BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 504
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:   April 22, 2009

                        ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS
                                Kevin De Leon, Chair

                AB 504 (Furutani) - As Introduced:  February 24, 2009 

          Policy Committee:                              Public  
          SafetyVote:  7-0

          Urgency:     No                   State Mandated Local Program:  
          No     Reimbursable:              

           SUMMARY  

          This bill requires the Commission on Peace Officer Standards  
          (POST), at the next regularly scheduled review of training  
          relating to weapons violations and cultural diversity, to create  
          and make available training on how to recognize and interact  
          with a person carrying a kirpan, a ceremonial sword/knife  
          central to the Sikh faith. The training shall be designed as  
          part of POST's mandatory basic training for all peace officers  
          employed by law enforcement agencies that comply with POST  
          training standards. 

          Requires POST to electronically distribute, as necessary, a  
          training bulletin to law enforcement agencies participating in  
          POST's program on the topic of the kirpan.
           
           FISCAL EFFECT  

          Annual costs, likely in excess of $150,000 (Peace Officers  
          Training Fund) for POST to develop the curriculum, distribute  
          statewide training bulletins, and provide training  
          reimbursements to local governments. 

           COMMENTS  

           1)Rationale  . The author's intent is to familiarize peace  
            officers with the ceremonial kirpan and thereby reduce the  
            potential for misunderstanding and unnecessary incidents, such  
            as charging Sihks with possessing concealed weapons.    

            According to the author, "In the years since the attacks of  
            September 11, 2001, Sikhs have become the objects of increased  








                                                                  AB 504
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            and uninformed scrutiny by some members of law enforcement for  
            carrying the kirpan.  In the past seven years, the Sikh  
            Coalition, a national community-based civil rights  
            organization formed the day after the attacks of September 11,  
            has successfully resolved over 20 criminal cases nationwide  
            involving the carrying of the kirpan.  In each case,  
            prosecutors have either agreed not to bring charges or a judge  
            has dismissed the case because they recognized the religious  
            significance of - and benign intent in carrying - the kirpan?

          "AB 504 recognizes the responsibility of the Legislature to  
            protect religious freedoms, while ensuring public safety.  AB  
            504 seeks to promote education and awareness of the Sikh  
            faith, specifically the carrying of the kirpan by Sikhs in  
            California when its possession is in accordance with the  
            recognized religious practice of the person carrying it, by  
            enhancing peace officers' training."

            Though estimates vary, there are about 25 million Sihks  
            worldwide, 1.5 million in North America, and 500,000 in the  
            U.S. Sikhism is the world's fifth largest religion. Sikhism  
            believes in one omnipresent, formless God, the source of all  
            creation. Sikhs are required to observe five articles of faith  
            - Kesh (uncut hair), Kirpan (a short dagger), Kara (an iron  
            bracelet), Kanga (comb), and Kachha (breeches).  


            Sikh literature states the kirpan has a physical function, a  
            defensive weapon, as well as a symbolic function. Physically  
            it is an instrument of ahimsa, or non-violence. The principle  
            of ahimsa is to prevent violence. Symbolically, the kirpan  
            represents the power of truth to cut through untruth. 


           2)POST Concerns/Suggested Amendments.  POST contends this  
            proposal should be narrowed to make kirpan-related training  
            available, rather than required as part of mandatory basic  
            training. 

            "There is limited training value in mandating kirpan content  
            in the academy. POST certifies 40 basic course academies  
            throughout the state to provide equitable academy access and  
            standardized curriculum to all local jurisdictions. When  
            determining whether to incorporate curriculum into the basic  
            course, a topic must meet the litmus test of state  








                                                                  AB 504
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            standardization, or it must rise to a level of importance  
            worthy of displacing existing content. In other words, does  
            the content provide intrinsic value to over 600 law  
            enforcement jurisdictions within California?

            "For example, investigative techniques in the theft of  
            agricultural products are not a priority in most urban  
            jurisdictions but are important within most rural  
            jurisdictions in the Central Valley. It would be inequitable  
            and costly to mandate statewide basic training on a topic that  
            does not impact all jurisdictions. It would, however, be cost  
            effective to avail in-service training resources to those  
            jurisdictions that consistently investigate incidents  
            involving agricultural theft.

            "Legislatively-mandated basic course content generally  
            addresses broader competencies of police work. Some examples  
            of legislatively mandated topics that meet the basic course  
            threshold have been Laws of Arrest, Firearms, the Standardized  
            Emergency Management System, Child Abuse Investigation,  
            Domestic Violence, Hate Crimes, High-Speed Awareness, and  
            Traffic Collision Investigation.

            "There is no empirical data to establish that the possession  
            of a kirpan as a significant statewide issue with law  
            enforcement. In 2008, over 1,500,000 arrests were made by  
            California's peace officers. The sponsors of this bill  
            estimate incidents of law enforcement contact involving a  
            kirpan to be no more than 20 within the last few years. This  
            does not appear to establish statistical significance to  
            justify this training topic as a mandatory component of the  
            basic academy course."

           Analysis Prepared by  :    Geoff Long / APPR. / (916) 319-2081