BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 315
                                                                  Page  1


          ASSEMBLY THIRD READING
          AB 315 (De Leon)
          As Amended  June 1, 2009
          Majority vote 

           EDUCATION           8-2         APPROPRIATIONS      12-5        
           
           ------------------------------------------------------------------ 
          |Ayes:|Brownley, Ammiano,        |Ayes:|De Leon, Ammiano, Charles  |
          |     |Arambula,                 |     |Calderon, Davis, Fuentes,  |
          |     |Buchanan, Carter, Eng,    |     |Hall, John A. Perez,       |
          |     |Solorio,                  |     |Price, Skinner, Solorio,   |
          |     |Torlakson                 |     |Torlakson, Krekorian       |
          |     |                          |     |                           |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+---------------------------|
          |Nays:|Nestande, Miller          |Nays:|Nielsen, Duvall, Harkey,   |
          |     |                          |     |Miller,                    |
          |     |                          |     |Audra Strickland           |
           ------------------------------------------------------------------ 
           
          SUMMARY  :  Requires the California Department of Education (CDE)  
          to establish guidelines for Alternative Payment Programs (APPs)  
          regarding payments to providers and other related administrative  
          procedures.  Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)Expresses the following intent of the Legislature:

             a)   Eliminate late and inaccurate payments to child care  
               providers;

             b)   Eliminate ambiguities that have led to changing  
               guidelines;

             c)   Eliminate insufficient communication about policies, and  
               the lack of a system that addresses child care provider  
               payment problems that has led to more experienced, quality  
               providers choosing not to accept subsidized children,  
               thereby reducing parental choice and availability of care  
               for families relying on the subsidized child care system;  
               and,

             d)   Create a uniform and timely system of payments to child  
               care providers by providing clear and consistent directives  
               for APPs.








                                                                  AB 315
                                                                  Page  2



          2)Requires the CDE, in developing regulations on provider  
            payments, to consider developing  guidelines for APP on all of  
            the following:

             a)   Timeliness of payments to child care providers;

             b)   Due process and complaint process;

             c)   Filling out attendance records;

             d)   Manner of issuing payments to child care providers, and  
               whether an alternative payment program may issue a single  
               check for multiple children; 

             e)   Timeliness of notice to providers when a child is no  
               longer eligible to receive subsidies; and,

             f)   Administrative recourse and penalties for late payments  
               to child care providers.  Specifies that if a penalty is  
               assessed against an APP, the program shall use only  
               administrative and support service funds to pay the  
               penalty.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Assembly Appropriations  
          Committee, minor absorbable General Fund administrative costs to  
          CDE.

           COMMENTS  :   The CDE administers a child care and child  
          development system, maintaining over 1,500 service contracts  
          with approximately 786 public and private agencies supporting  
          and providing services to about 500,000 children.  Contractors  
          include school districts, county offices of education, cities,  
          colleges, other public entities, community-based organizations,  
          and private agencies.  

          APPs, funded with state and federal funds, offer a variety of  
          child care arrangements for parents, including licensed family  
          child care homes and center-based care, and arrange for payments  
          to licensed-exempt providers, who are relatives or friends of  
          parents or guardians.  The APP helps families access child care  
          services and makes payment for those services directly to the  
          child care provider selected by the family.  The APP is intended  
          to increase parental choice and accommodate the individual needs  








                                                                  AB 315
                                                                  Page  3


          of the family.  APPs are reimbursed based on the number of  
          children served and funds are appropriated based on the fiscal  
          reporting process and budget estimations.  There are 84 APPs  
          throughout the state and they range from private, nonprofit  
          organizations to county offices of education.  APPs began as  
          pilot programs in 1977 and became permanent in 1980.

          The federal Temporary Assistance for Needy Families, passed in  
          1996, increased the demand for child care services through APPs.  
           According to the CDE, families who are eligible for child care  
          services because they are recipients of cash aid or have income  
          less than 75% of the state median income receive a specified  
          number of hours of child care need per week (certified hours of  
          care) based on their documented need.  The certified hours of  
          care are based on participation in county mandated  
          welfare-to-work activities, employment, employment searches,  
          and/or vocational training, and include time for transportation  
          to and from approved activities.  

          According to the author, lack of clarity in state regulations  
          and guidelines has led to inconsistencies in how APPs administer  
          payments, which has led to undue burdens on child care  
          providers.  These problems have led to more experienced, quality  
          child care providers choosing not to accept subsidized children,  
          which reduces choice in providers and ultimately limits access  
          for working families that rely on child care to maintain their  
          livelihoods.  It is unclear how many providers are no longer  
          accepting children who receive state assistance. 

          Title 5, Division 1, Chapter 19 and 19.5 of the California Code  
          of Regulations establishes broad guidelines regarding  
          enrollment, attendance accounting, rates, and provider  
          participation.  

          The provisions below are the areas for which the CDE is required  
          to consider developing regulations pursuant to this bill:

          1)Timeliness of payments to child care providers:  The sponsor,  
            the Child Care Providers United (CCPU), states that there is  
            discrepancy over when providers are paid (e.g., within "x"  
            working days after receipt of attendance record, specified pay  
            dates, etc.) and how often they are paid (e.g., once or twice  
            a month), which makes it difficult for providers to operate  
            their businesses and pay their bills.  In extreme situations,  








                                                                  AB 315
                                                                  Page  4


            providers have reported having to wait months after submitting  
            their attendance records before getting paid.  

            Existing regulations require the APP to develop and implement  
            a plan for timely payment to providers.  However, when  
            providers are paid is contingent upon accuracies of attendance  
            records.  If an attendance record requires followup, payments  
            to providers may be delayed.  

          2)Due process and complaint process:  According to the sponsor,  
            when providers complain about late payments and other payment  
            problems, they have experienced retribution.  

            Current regulations require APPs to develop and implement  
            policies and procedures for provider participation, including  
            grievance procedures for parents and providers.  It is unclear  
            whether providers are not following the grievance process,  
            whether APPs are violating the regulations by not developing a  
            plan, or whether they are ignoring their policies.

            The CDE notes that there is due process for the clients - the  
            parents.  Establishing a due process for providers will affect  
            the contractual relationship the state currently has with  
            APPs. 

          3)Filling out attendance records:  The sponsor states that  
            requirements for attendance records are not consistent and  
            that attendance records have been returned because parents use  
            different color inks to sign in or out, or because white out  
            was used.  Another example includes rejection of attendance  
            records because parents signed a shortened version of their  
            names (e.g., Kim vs. Kimberly).  

            Payments for services are contingent upon the submission of  
            the attendance records.  Any discrepancy can be an indication  
            of provider or parent fraud.  Pursuant to annual budget acts,  
            the CDE is required to conduct a random sampling of family  
            data files to assess the administrative error rates in the  
            areas of eligibility, parent fee, need, and provider payment.   
             For fiscal year 2007-08, the estimated error rate for  
            provider payment reimbursements was 37%.  CDE staff found that  
            most contractor errors in this area were due to either the  
            incorrect selection of a ceiling or the lack of quality  
            control to ensure that parents are completing the attendance  








                                                                  AB 315
                                                                  Page  5


            records on a daily basis.  

            Current regulations require APPs to provide written materials  
            to providers, including instructions on enrollment and  
            attendance recordkeeping.  It is unclear whether providers are  
            not receiving the information, whether they are not following  
            instructions, or whether rules change.

          4)Manner of issuing payments to child care providers, and  
            whether an alternative payment program may issue a single  
            check for multiple children:  The sponsor states that there is  
            inconsistency in issuing payments to providers.  Some  
            providers receive a single check for each child they serve at  
            different times of the month.  Some APPs offer direct deposit  
            while others do not.  This issue is not addressed by current  
            regulations.

          5)Timeliness of notice to providers when a child is no longer  
            eligible to receive subsidies:  The sponsor states that some  
            providers are not notified when there are changes to a  
            parent's eligibility (e.g., a parent's eligible hours are  
            reduced or terminated) and they are not paid for services they  
            have provided.  

            Parents are required to report changes within five days.  Some  
            APPs do notify providers when they are notified of changes and  
            offer a grace period before terminating payments.  This issue  
            is not addressed by current regulations.  

          6)Administrative recourse and penalties for late payments to  
            child care providers:  The sponsor states that some providers  
            are not paid for months, but they feel that they have no  
            recourse.
           
             Existing regulation requires the APP to develop a plan for  
            timely payment to providers, but does not specify penalties  
            for failing to comply with the plan.

          The CDE is currently working on regulations related to provider  
          rates and policies, although they are not currently specific to  
          the areas addressed by this bill.  

          AB 304 (Price), held by the Assembly Appropriations Committee,  
          requires APPs to establish an electronic banking program for  








                                                                  AB 315
                                                                  Page  6


          payments to providers. 

          The American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees  
          states, "The department has recently begun a process to update  
          their provider payment regulations.  Most of the regulations  
          that the department is currently working under are from the  
          1980s.  It is not clear just what subject matters will be  
          addressed in this process, and the CCPU want to be sure that the  
          issues noticed in this legislation are to be the focus of the  
          regulatory package that is put forth, -- thus the reason for  
          this bill."


           Analysis Prepared by  :    Sophia Kwong Kim / ED. / (916) 319-2087  



                                                                FN: 0001313