BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 534
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:   April 1, 2009

                           ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION
                                Julia Brownley, Chair
                 AB 534 (Duvall) - As Introduced:  February 25, 2009
           
          SUBJECT  :  Pupils: career fairs

           SUMMARY  :  Requires a school that offers a career fair to its  
          pupils to allow military recruiters access to that career fair  
          to the same extent that it allows other persons and entities  
          access to the fair.

           EXISTING LAW   

          1)States that the Legislature recognizes that all pupils need to  
            be provided with opportunities to explore and make career  
            choices and to seek appropriate instruction and training to  
            support those choices. 

          2)States that fairs as community resource and youth leadership  
            activities are integral to assisting and guiding pupils in  
            making choices and encourage the further expansion of  
            cooperative activities between schools, youth leadership  
            activities, and community resources.  Among community  
            resources of particular significance in providing information  
            on various career opportunities are vocational and  
            occupational exhibits, demonstrations and activities conducted  
            at fairs.

          3)Requires the California Department of Education (CDE) to  
            annually encourage school districts to plan programs and  
            activities that use the resources of fairs and youth  
            leadership activities as an integral part of the vocational  
            instructional program and career decision-making.

          4)Requires, under the federal No Child Left Behind Act of 2001  
            (NCLB) and the National Defense Authorization Act, that  
            secondary schools release students' names, addresses, and  
            telephone numbers to military recruiters and institutions of  
            higher education unless a parent opts-out by providing a  
            written request that the student's personal contact  
            information is not released, and requires schools to notify  
            parents of this right to opt-out. 









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           FISCAL EFFECT  :   This bill is keyed non-fiscal.

           COMMENTS  :  The federal NCLB requires that schools receiving  
          federal funding make available the names, addresses, and  
          telephone listings of its students to military recruiters or  
          institutions of higher education (IHEs).  School districts are  
          required to notify parents and students that they may opt-out  
          through written request preventing military recruiters from  
          getting students' personal information.

          However, the procedures for this opt-out and the level of  
          notification provided to parents and guardians vary widely from  
          district to district and it is questionable as to whether  
          parents are aware of this right.  Prior legislative efforts that  
          have attempted to provide more information to parents and  
          students regarding their right to opt-out and prevent the  
          military from getting the student's personal information, have  
          been consistently vetoed. 

           Career fairs:   Career fairs can take various forms.  They can be  
          job fairs where employers set up booths or tables and recruit  
          potential employees, but they can also entail career exploration  
          activities which allow students to learn about particular  
          industry sectors and pathways in terms of career opportunities  
          at various levels of education and training.  These fairs are  
          also used to showcase or advertise career technical education  
          programs or course options offered at the school.  

          Career fairs are not limited to high school campuses.  Some  
          middle schools and even elementary schools may offer career  
          fairs and career days that take the form of career exploration  
          activities, as may be appropriate for different grade levels.   
          These activities in middle schools may also include promoting  
          career technical education course offerings at local high  
          schools schools.  This bill would require military recruiters to  
          participate in those activities, thus raising the question of  
          the appropriateness of requiring schools to allow access to  
          military recruiters in elementary and middle school campuses. 

          Furthermore, an argument can be made that schools should  
          maintain the flexibility in coordinating career fairs and other  
          career activities for their students and that districts should  
          maintain the discretion to invite the representatives they deem  
          appropriate for their students.  Career fairs are optional  
          activities for schools and no other specific requirements  








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          currently exist controlling what entities or groups should be  
          allowed access to such activities.  The Education Code is  
          permissive, and if districts choose to include military  
          recruiters in career fairs, they have the discretion of doing  
          so.  

          This bill raises a question of whether it is appropriate for  
          educational institutions to promote military service.  Some  
          communities have taken action against military recruitment in  
          public schools.  For example, in November of 2005, the residents  
          of San Francisco passed Proposition I ("College Not Combat"), a  
          ballot measure that declared the city's opposition to military  
          recruitment in public high schools and universities and stated  
          that money should instead be directed toward scholarships.   
          Proposition I was non-binding and thus it did not prohibit the  
          ability of military recruiters to spend time on high school and  
          college campuses.  Despite such actions, school districts that  
          receive federal funds still have to comply with NCLB's  
          requirement to grant military recruiters access to students'  
          information upon request. 

          Federal law is clear in that military recruiters should be  
          allowed to receive the name, address, and telephone listings of  
          juniors and seniors in high school, upon request.  Recruiters  
          already have access to students at school and often times at  
          home, and thus the need for this bill is unclear.  Schools and  
          districts can determine the best approach to comply with the  
          requirements of the NCLB and the National Defense Authorization  
          Act.

           What problem is this bill is trying to solve?   There is no  
          evidence that there is a recruiting problem, in fact there is  
          evidence that military recruiting goals have been met and even  
          exceeded in some instances.  In a press release by the American  
          Forces Press Service, dated December 16, 2008, Curt Gilroy,  
          accession policy director for the U.S. Defense Department said,  
          "Recruiting so far in fiscal 2009, which began Oct. 1, is on par  
          with the success the Defense Department enjoyed in fiscal 2008,  
          which was the department's highest recruiting year in the past  
          five."  The press release notes that the trend has continued  
          into the first two months of fiscal year 2009. 

          Mr. Gilroy further asserts, "The state of the union with respect  
          for recruiting is very good, particularly the last two months.   
          Beginning fiscal year 2009, the services have not only met their  








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          numerical recruiting goals, but they've met their quality  
          recruiting goals as well." 

          The same press release indicates that the total force enlisted  
          more than 28,000 new recruits in October and November and that  
          for both months, the Army and Marine Corps exceeded their goals,  
          while the Navy and Air Force met their goals.  

          The author states, "In these uncertain economic times, we must  
          ensure that our students have access to the most employment  
          options that we can give them. School career fairs are vital  
          informational tools that show students the various employment  
          options that are available."

           Arguments in support  :  The American Legion, Department of  
          California writes, "We believe that students have the  
          opportunity to learn about all career opportunities, including  
          the many opportunities that serving our country in one of the  
          branches of the military can offer. Young people should have all  
          the information available as they decide what direction they  
          want to go in life."

           Arguments in opposition  :  The California Federation of Teachers  
          writes, "The Federation believes that this requirement should  
          not be imposed upon any school or school district. If the  
          governing board and community are welcoming to a recruiter, then  
          that is their decision. Otherwise, the proposed change to the  
          education code could cause a disruption to the education system  
          where one need not be."

           Previous legislation  :  AB 2994 (Lieber and Hancock) of 2008  
          supports the rights of parents with respect to protection of the  
          confidentiality of pupil record information under the federal  
          Family Education Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) and the No Child  
          Left Behind (NCLB) Act by requiring specific notifications.  AB  
          2994 was vetoed by Governor Schwarzenegger with the following  
          message:  

          "This bill is substantively similar to a bill I vetoed in 2006.   
          I continue to believe that schools should maintain the  
          flexibility to develop their own procedures to ensure compliance  
          with existing state and federal laws."

          AB 1778 (Lieber), of 2006, requires that school districts, that  
          require parents or guardians of secondary school pupils to  








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          provide current emergency information, include a specific notice  
          in the emergency request form about their right to opt-out of  
          the release of their student's pupil record information to  
          military recruiters and institutions of higher education.  AB  
          1778 was vetoed by Governor Schwarzenegger with the following  
          message: 

          "State and federal law already require school districts to  
          notify parents of the types of student information that they  
          release to the public.  The notice must include an explanation  
          of a parent's right to request that the information not be  
          disclosed without prior written consent and the method and  
          timeline for making such a request.  Ultimately, I believe that  
          schools should maintain the flexibility to develop their own  
          procedures to ensure compliance with state and federal laws  
          without the state dictating how procedures are implemented."




           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          American Legion, Department of California 
          Capitol Resource Family Impact

           Opposition 
           
          California Federation of Teachers
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Marisol Avi?a / ED. / (916) 319-2087