BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                AB 572
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        ASSEMBLY THIRD READING
        AB 572 (Brownley)
        As Amended  May 6, 2009
        Majority vote

         EDUCATION           8-3                                          
         
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        |Ayes:|Brownley, Ammiano,        |     |                          |
        |     |Arambula, Buchanan,       |     |                          |
        |     |Carter, Eng, Solorio,     |     |                          |
        |     |Torlakson                 |     |                          |
        |     |                          |     |                          |
        |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
        |Nays:|Nestande, Garrick, Miller |     |                          |
        |     |                          |     |                          |
         ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
         SUMMARY  :  Requires charter schools to comply with the same conflict  
        of interest requirements as school districts.  Specifically,  this  
        bill  declares: 

        1)Charter schools are subject to all of the following:


           a)   The Ralph M. Brown Act (Brown Act), except that a charter  
             school operated by an entity governed by the Bagley-Keene Open  
             Meeting Act is subject to the Bagley-Keene Open Meeting Act;



           b)   The California Public Records Act (CPRA);



           c)   Article 4 (commencing with Section 1090) of Chapter 1 of  
             Division 4 of Title 1 of the Government Code; and,



           d)   The Political Reform Act of 1974 (PRA).



        2)A member of the governing body of a charter school shall abstain  








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          from voting on all matters affecting his or her own employment and  
          personnel matters that uniquely affect a member's relative; and,  
          specifies a person who is disqualified by the California  
          Constitution or laws of the state from holding a civil office  
          shall not serve on the governing body of a charter school.

         EXISTING LAW  pertaining to charter schools: 

        1)Provides no specific requirement for charter school governing  
          board conflict of interest policies.

        2)Deems charter schools as school districts for the purposes of  
          receiving state education funds.  
         
        EXISTING LAW  pertaining to school districts: 

        1)Specifies that Members of the Legislature, state, county,  
          district, and city officers or employees shall not be financially  
          interested in any contract made by them in their official  
          capacity, or by any body or board of which they are members.   
          (Government Code 1090)

        2)Specifies that an employee of a school district (or local agency)  
          may not be sworn into office as an elected or appointed member of  
          that school district's (or local agency's) governing board unless  
          and until he or she resigns as an employee.  (Education Code  
          35107)

        3)Requires members of school district governing boards and  
          designated employees of the school district to file statements of  
          financial interest according to the PRA.  (Government Code 87100  
          et. seq.)

        4)Requires a school district or any board, commission or agency  
          thereof, or other local public agency to comply with the Brown  
          Act.  (Government Code 54950 et. seq.)

        5)Requires a school district or any board, commission or agency  
          thereof, or other local public agency to comply with the CPRA.   
          (Government Code 6250 et. seq.)

         FISCAL EFFECT  :  This bill is keyed non-fiscal.

         COMMENTS  :  This bill requires charter school governing board members  








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        to comply with the same conflict of interest policies by which  
        school district governing board members currently abide.  Recent  
        news reports of charter school board members engaging in  
        inappropriate financial mismanagement have highlighted the need for  
        charter school conflict of interest laws to be clarified.  While  
        charter schools are given more autonomy than public schools, their  
        governing boards have authority over public funds to be used for the  
        educational benefit of their students.  Charter school governing  
        boards should be held to the same standards as school district  
        governing boards.  This bill requires charter school boards to file  
        statements of economic interest according to the PRA; specifies that  
        charter school board members may not be financially interested in  
        any decision made by the board; requires charter schools to comply  
        with the CPRA; and, requires charter school boards to abide by the  
        Brown Act or the Bagley-Keene Open Meetings Act.

        The Brown Act governs meetings conducted by local legislative  
        bodies, such as boards of supervisors, city councils, and school  
        boards.  The Brown Act requires meetings of the board to be publicly  
        noticed 72 hours before their meetings, among other requirements.

        The CPRA was enacted in 1968 and according to the Attorney General,  
        in enacting the CRPA, the Legislature stated that access to  
        information concerning the conduct of the public's business is a  
        fundamental and necessary right for every person in the state.  
         
         Government Code 1090 states that members of the Legislature, state,  
        county, district, judicial district, and city officers or employees  
        shall not be financially interested in any contract made by them in  
        their official capacity, or by any body or board of which they are  
        members.  In a 1983 opinion the Attorney General stated, "Section  
        1090 of the Government Code codifies the common law prohibition and  
        the general policy of this state against public officials having a  
        personal interest in contracts they make in their official  
        capacities.  Mindful of the ancient adage, that 'no man can serve  
        two masters,' the section was enacted to ensure that public  
        officials 'making' official contracts not be distracted by personal  
        financial gain from exercising absolute loyalty and undivided  
        allegiance to the best interest of the entity which they serve."


        The Fair Political Practices Commission (FPPC) was created by the  
        PRA of 1974.  The FPPC receives and files statements of economic  
        interests from many state and local officials, investigates alleged  








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        violations of the PRA, imposes penalties when appropriate, and  
        assists state and local agencies in developing and enforcing  
        conflict-of-interest codes.  School districts are required to comply  
        with the PRA, and in so, school district governing board members and  
        designated employees must file a statement of economic interest,  
        annually.

        Supporters of the bill, including the California School Boards  
        Association, the Association of California School Administrators,  
        the California Association of School Business Officials, the  
        California State PTA, the California Federation of Teachers, Orange  
        County Department of Education, San Francisco Unified School  
        District, and Antioch Unified School District, argue this measure  
        will strengthen efforts to end financial abuse of public funds in  
        charter schools, provide transparency into the operations of the  
        many charter schools that are providing quality educational options  
        for parents and students.  

        The California Teachers Association (CTA) supports the bill and  
        believes that all charter school governing boards should be free of  
        conflicts of interest in the operation of charter schools and that  
        the Ralph M. Brown Act and the CPRA should apply to the operation of  
        these schools.  There is a role for charter schools in California's  
        education system.  That role should be performed to at least the  
        same high standards of integrity, transparency and openness required  
        of traditional public schools.

        The California Charter Schools Association (CCSA) opposes the bill  
        and argues, "CCSA supports applying appropriate conflict of interest  
        provisions to charter schools, including transparency and recusal by  
        board members with a financial interest in a board decision.  In  
        fact, most charter schools are nonprofit corporations and must abide  
        by the Corporations Code that includes conflict of interest  
        provisions.  We believe that AB 572's directive that charter schools  
        comply with Government Code Section 87100 et seq applies an  
        inappropriate conflict of interest scheme to charter schools."

        Statute governing corporations authorizes up to 49% of people  
        serving on the board of any corporation to be financially interested  
        in the decisions made by the board.  Advocates of charter schools  
        contend they should abide by conflict of interest provisions related  
        to corporations, not school district, because some charter schools  
        are operated by non-profit corporations.  The Assembly should  
        consider whether it is appropriate to allow public funded charter  








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        schools to have board members be financially interested in the  
        decisions they make.   

        Previous legislation:  AB 2115 (Mullin) of 2008, required charter  
        schools to adopt and comply with a conflict of interest policy that  
        requires its governing board members to abide by the same conflict  
        of interest requirements as local education agency (LEA) governing  
        board members.  The bill was vetoed by Governor Schwarzenegger with  
        the following message:  "Not only would this bill create state  
        mandated costs for charter schools to comply with its provisions,  
        the measure runs counter to the intent of charter schools, which  
        were created to be free from many of the laws governing schools  
        districts."

        AB 1197 (Wiggins) of 2004, specified that individuals who govern  
        charter schools shall file statements of economic interest under the  
        PRA.  The bill failed passage on the Senate Floor.
         

        Analysis Prepared by :    Chelsea Kelley / ED. / (916) 319-2087 
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