BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    







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        |Hearing Date:June 29, 2009         |Bill No:AB 245                     |
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                      SENATE COMMITTEE ON BUSINESS, PROFESSIONS 
                               AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
                         Senator Gloria Negrete McLeod, Chair

                            Bill No:        AB 245Author:Ma
                        As Amended:June 1, 2009  Fiscal:   Yes

        
        SUBJECT:  Physicians and surgeons.
        
        SUMMARY:  Requires the Medical Board of California to remove an  
        expunged or misdemeanor or felony conviction posted on the Board's  
        Internet Website within 90 days of receiving notice of the  
        expungement.

        Existing law:

        1)Establishes the Medical Board of California (MBC) to license,  
          regulate and discipline physicians and surgeons in California.   
          States that the protection of the public is the highest priority  
          of the MBC in exercising its functions.

        2)Requires the MBC, along with other specified health care  
          licensing boards, to create and maintain a  central file  of the  
          names of all persons who hold a license, certificate, or similar  
          authority.  Requires the central file to be created and  
          maintained to provide an individual historical record for each  
          licensee and must include specified information including the  
          following:  any conviction of a crime, any judgment or  
          settlement in excess of $3,000, any public complaints as  
          specified, and any disciplinary information, as specified.  

        3)States that the content of the central file that is not public  
          record under any other provision of law is confidential and  
          allows a licensee to submit any exculpatory or explanatory  
          statements or other information to be included in the central  
          file.

        4)Requires the MBC to post on the Internet specified information  





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          regarding licensed physicians, including information relating to  
          the following: 

           a)   Status of a license, whether or not a licensee is in good  
             standing, as specified.

           b)   Prior discipline, as specified.

           c)   Any felony convictions reported to the MBC after January  
             3, 1991.

           d)   All current accusations filed by the Attorney General.

           e)   Any malpractice judgment or arbitration award reported to  
             the MBC on or after January 1, 1993.

           f)   Any hospital disciplinary actions that resulted in the  
             termination or revocation of a licensee's hospital staff  
             privileges for a medical disciplinary cause or reason.

           g)   Any misdemeanor conviction that results in a disciplinary  
             action or an accusation that is not subsequently withdrawn or  
             dismissed.

           h)   Appropriate disclaimers and explanatory statements to  
             accompany the above information, including an explanation of  
             what types of information are not disclosed.  

           i)   States that the disclaimers and statements be developed by  
             the MBC and adopted by regulation.

           j)   Any enforcement action taken against a licensee including  
             temporary restraining orders, interim suspension orders,  
             civil judgments and all settlements.

        5)Specifies what information may be posted on MBC's Internet  
          Website for a period of ten years, including all information on  
          the status of a license.

        6)States that information relating to all felony convictions and  
          any hospital disciplinary actions that resulted in the  
          termination or revocation of a licensee's hospital staff  
          privileges for a medical disciplinary cause or reason shall not  
          be removed from postage on the MBC's Internet Website.

        7)Requires the MBC to provide links to other Websites on the  





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          Internet that provide information on MBC certification, as  
          specified.

        This bill requires the MBC to remove an expunged misdemeanor or  
        felony conviction posted on the Internet within 90 days of  
        receiving notice of the expungement.

        
        FISCAL EFFECT:  According to the Assembly Appropriations Committee,  
        annual fee-supported special fund costs of $800,000 to $1 million to  
        support the MBC staffing and follow-up needed to meet the requirements  
        of this bill.

        
        COMMENTS:
        
        1.Purpose.  According to the Author, the disclosure of information by  
          the MBC to the general public regarding physician conduct is an  
          important public safeguard.  However, the MBC often publishes  
          information that is inaccurate such as criminal misdemeanors or  
          felony convictions that have been legally expunged.  Continuous  
          publication of such information can be economically disastrous for a  
          physician and can disrupt the successful delivery of health care  
          services.

        2.Background.  

           a)   Posting of Information on the MBC Internet Website.  Current  
             law requires the MBC to post certain information on physicians  
             and surgeons on its Internet Website.  The information that must  
             be posted will include status of a license, whether or not a  
             licensee is in good standing, prior discipline, any felony  
             convictions reported to the MBC after January 3, 1991, all  
             current accusations filed by the Attorney General, any  
             malpractice judgment or arbitration award reported to the MBC on  
             January 1, 1993, any hospital disciplinary actions that resulted  
             in the termination or revocation of a licensee's hospital staff  
             privileges for a medical disciplinary cause or reason, any  
             misdemeanor conviction that results in a disciplinary action or  
             an accusation that is not subsequently withdrawn or dismissed.   
             Any enforcement action taken against a licensee including  
             temporary restraining orders, interim suspension orders, civil  
             judgments and all settlements.  Most of this information that is  
             required to be disclosed are posted on the Internet Website for a  
             period of ten years.  Existing law requires MBC to post  
             appropriate disclaimers and explanatory statements to accompany  





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             the above information, including an explanation of what types of  
             information are not disclosed.

           b)   Expungement of Records.  The Penal Code allows misdemeanor and  
             felony convictions to be expunged if the defendant was only given  
             a sentence of probation, rather than state imprisonment.  Under  
             the Penal Code, if a defendant has fulfilled the conditions of  
             probation, or has been discharged from probation, and if the  
             court determines that a relief should be granted, the defendant  
             at any time after the termination of the period of probation, if  
             he or she is not serving a sentence for any offense, as  
             specified, is authorized to withdraw his or her plea of guilty or  
             plea of nolo contendere and enter a plea of not guilty.  In such  
             instance, the court sets aside the verdict of guilty and  
             dismisses the accusations or information against the defendant  
             and releases the defendant from all penalties and disabilities  
             resulting from the offense of which he or she has been convicted.  
              The MBC asserts that they  do  remove expunged misdemeanor or  
             felony convictions upon notification and verification.  

           c)   Report by the California Research Bureau.  On November 2008,  
             the California Research Bureau (CRB) submitted to the Legislature  
             its report entitled Physician Misconduct and Public Disclosure  
             Practices at the Medical Board of California.  This report was  
             mandated by  SB 1438  (Figueroa), Chapter 223, Statutes of 2006,  
             which instructed the CRB to study the role of public disclosure  
             in the public protection mandate of the MBC. The report  
             considered whether the public is adequately informed about  
             physician misconduct by the current laws and regulations  
             providing for disclosure.  The report analyzed what difference  
             MBC disclosure policies make to public safety and the quality of  
             medical care in California.  According to the report, national  
             data suggests that the volume of "Quality of Care" complaints  
             received by MBC each year falls far short (by an order of  
             magnitude) of the number of serious injuries Californians receive  
             in hospitals each year due to negligent or incompetent care.   
             Most peer-reviewed studies of medical errors and malpractice  
             imply that the large majority of patients who are harmed by a  
             health care provider's negligence or incompetence fail to file  
             formal complaints.  The report further states that while many  
             medical errors are attributable to the actions or omissions of  
             other professionals in the caregiver stream, these studies  
             suggest that most negligent and/or incompetent acts committed by  
             physicians nationwide and in California alike each year  escape   
              MBC   scrutiny  .  The report also pointed out that there is a lack  
             of survey evidence specific to California about the degree to  





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             which the public is well-informed about the MBC's regulatory  
             role, and consumers would likely benefit from policy changes that  
             would expand and lengthen public disclosure and Internet display  
             of a variety of information about physicians' records, including  
             malpractice payouts, MBC's enforcement actions, and MBC's  
             citations and fines.  Public records generally are available in  
             perpetuity to inquiring members of the public; however, current  
             disclosure laws and regulations limit the MBC's Internet display  
             of various public record documents to ten years or less.  CRB's  
             report pointed out that the medical boards in several other  
             states, both large and small, provide considerably more  
             accessible information about physicians on their Internet  
             Websites than does the MBC.  Furthermore, a number of  
             biographical facts about physicians not currently displayed on  
             the MBC's Internet physician profiles, such as gender, age,  
             specialty board certification and graduate training are useful  
             for predicting the odds a physician will face MBC's enforcement  
             actions in the future.  Finally, the report offers a series of  
             policy options by which MBC could improve its capacity to fulfill  
             its primary mission to protect the public. 

        3.Arguments in Support.  The  American Federation of State, County, and  
          Municipal Employees  indicates that this bill ensures that  
          information posted on MBC's Website is accurate, complete and  
          accessible. 

        4.Related Legislation.
        
            a)   SB 700  (Negrete McLeod), among other provisions, would  
             prohibit disclosure by certain health care regulatory bodies of  
             any summaries of hospital disciplinary actions that result in the  
             termination or revocation of a licensee's staff privileges for  
             medical disciplinary cause or reason if a court finds that the  
             peer review resulting in the disciplinary action was conducted in  
             bad faith and the licensee notifies the board of such finding.   
             SB 700 is pending on the Senate floor.

            b)   SB 58  (Aanestad), among other provisions, makes changes to  
             information that are publicly disclosed regarding licensing and  
             enforcement actions against physicians and surgeons.  SB 58 is  
             pending on the Senate Appropriations suspense file.

        5.Recommended Amendment.  This bill requires the MBC to remove an  
          expunged misdemeanor or felony conviction posted on its Internet  
          Website within 90 days of receiving notice of the expungement.   
          However, the bill is silent on how MBC would be notified of the  





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          expungement, whether the notice should be provided by a court or  
          whether a licensee should be required to send to the MBC an official  
          copy of the court document relating to the expungement.  The Author  
          may wish to amend this bill to clarify her intent.

         NOTE  :  Double-referral to Judiciary Committee.  This bill is  
        double-referred.  Should it pass out of this Committee, it will be  
        referred to the Senate Judiciary Committee.
        
        SUPPORT AND OPPOSITION:
        
         Support:  

        Union of American Physicians and Dentists (Sponsor)
        American Federation of State, County, and Municipal Employees  
        (co-Sponsor)

         Opposition:  None on file as of June 23, 2009


        Consultant:Rosielyn Pulmano