BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    






                                                       Bill No:  AB  
          400
          
                 SENATE COMMITTEE ON GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION
                       Senator Roderick D. Wright, Chair
                           2009-2010 Regular Session
                                 Staff Analysis



          AB 400  Author:  De Leon
          As Amended:  June 15, 2009
          Hearing Date:  June 23, 2009
          Consultant:  Chris Lindstrom


                                     SUBJECT  

                         State agencies: FISCal funds.

                                   DESCRIPTION
           
          AB 400 requires the Financial Information System for  
          California (FISCal) to list State General Fund (GF) and  
          federal fund expenditures in the amount of $5,000 or  
          greater on a public Web site.  Specifically, this bill:  

          1)Defines "General Fund and federal fund expenditures" as  
            the expenditure or transfer of funds in excess of $5,000  
            by any state department, including:  

             a)   Grants;
             b)   Contracts; and, 
             c)   Purchase orders. 

          2)Excludes GF transfers between state departments or  
            agencies, or the transfer of state or federal assistance  
            payments to any individual recipient or beneficiary of  
            those assistance payments.

          3)Requires the following information for each GF and  
            federal fund expenditure to be listed:

             a)   The name and principal location of each entity or  
               other recipient of the funds;
             b)   The amount of the expenditure;




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             c)   The type of transaction;
             d)   The identity of the state department or agency  
               making the expenditure;
             e)   The budget program source for the expenditure;
             f)   A brief description of the purpose for the  
               expenditure; and,
             g)   A brief description of any item purchased pursuant  
               to the expenditure.

          4)Makes legislative findings and declarations. 

                                   EXISTING LAW

           Existing law imposes specified duties on state governmental  
          agencies and provides for public access to government  
          records.

          Existing law, the California State Constitution, provides  
          that California's citizens are entitled to a right to  
          privacy.

                                    BACKGROUND
           
          According to the author's office, "AB 400 seeks to provide  
          greater transparency in the state budget process, so the  
          public can easily access and readily review how taxpayer  
          money is being spent.  Support for public programs is  
          largely predicated on the belief that tax dollars are spent  
          in a prudent and efficient manner.  Transparency in the  
          expenditure of these tax dollars is critical to returning  
          public support and confidence in state government."

          Background.  The State Constitution requires that meetings  
          of public bodies and writings of public officials and  
          agencies be open to public scrutiny.  The State  
          Constitution also requires statutes or other types of  
          governmental decisions to be broadly interpreted to further  
          the people's right to access government information.  The  
          State Constitution requires governmental actions that limit  
          the right of access to demonstrate the need for that  
          restriction.  The State Constitution exempts some  
          information from disclosure, such as law enforcement  
          records.  







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          California has a number of state statutes that provide for  
          the public's access to government information, including  
          documents and meetings.



          1)Access to Government Documents.  There are two basic laws  
            that provide for the public's access to government  
            documents:


             a)   The California Public Records Act establishes the  
               right of every person to inspect and obtain copies of  
               state and local government documents.  The act  
               requires state and local agencies to establish written  
               guidelines for public access to documents and to post  
               these guidelines at their offices.


             b)   The Legislative Open Records Act provides that the  
               public may inspect legislative records.  The act also  
               requires legislative committees to maintain documents  
               related to the history of legislation.


          2)Access to Government Meetings.  There are two basic laws  
            that provide for the public's access to state government  
            meetings: 
          

             a)   The Bagley-Keene Open Meeting Act requires that  
               meetings of state bodies be conducted openly and that  
               documents related to a subject of discussion at a  
               public meeting be made available for inspection.


             b)   The Grunsky-Burton Open Meeting Act requires that  
               meetings of the Legislature be open to the public and  
               that all persons be allowed to attend the meetings.


          3)Some Information Exempt From Disclosure.  While laws  
            provide for public access to a significant amount of  
            information, they also allow some information to be kept  
            private.  Many of the exclusions are provided in the  
            interest of protecting the privacy of members of the  




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            public.  For instance, medical testing records are exempt  
            from disclosure.  Other exemptions are provided for legal  
            and confidential matters.  For instance, governments are  
            allowed to hold closed meetings when considering  
            personnel matters or conferring with legal counsel.



          Legislative Trends.  In 2006, Congress passed and the  
          President signed into law the Federal Funding  
          Accountability and Transparency Act.  The law creates a  
          free, publicly searchable website for all federal contracts  
          and grants.  The law requires access to data on all  
          payments of more than $25,000, with exceptions for  
          classified information, federal assistance payments made to  
          individuals, and an exclusion for federal employees.  The  
          website (  www.USASpending.gov  ) became operative on December  
          13, 2007.  

          The federal effort inspired elected officials in states  
          across the country to seek passage of similar legislation  
          or the execution of executive orders to promote  
          accountability and transparency in government expenditures.  
           In 2007, five states (Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas, and to a  
          more limited extent, Minnesota and Hawaii) passed  
          legislation that mandates the creation of comprehensive  
          websites for state expenditures.  In addition, a number of  
          states including Texas, Missouri, South Carolina, Alaska  
          and Louisiana have taken executive action to provide  
          taxpayers with an opportunity to access state expenditures.

          President Obama has called for a searchable Web site to  
          track federal economic stimulus spending.  Governor  
          Schwarzenegger has launched a Web site to ensure  
          transparency and accountability of federal economic  
          stimulus funding as it is received and expended by the  
          state.

          In April 2009, Governor Schwarzenegger also launched a Web  
          site (  www.reportingtransparency.ca.gov  ) which makes  
          publicly available the Statement of Economic Interests Form  
          700 and Travel Expense claims for the Governor's Office  
          Senior Staff and Deputies, Agency Secretaries, Agency  
          Undersecretaries and Department Directors.

          On June 4, 2009, Governor Schwarzenegger executed Executive  




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          Order S-08-09 and launched a new component to the Reporting  
          Government Transparency Web site that will require all  
          state contracts valued at $5,000 or more to be posted  
          online.  The Web site will also list both the internal and  
          external audits of state departments and agencies,  
          including information on operations, budget and programs  
          dating back to January 1, 2008.

          Financial Information System for California (FISCal).   
          FISCal is an integrated information technology project  
          designed to create and implement a new statewide financial  
          system which will encompass the areas of budgeting,  
          accounting, procurement, cash management, financial  
          management, financial reporting, cost accounting, asset  
          management, project accounting, and human resources  
          management.  FISCal is designed to replace California's  
          aging financial management systems; FISCal will be rolled  
          out in five phases, over a multi-year period, to more than  
          a hundred departments and agencies. 

          Development of this system has been done collaboratively  
          (under FISCal), which includes the Department of Finance  
          (DOF), the State Treasurer's Office (STO), the State  
          Controller's Office (SCO), and the Department of General  
          Services (DGS).  The system is required to have an online  
          searchable database and the capability of operating a  
          coding structure which indicates the categorization of  
          expenditures and revenues.  The system and the data are  
          required to be available to both the legislative and  
          executive branches. 

          The FISCal project was proposed during the 2007-08 budget  
          process as an entirely General Fund project.  However, due  
          to a number of factors including General Fund expense, the  
          Legislature requested more information on alternative  
          funding scenarios, vendor accountability, and formalization  
          of control agency roles.  It is unclear when FISCal will  
          move forward and whether the proposed timeline will remain  
          intact. 
          
                            PRIOR/RELATED LEGISLATION
           
           SB 719 (Huff), 2009-2010 Legislative Session  .  Requires  
          each state department and agency to develop and operate a  
          searchable Internet Web site accessible by the public that  
          includes specified information relating to expenditures of  




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          state funds, defined to include, among other things,  
          grants, contracts, subcontracts, purchase orders, and tax  
          refunds, rebates, and credits.  (In Senate Appropriations  
          Committee)

           SB 502 (Walters), 2009-2010 Legislative Session .  Similar  
          to SB 719 (Huff) of the 2009-2010 Legislative Session.  (In  
          Senate Governmental Organization Committee)
          
           AB 1194 (Strickland), 2009-2010 Legislative Session  .   
          Similar to SB 719 (Huff) of the 2009-2010 Legislative  
          Session.  (In Assembly Business and Professions Committee)  

          SB 1494 (McClintock), 2007-2008 Legislative Session  .   
          Similar to SB 719 (Huff) of the 2009-2010 Legislative  
          Session.  (Held in Senate Appropriations Committee)
          
           AB 1843 (Garrick), 2007-2008 Legislative Session  .  Stated  
          that it is the intent of the Legislature to require the  
          Department of Finance to create, operate, and maintain a  
          searchable database, integrated within a statewide fiscal  
          information system, which provides the public with  
          information on how the state spends tax revenues.  (Held in  
          Assembly Appropriations Committee)
          
           AB 1393 (Leno), 2007-2008 Legislative Session  .  Would have  
          required by July 1, 2009, any state agency that publishes  
          an Internet Web site to include on its homepage specified  
          information that is not exempt from disclosure under the  
          California Public Records Act about how to contact the  
          agency, how to request records under the California Public  
          Records Act, and a form for submitting requests for records  
          online.  This bill also would have required the Department  
          of Justice to convene an advisory body to consider and make  
          recommendations for a statutory standard governing the  
          posting of requests and denials, and public documents not  
          exempt under the California Public Records Act, on the  
          Internet Web sites of state agencies, and report its  
          findings and recommendations to the Governor and  
          Legislature by January 1, 2009.  (Vetoed by the Governor)
          
           AB 2927 (Leno), 2005-2006 Legislative Session  .  Would have  
          required any state agency that publishes an Internet  
          Website to include on the homepage of that site specified  
          information that is not exempt from disclosure under the  
          California Public Records Act about how to contact the  




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          agency, how to request records under the act, and a form  
          for submitting online requests for records.  This bill  
          would have authorized any person to bring an action to  
          enforce the duty of a state agency to post this information  
          and would provide for penalties including monetary awards  
          to be paid by the agency, with specified provisions to  
          become operative on January 1, 2008.  (Vetoed by the  
          Governor)
          
           SB 503 (Figueroa), 2005-2006 Legislative Session  .  Would  
          have required each state or local body identified in  
          existing law that maintains an Internet Website, to make  
          the written guidelines accessible from the homepage of its  
          Website through a link entitled "Guidelines for How to  
          Obtain Public Records."  (Gutted and Amended in the  
          Assembly)
          
           SCA 1 (Burton), Resolution Chapter 1, Statutes of 2004  .   
          Placed Proposition 59 on the statewide ballot, which was  
          subsequently approved by the voters, to confer to the  
          people a right of access to information concerning the  
          conduct of the people's business.  Provides that the people  
          have a right of access to information concerning the  
          conduct of the people's business, and requires meetings of  
          public bodies and the writings of public officials and  
          agencies to be open to public scrutiny.  Requires a  
          statute, court rule or other authority to be broadly  
          construed if it furthers the right of access, and narrowly  
          construed if it limits the right of access.  Requires a  
          statute, court rule or other authority adopted after the  
          effective date of the constitutional amendment that limits  
          the right of access to include findings demonstrating the  
          interest protected, and the need for that protection.   
          Specifies that these provisions do not supersede or modify  
          the constitutionally guaranteed right to privacy, or affect  
          the construction of any statute, court rule or other  
          authority that protects that right to privacy.  Specifies  
          that these provisions do not supersede or modify any other  
          provision of the state Constitution.  Specifies that these  
          provisions do not affect the scope of permitted discovery  
          in judicial or administrative proceedings regarding  
          deliberations of the Legislature, its Members, employees,  
          committees and caucuses.

           SCA 7 (Burton), 2001-2002 Legislative Session  .  Would have  
          amended the Declaration of Rights contained in Article 1 of  




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          the State Constitution to provide that the people of  
          California have a fundamental right of access to government  
          information subject to certain narrow exceptions.  (Held in  
          the Assembly)

           SUPPORT / OPPOSE  :  None on file as of June 19, 2009.

           FISCAL COMMITTEE  :  Senate Appropriations Committee



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