BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    






                          SENATE COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION
                               Gloria Romero, Chair
                            2009-2010 Regular Session
                                         

          BILL NO:       AB 317
          AUTHOR:        Solorio
          AMENDED:       January 15, 2010
          FISCAL COMM:   Yes            HEARING DATE:  May 5, 2010
          URGENCY:       Yes            CONSULTANT:Daniel Alvarez
          
          SUBJECT:  School attendance: H1N1 (2009) influenza virus.
          
           KEY POLICY ISSUE   

          Should the state provide emergency credit to school  
          districts, in 2009-10 and 
          2010-11, for lost ADA as a result of pupil absences from the  
          H1N1 (2009) virus ?
           
           
           SUMMARY  

          This bill, an urgency measure, deems an epidemic to exist,  
          for the purpose of granting emergency credit for lost average  
          daily attendance (ADA) as a result of pupil absences due to  
          the H1N1 (2009) influenza virus, as specified, in any public  
          elementary or secondary school.

           BACKGROUND  

          The state provides funding for school districts that is, in  
          part, based on ADA, where regular ADA is equal to the average  
          number of pupils actually attending classes who are enrolled  
          for at least the minimum school day under the supervision of  
          a certificated employee of the school district.  Since,  
          1998-99, excused absences no longer count toward ADA.  
          (Education Code  46000 et. al.)

          Current law, authorizes the Superintendent of Public  
          Instruction (SPI), for the purposes of calculating funding  
          whenever ADA has been materially decreased as a result of an  
          emergency related to fire, flood, impassable roads, an  
          epidemic, an earthquake, a major safety hazard, a  
          transportation strike, or an order related to war or civil  
          disorder, to credit a local educational agency (LEA) with the  
          approximate ADA that would have been credited to the LEA had  



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          the emergency not occurred. 

          Current law specifies even under a state of emergency, ADA  
          losses shall not extend into the next fiscal year following  
          the declaration of the state of emergency by the Governor,  
          except upon showing to the SPI that extending the period into  
          the next fiscal year is essential to alleviate continued  
          reductions in ADA attributable to the state of emergency. (EC  
           46392)


          Defines, in regulation, a material decrease in ADA for the  
          purposes of granting emergency credit to occur when at least  
          ten percent of the students who would normally attend a  
          school do not attend on any one day.

           ANALYSIS  

           This bill  , an urgency measure, deems an epidemic to exist,  
          for the purpose of granting emergency credit for lost average  
          daily attendance (ADA) as a result of pupil absences due to  
          the H1N1 (2009) influenza virus, as specified, in any public  
          elementary or secondary school for the 2009-10 and 2010-11  
          fiscal years. Specifically, this bill:  

             1)   Specifies that any decrease in ADA resulting from a  
               pupil absence related to the H1N1 (2009) influenza virus  
               is a material decrease for the purposes of granting  
               emergency credit for lost ADA or for meeting the 175-day  
               school year requirement.

             2)   Defines pupil absence related to the H1N1 virus as,  
               including, but not necessarily limited to, both of the  
               following: 

               a)        an absence of a pupil who has tested positive  
                    for the H1N1 virus, and  
               b)        an absence of a pupil who has not tested  
                    positive for the H1N1 virus, but whose reason for  
                    absence is consistent with the symptoms of the H1N1  
                    virus. 

             1)   Defines "H1N1 (2009) influenza virus" as the virus  
               also commonly known in 2009 as "pandemic influenza" or  
               "swine flu."

           STAFF COMMENTS 



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           1)   Is this bill necessary  ?  According to the author's  
               office, there is a vital need for school districts to  
               maintain their projected funding level. This year, as a  
               result of the deep national recession and the state  
               budget shortfalls, school districts have already  
               experienced sharp cutbacks in funding. Now that schools  
               are experiencing larger than normal student absences as  
               a result of the H1N1 virus, it is expected that school  
               funding will be further reduced, which will only hurt  
               educational opportunities for all students.
           
                Staff notes that in April 2009, the Governor proclaimed  
               a state of emergency relating to the spread of the H1N1  
               virus.  Generally, states of emergency are invoked for a  
               given fiscal year, in this case 2008-09.  This activated  
               the authority of the SPI to provide emergency ADA  
               credit.  It has come to the attention of staff that the  
               SPI has extended the provision of emergency ADA credit  
               for absences related to H1N1 into the 2009-10 fiscal  
               year consistent with current law ( EC  46392 (b) - see  
               background note above), thereby diminishing the need for  
               a change in statute for the current 2009-10 fiscal year.

           2)   Prospective relief from H1N1 pupil absences  ?  There is  
               no data or information that shows the H1N1 virus will  
               have a significant future impact on a schools' pupil  
               attendance.  However, with the vast amounts of  
               information provided by school districts, local public  
               health agencies and the federal government on the  
               prevention and mitigation of spreading the virus - such  
               as washing hands, and covering noses and mouths while  
               coughing - the intended effect of reducing the spread of  
               the virus could occur and not have a material effect on  
               school pupil attendance.  

               Therefore, is it in the best interest of the state to  
               signal the provision of prospectively granting emergency  
               credit for lost average daily attendance (ADA) due to  
               H1N1 (or H1N1 like symptoms) for the 2010-11 fiscal  
               year?  

                Staff recommends  the bill be amended to specify that the  
               granting of emergency ADA credit is for the 2009-10  
               fiscal year only, and strike reference to the "2010-11  
               fiscal year."




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           3)   What is H1N1 (2009) influenza  ? According to the  
               California Department of Public Health (CDPH), the H1N1  
               Flu (2009 H1N1 influenza virus) is a type of influenza  
               virus that causes respiratory disease that can spread  
               between people. While most people who have been sick  
               have recovered without needing medical treatment,  
               hospitalizations and deaths from infection with this  
               virus have occurred. 

               The spread of H1N1 flu occurs in the same way that  
               seasonal flu spreads. The flu viruses are spread mainly  
               from person to person through coughing or sneezing by  
               people with influenza. Sometimes people may become  
               infected by touching something, such as a surface or  
               object, with flu viruses on it and then touching their  
               mouth or nose.  The symptoms of H1N1 flu are similar to  
               the symptoms of seasonal flu and include fever, cough,  
               sore throat, body aches, headache, chills and fatigue.

           4)   H1N1 in California  .  According to the CDPH, students are  
               at high risk for getting the H1N1 flu.  Children and  
               adolescents are efficient spreaders of this kind of flu.  
               Students are packed close to each other in classrooms so  
               schools may act as a point of spread, where students can  
               easily spread flu to other students and their families.   
               The CDPH states, so far, with H1N1 flu, the largest  
               number of cases has been in people between 5 and 24  
               years of age.  

               CDPH indicates the reported number of cases of H1N1 flu  
               in California do not reflect how many actual cases there  
               may be in the state because individuals in outpatient  
               settings are no longer being tested for the presence of  
               the virus and many cases go undetected due to the mild  
               nature of the disease among most people.  Laboratory  
               testing is limited to individuals with serious H1N1 flu  
               illness, including hospitalized patients, and those at  
               high risk for complications.  CDPH data indicates in  
               California (all available data) between April 23, 2009  
               and April 3, 2010, there were 2,008 severe cases, 1,923  
               intensive care unit cases, and 546 deaths attributed to  
               the H1N1 virus.


           5)   Executive proclamations and orders related to H1N1  .  In  
               April 2009, the Governor proclaimed a state of emergency  
               related to limiting the spread of H1N1 (swine flu) as  



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               quickly and effectively as possible. The proclamation,  
               among other things, ordered state agencies and  
               departments to assist in activities to prevent or  
               alleviate illness and death, and relax contracting  
               requirements, as specified.  

               In October 2009, the Governor issued an executive order  
               to provide the state the flexibility for departments to  
               again relax contracting provisions in order to obtain  
               goods and services to fight the spread of the H1N1  
               virus.  However, the proclamation and executive order  
               did not require any specific action on the part of local  
               educational agencies.

           SUPPORT
           
          California Association of School Business Officials
          California Association of School Psychologists
          California School Boards Association
          California School Employees Association
          Clovis Unified School District
          San Francisco Unified School District

           OPPOSITION
           
          None received.