BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                       



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                                 THIRD READING


          Bill No:  AB 628
          Author:   Block (D), et al
          Amended:  7/7/09 in Senate
          Vote:     21

           
           SEN. TRANSPORTATION & HOUSING COMMITTEE  :  9-1, 7/14/09
          AYES:  Lowenthal, Huff, DeSaulnier, Harman, Hollingsworth,  
            Kehoe, Oropeza, Pavley, Wolk
          NOES:  Ashburn
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Simitian

           SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  Senate Rule 28.8

           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  79-0, 5/11/09 - See last page for vote


           SUBJECT  :    Toll evasion:  pay-by-plate toll payment

           SOURCE  :     South Bay Expressway, L.P. (source)


           DIGEST :    This bill defines pay-by-plate toll payment and  
          establishes what constitutes evidence of a toll evasion  
          violation where a toll operator offers this method of toll  
          payment.  This bill also provides that a toll operator  
          offering pay-by-plate toll payment must communicate the  
          amount of toll in the same manner as it does for other  
          methods of toll payment.

           ANALYSIS  :    Existing law makes every vehicle using a toll  
          bridge or toll highway liable for any tolls or other  
          charges that may be prescribed and prohibits a person from  
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          evading or attempting to evade the payment of those tolls  
          or charges.

          If a vehicle is found, by automated devices (including  
          cameras), by visual observation, or otherwise, to have  
          evaded a toll, a toll operator shall issue to the  
          registered owner of the vehicle a notice of toll evasion  
          violation within 21 days of the violation.  The notice must  
          describe the violation, the approximate time and location  
          of the violation, the vehicle license plate number, a clear  
          and concise explanation of the procedures to contest the  
          violation, and if practicable, the registration expiration  
          date and make of the vehicle.  If the toll operator is  
          unable to obtain accurate information concerning the  
          identity and address of the registered owner within 21 days  
          of the violation, it shall have an additional 46 calendar  
          days to issue the notice.

          Toll evasion penalties include any late payment penalty,  
          administrative fee, fine, assessment, and costs of  
          collection.  Existing law limits toll evasion violation  
          penalties to $100 for the first offense, $250 for a second  
          within one year, and $500 for each additional violation  
          within one year.

          Existing law establishes a process for contesting a notice  
          of toll evasion violation.  Within 21 days from the  
          issuance of the notice or within 15 days from the mailing  
          of the notice, whichever is later, a person may contest the  
          notice in which case the toll operator is required to  
          conduct an administrative investigation.  If the person is  
          not satisfied with the results of the investigation, he or  
          she may, within 15 days of the mailing of the results and  
          after paying the penalty for toll evasion, request an  
          administrative hearing.  If the person is not satisfied  
          with the results, he or she may, within 20 days of the  
          mailing of the results, appeal to the court.

          For a toll bridge or toll highway where toll payment may be  
          made with cash or with a transponder or other electronic  
          toll payment device, suing the toll facility without either  
          lawful money of the United States in the person's immediate  
          possession in an amount sufficient to pay the tolls or  
          charges or a transponder or other electronic toll payment  







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          device associated with a valid Automatic Vehicle  
          Identification account with a balance sufficient to pay  
          those tolls is considered prime facie evidence of a toll  
          evasion violation.  For a troll bridge or toll highway  
          where a transponder or other electronic device is the only  
          method of toll payment, failing to have an account with a  
          balance sufficient to pay the tolls due is considered prima  
          facie evidence of toll evasion.  Prime facie evidence  
          indicates that the burden is on the alleged violator to  
          prove that either the violation did not occur or that  
          person was not responsible for it.

          This bill:

          1.Defines "pay-by-plate toll payment" as an issuing  
            agency's use of on-road vehicle license plate  
            identification recognition technology to accept payment  
            of tolls.

          2.Requires toll operators that permit pay-by-plate to  
            communicate, as practicable, the amount of toll in the  
            same manner that it communicates other toll payment  
            methods, which may include on-road signage approved by  
            the Department of Transportation (Caltrans).

          3.Requires toll operators that permit pay-by-plate toll  
            payment to make publicly available information regarding  
            how pay-by-plate works, the toll amount, the process for  
            payment, and the period of time a vehicle has to resolve  
            the payment before an issuing agency may process the trip  
            as a toll payment violation.  The bill also specifies the  
            media that toll operators may use to communicate this  
            information.

          4.Provides that administrative costs shall be incorporated  
            into the base toll rate for pay-by-plate and that no  
            additional costs shall be added above the posted  
            pay-by-plate toll rate.

          5.Provides that the bill does not require a toll operator  
            to offer pay-by-plate toll payment.

          6.Specifies that for toll facilities where the issuing  
            agency permits pay-by-plate toll payment of tolls, it is  







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            prima facie evidence of a toll evasion violation for a  
            person to enter the toll facility without either lawful  
            money of the United States, a transponder or other  
            electronic toll payment device with a valid Automatic  
            Vehicle Identification account with a balance sufficient  
            to pay those tolls, or valid California vehicle license  
            plates properly affixed to the vehicle.

          7.Specifies that for toll facilities where the issuing  
            agency permits pay-by-plate toll payment and where  
            electronic toll collection is the only other method of  
            paying tolls, it is prima facie evidence of a toll  
            evasion violation for a person to enter the toll facility  
            without either a transponder or other electronic toll  
            payment device with a valid Automatic Vehicle  
            Identification account with a balance sufficient to pay  
            those tolls or valid California license plates properly  
            affixed to both the front and rear of the vehicle.

          8.Allows, for agencies that permit pay-by-plate toll  
            payment, the person reporting the toll evasion violation  
            to include a statement that the tolls or other charges  
            and any applicable fee were not paid in accordance with  
            the issuing agency's policies for pay-by-plate and  
            specifies that the documentation shall be considered  
            prima facie evidence of the violation.

          9.Establishes civil penalties that may be imposed on any  
            person who knowingly provides false information regarding  
            a toll payment violation.

           Comments

          How pay-by-plate would work  .   Each toll operator would be  
          responsible for developing its own policy regarding the use  
          of a pay-by-plate toll payment and processing system, but  
          in general, a driver who would like to pay a toll but is  
          unable to, either because they did not realize they had  
          entered a tolled area or do not have a transponder or  
          sufficient cash, will within a specified period of time  
          (e.g., 72 hours), be able to call or access a web site to  
          pay the toll (plus an administrative fee) via credit card.   
          The toll operator would be able to match the license plate  
          number provided by the driver to the license plate  







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          photographed at the time the vehicle failed to pay the  
          required toll.  Depending on the toll operator's policy, a  
          person could establish a pre-paid account that is debited  
          each time he or she uses the road.  Drivers could be  
          informed of the pay-by-plate payment method in a variety of  
          ways, including signs with the telephone number or web site  
          located within the toll facility.
           
          Two types of enforcement  .  Toll evasion can be enforced in  
          two ways, through criminal penalties or civil penalties.   
          In the first way, a CHP officer observes a motorist failing  
          to pay a toll and issues a citation for a toll evasion  
          violation.  The base fine for a violation is $35 with a  
          total bail of $146.  Money derived from the base fine is  
          distributed either to the city and/or the county, depending  
          on where the violation occurred, and money derived from the  
          penalty assessments is distributed to several state and  
          county funds for a variety of purposes.  Between 2004 and  
          2008, CHP issued a total of 14,945 citations for toll  
          evasion.

          The second way to enforce toll evasion, through civil  
          penalties, is more common and typically involves a toll  
          operator capturing by photograph the license plate of a  
          vehicle that fails to pay a toll.  The toll operator then  
          matches the license plate number to a record in DMV's  
          database and issues a notice toll evasion violation to the  
          registered owner of the vehicle.  These notices result in  
          civil penalties ranging between $25 and $100, plus the cost  
          of the toll.  The toll operator controls these funds.  In  
          the Bay Area, the Bay Area Toll Authority issues an average  
          of approximately 200,000 notices of toll evasion violation  
          per month, which represents about two percent of the 10  
          million bridge crossings that occur in the same time  
          period.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  Yes    
          Local:  Yes

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  8/17/09)

          South Bay Expressway, L.P. (source)
          Golden Gate Bridge, Highway & Transportation District
          Metropolitan Transportation Commission







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          Orange County Transportation Authority
          Transportation Corridor Agencies

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    This bill permits toll roads  
          operating in California, which already use vehicle  
          identification cameras for recording toll violators, to  
          begin using the same technology for the payment of tolls.   
          This method is in addition to cash, a transponder (e.g.,  
          FasTrak), or other electronic toll payment devices that are  
          authorized under current law.

          The author's office asserts that motorists may accidentally  
          enter a toll area with no ability to turn around or they  
          may have mistakenly believed they had sufficient cash or a  
          transponder when entering a toll payment area.   
          Furthermore, individuals may wish to utilize a toll road on  
          an intermittent basis, but do not possess a transponder or  
          are averse to using the road for lack of cash and threat of  
          penalty.  Under this bill, the same technology currently  
          used to capture images of and process license plate numbers  
          could be used to record license plate numbers for purposes  
          of toll payment, thereby allowing drivers an additional  
          option when they want to use a toll road and helping to  
          reduce congestion and related impacts on overcrowded  
          freeways.


           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  : 
          AYES:  Adams, Ammiano, Anderson, Arambula, Beall, Bill  
            Berryhill, Tom Berryhill, Blakeslee, Block, Blumenfield,  
            Brownley, Buchanan, Caballero, Charles Calderon, Carter,  
            Chesbro, Conway, Cook, Coto, Davis, De La Torre, De Leon,  
            DeVore, Duvall, Emmerson, Eng, Evans, Feuer, Fletcher,  
            Fong, Fuentes, Fuller, Furutani, Gaines, Galgiani,  
            Garrick, Gilmore, Hagman, Hall, Harkey, Hayashi,  
            Hernandez, Hill, Huber, Huffman, Jeffries, Jones, Knight,  
            Krekorian, Lieu, Logue, Bonnie Lowenthal, Ma, Mendoza,  
            Miller, Monning, Nava, Nestande, Niello, Nielsen, John A.  
            Perez, V. Manuel Perez, Portantino, Price, Ruskin, Salas,  
            Saldana, Silva, Skinner, Smyth, Solorio, Audra  
            Strickland, Swanson, Torlakson, Torres, Torrico, Tran,  
            Villines, Yamada
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Bass








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          JJA:cm  8/19/09   Senate Floor Analyses 

                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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