BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                        SENATE FOOD and AGRICULTURE COMMITTEE
                            Senator Dean Florez, Chairman

          BILL NO:    AB 443                    HEARING:  7/7/09
          AUTHOR:   Galgiani                    FISCAL:  Yes
          VERSION:  6/17/09                     CONSULTANT:  John Chandler
          
                      Apple pests: pest and disease prevention.

          BACKGROUND AND EXISTING LAW

          The California Apple Commission (commission) was authorized in  
          1990 but failed a referendum in 1991.  It was finally  
          established following changes made by AB 2476 (Costa) Chapter  
          69, Statutes of 1994.  The commission may engage in the  
          promotion of the apple industry, conduct production research,  
          and recommend maturity standards to the Secretary (secretary) of  
          the Department of Food and Agriculture (CDFA).  In order to  
          perform its duties, the commission collects an assessment of  
          $0.75 per pound of fresh market apples produced in the state. 

          California Department of Food and Agriculture (CDFA) has the  
          authority to establish quarantines of plants and animals to  
          prevent the spread of pests or diseases.  This authority is  
          currently being exercised in the control and eradication of  
          Light Brown Apple Moth, which could potentially infest apple  
          trees in California.  

          In 2006, AB 2425 (Matthews) attempted to create a similar  
          program for apple pest and disease prevention.  This bill was  
          held by the author in the Senate Agriculture Committee due to  
          concerns expressed by Northern California apple growers on  
          implementation and impacts of the bill.  

          In 2008, SB 486 (Maldonado) would have established a similar  
          pest and disease prevention program for avocados.  Although this  
          bill passed out of the Senate Agriculture Committee, it was held  
          in Senate Judiciary Committee.  

          Also in 2008, AB 1021 (Berryhill and Galgiani) attempted to  
          create a similar program for apple pest and disease prevention.   
          This bill was vetoed by the governor as part of a broader veto  
          of all non-critical bills sent to the governor's desk.  

          PROPOSED LAW

          AB 443 establishes the California Apple Pest and Disease  
          Prevention Act of 2009.  Specifically, this bill would:





          AB 443 - Page 2


                 Require the secretary to appoint an 11-member committee.  
                The committee will be comprised of 4 apple producers, and  
               4 apple handlers, with one producer and one handler from  
               each of the 4 designated districts throughout the state and  
               one pest control advisor from a list provided by the  
               California Apple Commission.  The secretary shall appoint  
               the tenth member, a representative from the University of  
               California.

                 Authorize the committee to make recommendations to the  
               secretary to establish or remove a designation of pests or  
               diseases that pose a threat to the apple industry, public  
               health, or the environment and establish terms and  
               conditions for handling produce to prevent pest  
               introduction.

                 Require the secretary to respond to a committee  
               recommendation within 30 days of receipt either by  
               initiating the rulemaking process, requesting additional  
               information, or if the secretary declines to initiate  
               rulemaking, to provide a written explanation as to why.

                 Enable the committee to recommend to the secretary  
               regulations for handling apples to prevent the spread of  
               disease.

                 Establish a secretary-appointed Scientific Advisory  
               Panel of two to five members who are recognized apple pest  
               and disease experts.  This panel shall advise the Apple  
               Pest and Disease Committee and the secretary on pests and  
               diseases and pest or disease control under consideration.

                 Specify that no person may handle apples in California  
               unless they are in compliance with the secretary-adopted  
               terms and conditions for handling produce.

                 Permit CDFA to investigate complaints of violations of  
               appropriate handling of apples in a designated region and  
               false records and statements.  They may issue a notice of  
               violation and commence civil action against alleged  
               violators.  They may levy civil penalties of $5,000 for  
               each violation or $2,500 for each unintentional violation.

                 Expand the authority of the California Apple Commission  
               to include activities relating to the control of plant  
               diseases and pest control regulations as established in  
               this bill.





          AB 443 - Page 3



          COMMENTS

          1.The author states that AB 443 is imperative for preventing  
            pests from infiltrating California's apple crop.  Proponents  
            of this bill state that due to the reduction of state  
            resources used to combat invasive pests the risk to California  
            has increased.  The impact of discovering an invasive pest or  
            disease in California agriculture could have dramatic negative  
            marketing results and high eradication costs. The most  
            effective crop protection is the prevention of invasive  
            species introduction, and this is reflected in the growing  
            demand by international markets for assurances that imported  
            apples are not infested with certain pests.  Therefore,  
            proponents hope that this bill will help increase their pest  
            and disease prevention efforts. 

          2.AB 443 establishes a committee to make recommendations to the  
            secretary on apple pest issues including regulations on the  
            handling of apples to prevent the introduction and spread of  
            apple pests and diseases.  Regulations for the handling of  
            apples can cover a lot of ground: movement, pest treatment,  
            packaging, and any number of other elements of the apple  
            industry.  The committee may want to consider if the authority  
            over the handling of apples is too broad.

          PRIOR ACTIONS

          Assembly Floor 79-0
          Assembly Appropriations17-0
          Assembly Agriculture  8-0

          SUPPORT
          
          None received

          OPPOSITION
          
          None received