BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    






                             SENATE JUDICIARY COMMITTEE
                           Senator Ellen M. Corbett, Chair
                              2009-2010 Regular Session


          AB 229 (Calderon)
          As Amended January 4, 2010
          Hearing Date: June 10, 2010
          Fiscal: No
          Urgency: No
          TW:jd
                    

                                        SUBJECT
                                           
          Uniform Principal and Income Act:  Trust Administration:  Income  
                                    and Payments

                                      DESCRIPTION 

          This bill, sponsored by the California Bankers Association,  
          would clarify that, when a separate fund payer does not provide  
          the value of the internal income of the separate fund to the  
          trustee and the trustee cannot otherwise determine the value of  
          the separate fund, the internal income of the separate fund is  
          deemed to equal the product of the interest rate and the present  
          value of the expected future payments.

                                      BACKGROUND  

          The Uniform Principal and Income Act of 1997, which prescribes  
          accounting rules regarding the net income of a trust, granted  
          powers to trustees to adjust between principal and income to the  
          extent the trustee considers necessary if the trustee invests  
          and manages trust assets.  AB 846 (Ackerman, Chapter 145,  
          Statutes of 1999) updated California law bringing it into  
          conformity with the Uniform Principal and Income Act of 1997, as  
          suggested by the California Law Revision Commission (California  
          UPIA).  One provision of the California UPIA authorizes a  
          trustee to make a qualified terminable interest property (QTIP)  
          election for a marital trust that is named as the beneficiary of  
          an individual retirement account (IRA).  A trustee would make  
          this type of election to ensure that a trust receiving payments  
          from an investment plan qualifies for the marital tax deduction.  


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          One particular problem of the California UPIA was the 90  
          percent/10 percent allocation rule to distributions from  
          individual retirement plans and accounts.  The rule provided  
          that, unless otherwise specified in the trust document, 90  
          percent of an IRA distribution was allocated to principal and 10  
          percent to income, which allocated much less to income than the  
          settlor of the trust presumably intended.  AB 2347 (Harman,  
          Chapter 569, Statutes of 2006) remedied this problem by  
          adjusting the allocation between income and principal for  
          distributions received from individual retirement plans and  
          accounts when the trust is the beneficiary of the individual  
          account.

          In 2006, another problem with IRA distribution rules under the  
          Uniform Principal and Income Act of 1997 was addressed.  The  
          Internal Revenue Service clarified circumstances under which the  
          surviving spouse was considered to have a qualifying income  
          interest for life in an IRA where a marital trust is designated  
          as the IRA beneficiary for purposes of electing to have the IRA  
          treated as a QTIP.  (See Rev. Rul. 2006-26.)

          In order to prevent a challenge by the IRS regarding QTIP  
          elections for a marital trust that is named as the beneficiary  
          of an IRA, AB 1545 (Committee on Revenue and Taxation, Chapter  
          152, Statutes of 2009) was enacted.  Among other things, AB 1545  
          prescribed methods for determining the value of the internal  
          income of a separate fund (i.e., IRA) when the separate fund  
          payer fails to provide such documentation.  

          This bill would further clarify the method by which a trustee  
          must determine the internal income value of the separate fund in  
          the event the separate fund payer does not provide the value in  
          order to qualify a trust for a marital tax deduction.

                                CHANGES TO EXISTING LAW
           
           Existing federal law  requires a trustee to pay the taxes on the  
          trust's share of taxable income from income or principal  
          receipts.  (IRC Sec. 2001.)
           
          Existing federal law  provides for a marital tax deduction.  (IRC  
          Sec. 2056.)
           
          Existing state law  governs the distribution of income,  
          principal, and interest under a trust and the allocation of  
          distributions to beneficiaries by a trustee or of payments  
                                                                      



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          received by a trust.  (Prob. Code Sec. 16320 et seq.)
           
          Existing state law  provides that a "separate fund" includes a  
          private or commercial annuity, an individual retirement account,  
          and a pension, profit-sharing, stock bonus, or stock ownership  
          plan.  (Prob. Code Sec. 16361(a)(2).)

           Existing state law  requires a trustee to determine the "internal  
          income" of each separate fund for the accounting period, as if  
          the separate fund were a trust subject to the California UPIA,  
          except as provided, and requires the trustee to allocate the  
          balance to the principal.  (Prob. Code Sec. 16361(c).)

           Existing state law  provides for the allocation of a separate  
          fund payment to a trust qualifying for a marital deduction.   
          (Prob. Code Sec. 16361(d).)
           
          Existing state law  provides a method of determining the value of  
          the internal income of a separate fund in the event the separate  
          fund payer does not provide the internal income value of the  
          separate fund.  (Prob. Code Sec. 16361 (g).)

           This bill  would clarify the existing provisions for determining  
          the value of a separate fund "payment" that is required to be  
          allocated to income for purposes of qualifying for a marital tax  
          deduction under federal tax law.

                                        COMMENT
           
          1.  Stated need for the bill  
          
          The author writes:
          
            This bill is intended to correct ambiguity in Probate Code  
            Section 16361 (PC Section 16361), relating to a determination  
            of the "internal income" of a separate fund, as specified.  As  
            currently written, subdivision (g) of PC Section 16361  
            prescribes two alternative formulas for determining the  
            "internal income" of the fund in the absence of the necessary  
            documentation.  The language of that subdivision specifies the  
            circumstances under which the first formula - 4% of the fund's  
            value must be used by the trustee.  Specifically, it is  
            required to be used when the documentation from the fund is  
            not available but the trustee can determine the value of the  
            fund.  However, subdivision (g) is silent as to when the  
            second formula - the product of the interest rate and the  
                                                                      



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            present value of the expected future payments - must be  
            utilized.  Subdivision (g) simply states that the second  
            formula must be used when the fund payer does not provide the  
            documentation reflecting the internal income of the fund.  To  
            clarify the original intent of AB 1545, this bill specifies  
            that the second formula should be used when, in the absence of  
            the documentation, the trustee  cannot  determine the value of  
            the separate fund.

          The sponsor of this bill, the California Bankers Association,  
          states that banks often act as trustees for many trusts.  This  
          bill would clarify the method for trustees to allocate funds  
          received from a separate fund when the value of the internal  
          income is not provided by the separate fund payer and the  
          trustee otherwise cannot determine the value.  This  
          clarification is necessary so that trustees are not later  
          charged with tax liabilities for choosing the wrong method of  
          determining the internal income. 
          
          2.  Clarification of statute to direct the trustee of the method  
            to determine the value of a separate fund  

          This bill would further clarify the method by which a trustee  
          must determine the internal income value of the separate fund in  
          the event the separate fund payer does not provide the value in  
          order to qualify a trust for a marital tax deduction.  Probate  
          Code Section 16361 provides a method by which a trustee can  
          determine the value of a separate fund for purposes of  
          distributing a payment from the separate fund as follows:
            (g)  If the separate fund payer does not provide documentation  
            reflecting the internal income of the separate fund to the  
            trustee, but the trustee can determine the value of the  
            separate fund, the internal income of the separate fund is  
            deemed to equal 4 percent of the fund's value, according to  
            the most recent statement of value preceding the beginning of  
            the accounting period.  If the separate fund payer does not  
            provide documentation reflecting the internal income of the  
            separate fund to the trustee, the internal income of the fund  
            is deemed to equal the product of the interest rate and the  
            present value of the expected future payments, as determined  
            under Section 7520 of the internal Revenue Code for the month  
            preceding the account period for which the computation is  
            made.

          The first sentence of this subsection provides for the instance  
          when the separate fund payer does not provide documentation of  
                                                                      



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          the internal income value, but the trustee can determine the  
          value.  The next sentence in this statute suggests a method by  
          which the trustee could determine the value of a separate fund  
          when the separate fund payer does not provide documentation of  
          the internal income value and the trustee cannot determine the  
          value.  However, the text of this provision does not  
          specifically state this.  This bill would add the necessary  
          language to clarify the second sentence of Probate Code Section  
          16361(g) so that a trustee has clear instruction that, in the  
          event the separate fund payer does not provide the value of the  
          internal income of the separate fund and the trustee cannot  
          otherwise determine the internal income value, the trustee will  
          add the interest rate to the present value of the expected  
          future payments to determine the internal income value of the  
          separate fund. 


           Support  :  None Known

           Opposition  :  None Known

                                        HISTORY
           
           Source  :  California Bankers Association

           Related Pending Legislation  :  None Known

           Prior Legislation  :  See Background.

           Prior Vote  :

          Committee on Revenue and Taxation (Ayes 8, Noes 0)
          Assembly Floor (Ayes 71, Noes 0)

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