BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 465
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:   May 6, 2009

                           ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION
                                Julia Brownley, Chair
                  AB 465 (Coto) - As Introduced:  February 24, 2009
           
          SUBJECT  :   Parent Involvement

           SUMMARY  :   Encourages school districts to review and, if  
          appropriate, contract with nonprofit community-based  
          organizations that meet specified criteria to encourage parent  
          involvement in schools.  Specifically,  this bill  :

          1)Specifies that the nonprofit community-based organization a  
            school district is encouraged to contract with must have a  
            proven track record and can provide evidence of its success in  
            educating parents and building direct collaboration with  
            school districts, administrators, and educators through  
            external longitudinal evaluations. 

          2)Specifies that a nonprofit community-based organization that  
            contracts with a school district shall demonstrate and provide  
            a culturally and linguistically competent parent involvement  
            program using best practices that address the diversity of the  
            school district. 

          3)Encourages a low-performing school district to submit an  
            annual report to the Superintendent of Public Instruction that  
            demonstrates its efforts to promote parent engagement and the  
            outcomes that result from contracting with the nonprofit  
            community-based organization. 

           EXISTING LAW:  

          1)Finds and declares that parental involvement and support in  
            the education of children is an integral part of improving  
            academic achievement.

          2)Requires the governing board of each school district to  
            establish a parent involvement program to engage parents  
            positively in their children's education by helping parents to  
            develop skills to use at home that support their children's  
            academic efforts at school and their children's development as  
            responsible future members of our society, to inform parents  
            that they can directly affect the success of their children's  








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            learning, and to develop a consistent and effective  
            communication between home and school.

          3)Authorizes a school district, to the extent permitted by  
            federal law, to contract with nonprofit organizations and  
            agencies experienced in administering parent involvement  
            programs to design or implement, or design and implement, a  
            school's parent involvement program.

          4)Specifies that parents and guardians of pupils enrolled in  
            public schools have the right and should have the opportunity,  
            as mutually supportive and respectful partners in the  
            education of their children within the public schools, to be  
            informed by the school, and to participate in the education of  
            their children as specified.

          5)Establishes various monetary and non-monetary parent  
            involvement programs, including the Nell Soto Parent/Teacher  
            Involvement Program, the Teresa P.  Hughes Family-School  
            Partnership Award and Grant Program, and the Tom Hayden  
            Community-Based Parent Involvement Grant Program.

           FISCAL EFFECT :  According to the Legislative Counsel, this bill  
          is non-fiscal.

           COMMENTS  :   Existing law recognizes the impact parents can have  
          in the educational success of children and requires districts to  
          establish parent involvement programs to educate parents on the  
          importance of their involvement and to provide education on what  
          they can do at home to support their children's education at  
          school.  Existing law authorizes a school district, to the  
          extent permitted by federal law, to contract with nonprofit  
          organizations to design and implement parent involvement  
          programs.  Funds have been provided in the budget acts in the  
          past for teacher home visits with parents (Nell Soto  
          Parent/Teacher Involvement Program) and to provide training to  
          parents to enhance their involvement in the education of their  
          children (Tom Hayden Community-Based Parent Involvement  
          Program).

          This bill encourages school districts to review and if  
          appropriate, contract with a nonprofit community-based  
          organization that has shown success in educating parents and  
          building collaboration with district and school staff.  The bill  
          specifies that the organizations districts are encouraged to  








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          contract with must have documentations of their success through  
          longitudinal evaluations by a third party.  One of the sponsors  
          of this bill is the Parent Institute for Quality Education  
          (PIQE), which has received an evaluation by the San Diego State  
          University's (SDSU) College of Business Administration's  
          Marketing Department.  The Mexican American Legal Defense and  
          Education Fund (MALDEF), which offers the Parent School  
          Partnership (PSP) program, also has received an evaluation by  
          educational researchers at the University of California, San  
          Diego (UCSD) and University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB).  
           It is unclear whether there are other organizations that meet  
          this criterion.  

           PIQE  .  PIQE was started in 1987 in San Diego and provides a  
          nine-week parent involvement education program taught by  
          professional facilitators trained by PIQE.  Sessions are free  
          and are offered in the morning or evening to accommodate work  
          schedules.  The program has been taught in 16 languages and has  
          expanded beyond San Diego to Los Angeles, Fresno, San Jose,  
          Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, Monterey, Sacramento,  
          Stanislaus, Alameda, San Francisco, and Shasta counties.  
          According to PIQE's Web site, over 375,000 parents have  
          graduated from the program.

          The SDSU study, conducted in 2004, surveyed 241 Latino parents  
          who participated in the program between 1997-98 and reported the  
          following results:

                 The children of parents attending and graduating from  
               the PIQE program achieved a high school graduation rate of  
               93%;

                 The student dropout rate was only 7% versus 41% in San  
               Diego County;

                 The college bound was 79.2%, 51.4% of whom enrolled in a  
               Community College and 27.8% were admitted to a four-year  
               University;

                 Of the students who were admitted to a four-year college  
               out of high school, 52.7% went to SDSU, 16.5% UCSD, 3.3%  
               University of San Diego and 27.5% other, including other  
               private universities; and,

                 Study participants admitted to a four-year college was  








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               19% versus 7% in San Diego County.

           MALDEF's PSP program  .  The PSP program was initiated 20 years  
          ago to educate and develop the skills of parents to be involved  
          in ensuring that their children had adequate education for  
          access to higher education.  The UCSD and UCSB study collected  
          data through a survey of parents in Los Angeles, Houston,  
          Atlanta and Chicago.  The study reports that the PSP prescribes  
          to the belief that if parents are provided with information on  
          how the school system works and become engaged in community- and  
          school-based action projects, they will be empowered to become  
          active leaders in the schools and communities and stronger  
          supporters of their children's education.  With leadership  
          development, parents will be able to gain a voice and exercise  
          their rights to have schools offer the educational programs and  
          services needed by their children.  The study found an alignment  
          with PSP's espoused theory of action and its implementation of  
          the program.

          Findings from the survey data indicated that PSP positively  
          influenced parents' knowledge; parents' college expectations;  
          parents' self-efficacy; parents' actions at home, school and  
          community; and children's academics.

           Families in Schools (FIS)  .  The bill's co-sponsor, FIS, created  
          in 2000 by the Los Angeles Annenberg Metropolitan Project,  
          received an evaluation of its "Read with Me/Lea Conmigo" program  
          in 2002, which showed that the project successfully increased  
          parent reading time with their children.  The project provided  
          backpacks with five books every week to children and provided  
          teacher training on how to help parents work with their children  
          at home.  According to the author's office, the evaluation was  
          not conducted by an external source, and consequently, FIS does  
          not meet the criteria of organizations that this bill encourages  
          school districts to review and contract with.  

           Committee Amendments  .  This bill promotes parental involvement  
          and specifically, encourages school districts to seek assistance  
          from nonprofit community-based organizations with expertise in  
          engaging and increasing parent involvement in schools.  However,  
          while the goal of identifying successful organizations is a  
          laudable, this bill's encouragement that districts only work  
          with organizations that have had an "external longitudinal  
          evaluation" is limiting. There are likely other nonprofit  
          community-based organizations that are successful in increasing  








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          parental involvement that have not had external longitudinal  
          evaluations.  Staff recommends striking this requirement.  On  
          page 2, lines 5 and 6, strike "can provide external longitudinal  
          evaluations that."

           Arguments in Support  .  The author states, "Drugs, violence,  
          broken homes and poverty all have a direct effect on  
          California's poor academic achievements and high drop out rates.  
           In addition, studies show that economically disadvantaged and  
          ethnically diverse students are more susceptible to educational  
          inequity.  About 50% of African Americans and Latinos graduate  
          from high schools, compared with 72% of white students.  An  
          approach is needed that will have a profound impact on this  
          crisis.  AB 465 looks to use a valuable resource:  parents.   
          Research shows that children get higher grades and are more  
          likely to graduate from high school and continue on to college  
          when their families are involved in their education.

          "In areas with large immigrant populations, parents frequently  
          have difficulties communicating with their children's school,  
          and may lack the knowledge and experience to help their children  
          succeed.  Many parents may be confused by school district  
          bureaucracy and feel disconnected from teachers and  
          administrators."

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          California Teachers Association
          One individual

           Opposition 
           
          None on file 
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Sophia Kwong Kim / ED. / (916) 319-2087