and related costs for local  
            jurisdictions concerned that such authority may not exist.

           2.Current authority  .  Current law allows a city or county to  
            amend state building standards based on local climatic,  
            geological, or topographical conditions.  A number of local  
            governments have already adopted their own green building  
            standards using this exception to the general preemption.   
            None of these local standards has been challenged to date.   
            Were a legal challenge to occur, it is very unlikely that the  
            case would center on the ability of cities and counties to  
            amend green building standards (the subject of this bill),  
            because there is no dispute.  A green building standard is no  
            different from any other building standard, and local  
            authority to make changes or modifications is well  
            established.  As a result, this bill makes explicit but does  
            not alter the ability of local governments to adopt green  
            building standards.

            Were a legal challenge to a local green building standard to  
            be filed, the case would more likely center on the adequacy of  
            the findings generally or the "local" nature of the conditions  
            cited in the findings.  While global warming, a frequent  
            reason for adopting local green building standards, is clearly  
            a "climatic" condition and has local impacts, the impacts are  
            not necessarily unique to a particular locality.  At least one  
            Attorney General opinion, AG OP 55-157 (1972), however,  
            states, "It would therefore appear that 'local conditions' are  
            anything that the local board deems them to be and deems  
            serious enough to put in the public record as being a 'local  
            condition.'"  If a court were to follow this line of  
            reasoning, then it is likely that the court would uphold a  
            local government's amendment of green building standards based  
            on local climatic conditions.  




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           3.Previous legislation .  AB 2939 (Hancock) of 2008 would have  
            allowed cities and counties to amend state green building  
            standards without having to make a finding based on local  
            climatic, geological, or topographical conditions but rather  
            with a finding that the amendment is "reasonably necessary to  
            mitigate or address environmental conditions and that the cost  
            of the modification is reasonable and will not unreasonably  
            impact housing affordability."  In Governor Schwarzenegger's  
            veto message, he stated that the bill was overly far reaching  
            because it would have allowed local governments to make  
            wholesale changes to the state building code, even to  
            non-green building standards.  The governor instead encouraged  
            the Legislature to work on legislation that "provides the  
            absolute clarity that local governments can strengthen the  
            state's green building standards while maintaining  
            California's rigorous uniform statewide health and safety  
            standards."  This bill is an attempt to provide that clarity.
           
          4.Current status of state green building standards  .  In July  
            2008 the BSC adopted the first set of green building standards  
            for California.  HCD, the Division of the State Architect, the  
            Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development, and the  
            BSC itself developed these standards, which take effect August  
            1, 2009.  Many of the standards, especially with respect to  
            non-residential construction, are voluntary.  Those standards  
            that are mandatory in some cases reflect existing mandates.   
            In other words, this first round of proposed standards is not  
            especially strong.  Now that this first set of standards is in  
            place, however, these agencies are working on a more stringent  
            set of standards to be adopted in 2010.  Staff for the BSC  
            states that this second round will include a greater number of  
            mandated building features.  

           5.Double referral  .  The Senate Rules Committee has referred this  
            bill both to this committee and the Environmental Quality  
            Committee.  

          

          Assembly Votes:
               Floor:                            74-4
               NR&W:   8-0
               B&P:      11-0

          POSITIONS:  (Communicated to the Committee before noon on  




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          Wednesday, 
                     June 10, 2009)

               SUPPORT:       California Building Industry Association  
               (sponsor)
                         California State Council of Laborers (sponsor)
                         California State Pipe Trades Council (sponsor)
                         American Council of Engineering Companies of  
          California
                         Associated General Contractors
                         California Apartment Association
                         California Association of Realtors
                         California Business Properties Association
                         California Chamber of Commerce
                         California Forestry Association
                         California Manufacturers & Technology Association
                         City of Palm Desert
                         Elevator Constructors Union
                         International Association of Plumbing and  
          Mechanical Officials
                         Joint Labor Management Committee of the Forest  
          Products Industry
                         League of California Cities
                         South Bay Cities Council of Governments
                         State Association of Electrical Workers
                         Western States Council of Sheet Metal Workers

               OPPOSED:  None received.