BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 494
                                                                  Page  1

           Date of Hearing:   April 29, 2009

                          ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON AGRICULTURE
                              Cathleen Galgiani, Chair
                   AB 494 (Caballero) - As Amended:  April 23, 2009
                               Corrected: May 21, 2009

           LOCAL GOVERNMENT    6-0                                           
                                                     
                                           
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          |Ayes:|Caballero, Knight,        |     |                          |
          |     |Arambula, Davis,          |     |                          |
          |     |Krekorian, Skinner        |     |                          |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |     |                          |     |                          |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
           SUBJECT  :  Local planning: farmworker housing.

           SUMMARY  :  Prohibits any local government to enforce a required  
          minimum parcel size when Williamson Act (Act) contracted land is  
          to be subdivided and sold or leased for the purpose of  
          farmworker housing, and creates other specified requirements.   
          Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)Permits a landowner, subject to other conditions, to subdivide  
            land that is currently under the Act if the parcel to be sold  
            or leased has access to existing drinking water and sanitary  
            sewer service.

          2)Provides an exception, when an applicant proposes to subdivide  
            land that is under the Act for the purposes of developing  
            farmworker housing, to existing local government parcel size  
            requirements, prohibiting enforcement or the imposition of any  
            local ordinance, regulation, or development standard, if the  
            farmworker housing meets all of the following:

             a)   The parcel to be created is on land currently zoned for  
               agricultural use or on land zoned for open space but  
               currently in agricultural use;

             b)   The parcel to be sold or leased is five acres or  
               smaller;

             c)   The parcel shall be sold or leased to a nonprofit  








                                                                  AB 494
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               organization, a city, a county, a housing authority, or a  
               state agency; and,

             d)   The parcel to be sold or leased shall be subject to a  
               deed restriction that limits the use of the parcel to  
               farmworker housing facilities for not less than 30 years or  
               it will be merged back to the original parcel prior to the  
               30 years, once it is no longer used for farmworker housing.

          3)Limits this exception to no more than 100 acres per any  
            jurisdiction.

           EXISTING LAW  creates the Act, also known as the California Land  
          Conservation Act of 1965, which enables local governments to  
          enter into contracts with landowners to restrict the land in  
          order to prevent development for no less than a period of 10  
          years.  Provides, under the Act, for conditions that allow a  
          landowner to subdivide land that is currently designated as an  
          agricultural preserve, if the parcel to be sold or leased; is no  
          more than five acres; shall be sold or leased to a nonprofit  
          organization, a city, a county, a housing authority, or a state  
          agency; shall be subject to a deed restriction that limits the  
          use of the parcel to agricultural laborer housing facilities for  
          not less than 30 years; has a written agreement between the  
          parties to the sale or lease and their successors to operate the  
          parcel under joint management of the parties; and, is (A) within  
          a city or (B) in an unincorporated territory or sphere of  
          influence that is contiguous to one or more parcels that are  
          already zoned residential, commercial, or industrial and  
          developed with existing residential, commercial, or industrial  
          uses.

          Current law specifies that a subdivision of land under an Act  
          contract shall not affect the contract and the parcel shall  
          remain subject to that contract.  Permits the legislative body  
          of any county or city the power to adopt ordinances that  
          regulates the use of buildings, structures, and land, as  
          specified.  Statute requires a local government to analyze  
          special housing needs in their housing element, including that  
          of farmworkers, and requires that if the housing element does  
          not provide adequate sites for farmworkers that it shall provide  
          for sufficient sites to meet the need with zoning that permits  
          farmworker housing use by right.  It provides for certain  
          limitations on a city or county's planning and zoning ordinances  
          in cases where there is a statewide concern and authorizes the  








                                                                  AB 494
                                                                  Page  3

          legislative body of a city or county to deny approval of a  
          tentative map, or a parcel map, if it finds that either the  
          resulting parcels following a subdivision of that land would be  
          too small to sustain their agricultural use; or the subdivision  
          will result in residential development not incidental to the  
          commercial agricultural use of the land; and, if the legislative  
          body finds that the land is subject to any of the following:  an  
          Act contract, or an agricultural conservation easement; an  
          open-space easement; an agricultural conservation easement; or,  
          a conservation easement.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  Unknown.  Legislative Counsel has keyed this  
          bill fiscal.

           COMMENTS  :  California has a shortage of affordable and adequate  
          housing for farm labor which has created abuse of some workers  
          while others live as the homeless do, in tents or other poor  
          conditions.  Many attempts have been made to address this  
          problem both locally and through legislation but with little  
          success.  AB 494 takes a different tack by overriding local  
          government's authority for subdividing land under the Act for  
          only farmworker housing projects.  Therefore, should a farmer  
          with land under the Act agree to sell or lease to a non-profit  
          or government entity a parcel five acres or smaller, a local  
          government cannot deny the actions, if all other conditions are  
          met.

          This is an unusual step for the state to override local control  
          of land use and specifically for subdivision of parcels.  This  
          may cause unanticipated consequences to the intent of the Act,  
          that being the conserving of agricultural lands for production  
          purposes while attempting to provide less pressure on the land  
          owners to succumb to development pressures.  AB 494 would  
          permit, with agreement of a land owner and a third party, just  
          such development on agricultural producing lands.

          While AB 494 will usurp local authority, it does limit such  
          actions to no more than 100 acres per jurisdiction.  This would  
          provide the opportunity for this development option to be tried  
          but not let it become overburdening to any individual county. 

          Opposition has expressed major concerns over the approval of  
          residential subdivisions, at urban density levels, on  
          agricultural property and in agricultural zones.  They state  
          that an urban density of 15 units per acre is inappropriate for  








                                                                  AB 494
                                                                  Page  4

          farm zones and that it could have significant negative impacts  
          on neighboring agricultural operations.  While they support the  
          farmworker housing, they disagree with usurping local  
          governments' implementation of subdivision decisions.  

          The committee may wish to clarify the issue regarding the  
          merging back of a parcel into the original parcels, if the  
          farmworker housing is not maintained for 30 years.  AB 494  
          requires a parcel sold to a third party have a restricted title  
          that requires that parcel to maintain the farmworker housing.   
          If the farmworker housing on that parcel ends after 20 years,  
          and the parcel is to be merged back into the original, does the  
          new owner's name remain on the title or is the owner's name  
          dropped?
           
          REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          California Rural Legal Assistance Foundation (Sponsor)
          California Building Industry Association
          California Catholic Conference
          California Coalition for Rural Housing
          Community Housing Improvement Program
          Community Housing Improvement Systems and Planning Association,  
          Inc.
          Mercy Housing, California
          Self-Help Enterprises
          Western Growers Association

           Opposition 
           
          American Planning Association
          California State Association of Counties
          California Farm Bureau Federation
          Regional Council of Rural Counties
           

          Analysis Prepared by  :    Jim Collin / AGRI. / (916) 319-2084