BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 576
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          ASSEMBLY THIRD READING
          AB 576 (Torres)
          As Amended  April 21, 2009
          Majority vote 

           PUBLIC SAFETY       7-0         APPROPRIATIONS      16-0        
           
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          |Ayes:|Solorio, Hagman,          |Ayes:|De Leon, Nielsen,         |
          |     |Furutani, Gilmore, Hill,  |     |Ammiano,                  |
          |     |Ma, Skinner               |     |Charles Calderon, Davis,  |
          |     |                          |     |Duvall, Fuentes, Hall,    |
          |     |                          |     |Harkey, Miller,           |
          |     |                          |     |John A. Perez, Price,     |
          |     |                          |     |Skinner, Solorio, Audra   |
          |     |                          |     |Strickland, Torlakson     |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 

           SUMMARY  :  Expands the definition of a "victim" for the purposes  
          of restitution to include any governmental entity that is  
          responsible for repairing, replacing or restoring public and  
          privately owned property defaced with graffiti or other  
          inscribed material, as specified, and has sustained economic  
          loss as a result.   

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Provides that every person who maliciously defaces real or  
            personal property with graffiti or other inscribed material is  
            guilty of vandalism, which is punishable as an alternate  
            felony/misdemeanor.  

          2)States that if the amount of damage is $400 or more, vandalism  
            is punishable by imprisonment in the county jail or state  
            prison not exceeding one year or by a fine of not more than  
            $10,000.  If the amount of damage is $10,000 or more, by a  
            fine of not more than $50,000 or by both that fine and  
            imprisonment.  

          3)States that if the amount of damage is less than $400,  
            vandalism is punishable by imprisonment in a county jail not  
            exceeding one year; or by a fine of not more than $1,000; or,  
            by both that fine and imprisonment.  









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          4)Provides that if the amount of damage is less than $400 and  
            the defendant has been previously convicted of vandalism or  
            affixing graffiti or other inscribed material, as specified,  
            vandalism is punishable by imprisonment in a county jail for  
            not more than one year; by a fine of not more than $5,000; or  
            by both that fine and imprisonment.  

          5)Provides that any person who violates the graffiti or  
            vandalism statutes on or within 100 feet of a highway or its  
            appurtenances is guilty of a misdemeanor, punishable by  
            imprisonment in a county jail not exceeding six months; or by  
            a fine not exceeding $1,000; or by both that imprisonment and  
            fine.  A second conviction is punishable by imprisonment in a  
            county jail not exceeding one year; by a fine not exceeding  
            $1,000; or by both that imprisonment and fine.  

          6)Provides that a city, county, or city and county may enact an  
            ordinance to provide for the use of city or county funds to  
            remove graffiti or other inscribed material from publicly or  
            privately owned real or personal property located within the  
            city, county, or city and county and to replace or repair  
            public or privately owned property within that city, county,  
            or city and county that has been defaced with graffiti or  
            other inscribed material that cannot be removed cost  
            effectively.  

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   According to the Assembly Appropriations  
          Committee analysis, "Increased restitution revenue to local  
          governments, potentially in the hundreds of thousands of  
          dollars.

          "It is difficult to estimate the number of graffiti convictions  
          and sustained petitions, but order of magnitude purposes:  based  
          on an average of about 500 arrests per year by the L.A.P.D., if  
          a similar number of arrests were made by the L.A. Sheriff's  
          Department, and if those 1,000 arrests are offset by 50% for  
          cases that do not result in a convictions, L.A. County alone  
          would have about 500 annual convictions/sustained petitions.   
          Assuming an average restitution order of $400, statewide  
          restitution to local governments for graffiti abatement would  
          potentially be in the hundreds of thousands of dollars."

           COMMENTS  :  According to the author, "Graffiti is a costly and  
          pervasive problem affecting all residents, property owners,  








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          businesses, and public agencies across the state. The California  
          Research Bureau estimates that the statewide cost of graffiti  
          abatement is potentially upwards of $350 million annually.  The  
          majority of these costs are borne entirely by local governments.  
           One of the main reasons local governments continue to shoulder  
          the economic impact of graffiti because cost recovery procedures  
          are too cumbersome and ineffective.

          "While these numbers are staggering, perhaps more disturbing is  
          the power graffiti has to cause fear and insecurity within a  
          community. The graffiti epidemic is an assault on an  
          individual's peace of mind, making graffiti a social crime that  
          directly targets the quality of life and freedom citizens are  
          both entitled to and desire within their neighborhoods.   
          Graffiti, distinct from many other crimes, requires proactive  
          enforcement and dedicated investigation.  However, the ability  
          of local law enforcement to diligently investigate and prosecute  
          individuals committing acts of graffiti is hampered only by law  
          enforcement's limited resources.  To be successful in our  
          continued fight against graffiti, it is critical that law  
          enforcement has the necessary resources to employ the latest  
          enforcement strategies and that local governments are able to  
          recover the costs of graffiti abatement via criminal  
          restitution."

          Please see the policy committee for a full discussion of this  
          bill.
           

          Analysis Prepared by  :    Kimberly Horiuchi / PUB. S. / (916)  
          319-3744 

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