BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



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          ASSEMBLY THIRD READING
          AB 526 (Fuentes)
          As Amended  June 1, 2009
          Majority vote 

           BUSINESS & PROFESSIONS     11-0 HEALTH              18-0        
           
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          |Ayes:|Hayashi, Emmerson,        |Ayes:|Jones, Fletcher, Adams,   |
          |     |Conway, Eng, Hernandez,   |     |Ammiano, Block, Carter,   |
          |     |Nava, Niello,             |     |Conway, De La Torre, De   |
          |     |John A. Perez, Price,     |     |Leon, Emmerson, Hall,     |
          |     |Ruskin, Smyth             |     |Hayashi, Hernandez,       |
          |     |                          |     |Bonnie Lowenthal, Nava,   |
          |     |                          |     |V. Manuel Perez, Salas,   |
          |     |                          |     |Audra Strickland          |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |     |                          |     |                          |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
           APPROPRIATIONS      12-5                                        
           
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
          |Ayes:|De Leon, Ammiano,         |     |                          |
          |     |Charles Calderon, Davis,  |     |                          |
          |     |Fuentes, Hall, John A.    |     |                          |
          |     |Perez, Price, Skinner,    |     |                          |
          |     |Solorio, Torlakson,       |     |                          |
          |     |Krekorian                 |     |                          |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |Nays:|Nielsen, Duvall, Harkey,  |     |                          |
          |     |Miller, Audra Strickland  |     |                          |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 

           SUMMARY  :  Establishes a voluntary physician health program (PHP)  
          within the State and Consumer Services Agency (SCSA) to assist  
          physicians and surgeons with alcohol or substance abuse.   
          Specifically,  this bill  :  


          1)Establishes the Public Protection and Physician Health  
            Committee (committee) within the SCSA, comprised of 14  
            members.  









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          2)Requires the committee be appointed and hold its first meeting  
            no later than March 1, 2010.


          3)Requires the committee to prepare and adopt rules and  
            regulations that provide clear guidance and measurable  
            outcomes to ensure patient safety and the health and wellness  
            of physicians and surgeons by June 30, 2010.  These rules and  
            regulations shall include:


             a)   Minimum standards, criteria, and guidelines for the  
               acceptance, denial, referral to treatment, and monitoring  
               of physicians and surgeons in the physician health program;


             b)   Standards for requiring that a physician and surgeon  
               agree to cease practice to obtain appropriate treatment  
               services;


             c)   Criteria that must be met prior to a physician and  
               surgeon returning to practice;


             d)   Standards, requirements, and procedures for random  
               testing for the use of banned substances and protocols to  
               follow if that use has occurred;


             e)   Worksite monitoring requirements and standards;


             f)   The manner, protocols, and timeliness of reports  
               required;


             g)   Appropriate requirements for clinical diagnostic  
               evaluations of program participants;


             h)   Requirements for a physician and surgeon's termination  
               from, and reinstatement to, the program;








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             i)   Requirements that govern the ability of the program to  
               communicate with a participant's employer or organized  
               medical staff about the participant's status and condition;


             j)   Group meeting and other self-help requirements,  
               standards, protocols, and qualifications;


             aa)  Minimum standards and qualifications of any vendor,  
               monitor, provider, or entity contracted with by the SCSA;


             bb)  A requirement that all PHP services shall be available  
               to all licensed physicians and surgeons with a qualifying  
               illness;


             cc)  A requirement that any PHP shall do all of the  
               following:


               i)     Promote, facilitate, or provide information that can  
                 be used for the education of physicians and surgeons with  
                 respect to the recognition and treatment of alcohol  
                 dependency, chemical dependency, or mental disorders, and  
                 the availability of the physician health program for  
                 qualifying illnesses;


               ii)    Offer assistance to any person in referring a  
                 physician and surgeon for purposes of assessment or  
                 treatment, or both, for a qualifying illness;


               iii)   Monitor the status during treatment of a physician  
                 and surgeon who enters treatment for a qualifying illness  
                 pursuant to a written, voluntary agreement;


               iv)    Monitor the compliance of a physician and surgeon  
                 who enters into a written, voluntary agreement for a  








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                 qualifying illness with the physician health program  
                 setting forth a course of recovery;


               v)     Agree to accept referrals from the Medical Board of  
                 California (MBC) to provide monitoring services pursuant  
                 to a MBC order; and,


               vi)    Provide a clinical diagnostic evaluation of  
                 physicians and surgeons entering the program.


             dd)  Rules and procedures to comply with auditing  
               requirements, as specified;


             ee)  A definition of the standard of "reasonably likely to be  
               detrimental to patient safety or the delivery of patient  
               care," relying, to the extent practicable, on standards  
               used by hospitals, medical groups, and other employers of  
               physicians and surgeons; and,


             ff)  Any other provision necessary for the implementation of  
               this article.


          4)Requires the committee to recommend one or more non-profit  
            PHPs to the SCSA, and permits the SCSA to contract with the  
            recommended PHPs.


          5)Requires the PHP to do both of the following:


             a)   Report annually to the committee statistics, including:


               i)     The number of participants served;


               ii)    The number of compliant participants;









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               iii)   The number of participants who have successfully  
                 completed their agreement period; and, 


               iv)    The number of participants reported to the MBC for  
                 suspected noncompliance.


             b)   Agree to submit to periodic audits and inspections of  
               all operations, records, and management related to the  
               physician health program to ensure compliance with the  
               requirements of this article and its implementing rules and  
               regulations.


          6)Requires SCSA, in conjunction with the committee, to monitor  
            compliance of the PHP, including making periodic inspections  
            and onsite visits.


          7)Permits a physician and surgeon to enter into a voluntary  
            agreement with a PHP which must include a jointly agreed upon  
            treatment program and mandatory conditions and procedures to  
            monitor compliance with the treatment program.  


          8)Requires a physician and surgeon's voluntary participation in  
            the PHP to be confidential unless waived by the physician and  
            surgeon or otherwise specified.


          9)Prohibits any voluntary agreement from being considered a  
            disciplinary action or order by the MBC, prohibits the  
            agreement from being disclosed to the MBC, and states that  
            such agreement shall not be public information if all of the  
            following are true:


             a)   The voluntary agreement is the result of the physician  
               and surgeon self-enrolling or voluntarily participating in  
               the physician health program;










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             b)   The MBC has not referred a complaint against the  
               physician and surgeon to a district office of the MBC for  
               investigation for conduct involving or alleging an  
               impairment adversely affecting the care and treatment of  
               patients; and,


             c)   The physician and surgeon is in compliance with the  
               treatment program and the conditions and procedures to  
               monitor compliance.


          10)Requires each participant, prior to entering into a voluntary  
            agreement, to disclose to the committee whether he or she is  
            under investigation by the MBC.  If a participant fails to  
            disclose such an investigation, upon enrollment or at any time  
            while a participant, the participant shall be terminated from  
            the program. 


          11)Permits a participant who discloses to the committee whether  
            he or she is under investigation by the MBC to participate in,  
            and enter into a voluntary agreement with, the PHP.


          12)Requires the PHP to:


             a)   Report to the committee the name of and results of any  
               contact or information received regarding a physician and  
               surgeon who is suspected of being, or is, impaired and, as  
               a result, whose competence or professional conduct is  
               reasonably likely to be detrimental to patient safety or to  
               the delivery of patient care; and,


             b)   Report to the committee if the physician and surgeon  
               fails to cooperate with any of the requirements of the  
               physician health program, fails to cease practice when  
               required, fails to submit to evaluation, treatment, or  
               biological fluid testing when required, or whose impairment  
               is not substantially alleviated through treatment, or who,  
               in the opinion of the physician health program, is unable  
               to practice medicine with reasonable skill and safety, or  








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               who withdraws or is terminated from the PHP prior to  
               completion.


          13)Requires any oral or written information reported to the MBC,  
            as specified, to be confidential unless the MBC has referred a  
            complaint against the physician and surgeon for investigation  
            for conduct involving or alleging an impairment adversely  
            affecting the care and treatment of patients. 


          14)Requires the committee to report to the SCSA and the  
            Legislature statistics received from the PHP.


          15)Requires a physician and surgeon participating in a voluntary  
            agreement to be responsible for all expenses relating to  
            chemical or biological fluid testing, treatment, and recovery  
            as provided in the written agreement between the physician and  
            surgeon and the PHP.


          16)Requires the MBC to increase licensing fees no less than $22  
            or 2.5% of the license fee, whichever is greater, to be  
            expended solely for the purposes of the PHP. 


          17)Requires the agency to contract for a biennial audit to  
            assess the effectiveness, efficiency, and overall performance  
            of the program and make recommendations. 


          18)Sunsets on January 1, 2021, and as of that date is repealed,  
            unless a later enacted statute, that is enacted before January  
            1, 2021, deletes or extends that date.


          19)Makes legislative findings and declarations.


          20)Defines the following terms:


             a)   "Agency" means the State and Consumer Services Agency;








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             b)   "Board" means the Medical Board of California;

             c)   "Committee" means the Public Protection and Physician  
               Health Committee;

             d)   "Impaired" or "impairment" means the inability to  
               practice medicine with reasonable skill and safety to  
               patients by reason of alcohol abuse, substance abuse,  
               alcohol dependency, any other substance dependency, or a  
               mental disorder;

             e)   "Participant" means a physician and surgeon enrolled in  
               the program pursuant to an agreement;

             f)   "Physician health program" or "program" means the  
               program for the prevention, detection, intervention,  
               monitoring, and referral to treatment of impaired  
               physicians and surgeons, and includes vendors, providers,  
               or entities contracted with by the agency pursuant to this  
               article;

             g)   "Physician and surgeon" means a holder of a physician's  
               and surgeon's certificate;
             h)   "Qualifying illness" means "alcohol or substance abuse,"  
               "alcohol or chemical dependency," or a "mental disorder" as  
               those terms are used in the Diagnostic and Statistical  
               Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition or subsequent  
               editions;

             i)   "Secretary" means the Secretary of State and Consumer  
               Services; and,

             j)   "Treatment program" or "treatment" means the delivery of  
               care and rehabilitation services provided by an  
               organization or persons authorized by law to provide those  
               services.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Assembly Appropriations  
          Committee, annual fee-supported special fund costs of $1.3  
          million to the State and Consumer Services Agency.

           COMMENTS  :  According to the author's office, "Under current law,  
          there is no publicly accountable program that provides a path  








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          for physicians to be referred to treatment and be safely and  
          effectively monitored for substance abuse or mental illnesses  
          that may impair their ability to practice medicine safely.   
          Without such a program, physicians are more likely to hide these  
          problems until they pose a risk of harm to patients." 

          The MBC is tasked with protecting the public.  California law  
          states that "Protection of the public shall be the highest  
          priority of the Medical Board of California in exercising its  
          licensing, regulatory, and disciplinary functions.  Whenever the  
          protection of the public is inconsistent with other interests  
          sought to be promoted, the protection of the public shall be  
          paramount."  In deference to this mandate, MBC voted unanimously  
          on July 26, 2007, to end its diversion program beginning July 1,  
          2008.  This program, established in 1980, was designed to  
          rehabilitate doctors with mental illness and substance abuse  
          problems without endangering public health and safety.  The  
          diversion program was audited four times between 1982 and 2007  
          by the Bureau of State Audits and once in 2005 by a  
          legislatively created enforcement monitor; all reports concluded  
          that the program needed substantial improvements. 

          The California Department of Consumer Affairs (DCA) is the  
          umbrella agency for most of the licensing bodies in California,  
          including MBC.  While MBC housed its diversion program within  
          the board itself, other boards outsource these functions.  DCA  
          currently manages a master contract with a publicly traded  
          corporation for six boards' and one committee's diversion  
          programs: the Board of Registered Nursing, the Dental Board of  
          California, the Board of Pharmacy, the Physical Therapy Board of  
          California, the Veterinary Medical Board of California, the  
          Osteopathic Medical Board of California, and the Physician  
          Assistant Committee. The individual boards oversee the programs,  
          but services are provided by the contractor. 

          California's diversion program and, by extension, the term  
          "diversion" is generally understood to refer to a program in  
          which doctors agree to a rehabilitative plan in lieu of  
          discipline for mental or substance abuse issues.  Many states  
          operate similar programs, and the dominant term that has emerged  
          to describe them is "physician health programs" (PHPs).  This  
          term is not rigidly defined and may include not only diversion  
          and monitoring but broader health concepts, such as education  
          and outreach, as well. 








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          The American Medical Association began encouraging states to  
          develop programs as early as 1974 to address physician  
          impairment, but the movement did not gain momentum until the  
          1990s.  Today, 48 of 50 states have PHPs.  The basic PHP process  
          consists of a referral, an investigation to see if participation  
          is warranted, followed by an intervention, evaluation, and  
          treatment based on a monitoring contract.  The typical duration  
          of participation is five years. 

          Based on a 2007 nationwide survey, in cooperation with the  
          Federation of State Physician Health Programs, 54% of PHPs are  
          managed by independent, nonprofit foundations, and the rest are  
          run by state medical associations or regulatory licensing  
          boards.  All the programs surveyed had some agreement, formal or  
          otherwise, with their state licensing board, and all require  
          random drug testing.  Sources of funding are similarly diverse;  
          most PHPs are supported primarily by the state licensing board,  
          but malpractice insurance, participant fees, private  
          contributions, and foundations also make up their budgets.

          This bill is similar to AB 214 (Fuentes) of 2008, which was  
          vetoed by the Governor.  The Governor's veto message stated,  
          "Physician health programs provide a valuable service and help  
          ensure public safety by encouraging doctors to obtain treatment  
          to overcome substance abuse or manage mental illness.  However,  
          separating the operation of such programs from the Medical Board  
          of California is inappropriate.  Ideally, diversion programs  
          would always lead to success, but the reality is that not  
          everyone succeeds in recovery.  It is critical that the  
          licensing agency be directly involved in monitoring  
          participation in diversion programs to protect patients and  
          enable timely enforcement actions."  

          AB 526 places responsibility for managing the relationship with  
          the PHP in the State and Consumer Services Agency, the agency  
          under which the MBC resides, instead of the Department of Public  
          Health.    

           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Sarah Huchel / B. & P. / (916) 319-3301  











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