BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 640
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:   April 14, 2009
          Chief Counsel:      Gregory Pagan


                         ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC SAFETY
                                 Jose Solorio, Chair

                     AB 640 (Huber) - As Amended:  April 13, 2009


           SUMMARY  :   Provides that any person granted probation for the  
          sale of methamphetamine shall serve at least 180 days in the  
          county jail.  Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)Requires that any person convicted of the sale of  
            methamphetamine, who is eligible for and granted probation,  
            shall be confined in a county jail for at least 180 days, as a  
            condition of probation.

          2)Requires no less than the minimum 180-day sentence to be  
            imposed unless the court finds that in the interest of justice  
            not to impose that sentence, and states on the circumstances  
            indicating why justice would best be served by not imposing  
            that minimum jail sentence.

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Provides that any person convicted of the sale of cocaine,  
            heroin, or PCP who is eligible for probation, and is granted  
            probation shall, as a condition thereof, be confined in a  
            county jail for at least 180 days.  The imposition of the  
            minimum 180 day sentence shall be imposed in every case where  
            probation has been granted, except that the court may, in an  
            unusual case where the interest of justice would best be  
            served, absolve a person from spending the 180 day sentence in  
            the county jail if the court specifies on the record and  
            enters into the minutes, the circumstances indicating that the  
            interests of justice would best be served by that disposition.  
             (Penal Code Section 1203.076.)

          2)Provides that any person who transports, sells, furnishes, or  
            gives away specified controlled substances, including  
            methamphetamine,  shall be punished by imprisonment state  
            prison for two, three, or four years.  [Health and Safety Code  
            Section 11379(a).]








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          3)Provides that a person who possesses for sale specified  
            controlled substances, including methamphetamine, shall be  
            punished by imprisonment in the state prison for 16 months, 2  
            or 3 years.  (Health and Safety Code Section 11378.)

          4)Provides that the possession of specified controlled  
            substances, including methamphetamine, shall be punished by  
            imprisonment in a county jail for a term not to exceed one  
            year, or by imprisonment in the state prison for 16months, 2  
            or 3 years.  [Health and Safety Code Section [11377(a).]

          5)Provides that any person who transports, sells, furnishes, or  
            gives away specified controlled substances, including heroin  
            or cocaine shall be punished by imprisonment state prison for  
            three, four, or five years.  [Health and Safety Code Section  
            11352(a).]

          6)Provides that a person who possesses for sale specified  
            controlled substances, including heroin and cocaine,  shall be  
            punished by imprisonment in the state prison for two, three,  
            or four years.  (Health and Safety Code Section 11351.)

          7)Provides that the possession of specified controlled  
            substances, including heroin or cocaine, shall be punished by  
            imprisonment in the state prison for 16months, 2 or 3 years.   
            [Health and Safety Code Section [11350(a).]

          8)Classifies controlled substances in five schedules according  
            to their danger and potential for abuse.  Schedule I  
            controlled substances have the greatest restrictions and  
            penalties, including prohibiting the prescribing of a Schedule  
            I controlled substance.  (HSC Sections 11054 to 11058.)

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   Unknown

           COMMENTS  :   

           1)Author's Statement  :  According to the author, " We must put to  
            an end the ability of drug dealers to return directly back to  
            our streets after being convicted of selling methamphetamine.   
            The longer we put drug pushers behind bars, the longer drug  
            addicts and drug infested communities will have to cleanup and  
            break the cycle of drug abuse.









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            Despite continuous efforts to combat the methamphetamine drug  
            use epidemic, its use in California is rampant throughout the  
            state.  The Department of Alcohol and Drug Programs (ADP) has  
            reported that methamphetamine use is now the most commonly  
            reported primary drug problem in the state, based on data  
            collected from all publicly monitored treatment providers.   
            Nationwide, Californians make up 40% of all methamphetamine  
            treatment admissions.

           2)Comments  :  Penal Code Section 1203.076 provides that any  
            person convicted of the sale of cocaine, heroin, or PCP who is  
            eligible for and granted probation shall serve at least 180  
            days in the county jail, except in unusual circumstances.   
            Existing law does not have a similar provision relating to the  
            sale of methamphetamine.  Therefore, a person convicted of the  
            sale of methamphetamine could be granted probation and not  
            serve one day in jail.  This bill requires that persons  
            convicted of the sale of methamphetamine serve at least 180  
            days in the county jail.  However, in order to maintain the  
            distinction between methamphetamine and cocaine or heroin,  
            this bill should be amended require 120 days incarceration,  
            instead of 180 days, to reflect the fact that methamphetamine  
            is a Schedule II (HSC Section 11055) controlled substance and  
            cocaine and heroin are Schedule I (HSC Section 11054)  
            controlled substances, and the fact that the punishment for  
            the sale of methamphetamine is two, three, or four years and  
            the punishment for the sale of cocaine or heroin is three,  
            four, or five years.  If this bill were amended to 120 days,  
            as opposed to 180 days, the distinction between the different  
            Schedules and existing penalties relating to methamphetamine  
            and cocaine and heroin would be maintained. 

           3)Argument in Support  :  According to the California State  
            Sheriffs' Association  , "Existing law provides that any person  
            who is eligible for and granted probation, be confined in the  
            county jail for at least 180 days.  AB 640 would add the sale  
            of methamphetamine to the provision requiring 180 days in the  
            county jail as a condition of probation.  Methamphetamine use  
            and distribution has devastating social on public safety  
            consequences.  It is imperative that equal penalties be  
            applied for the distribution of this product in addition to  
            that of cocaine and heroin as included in current statute."

           4)Argument in Opposition  :  According to the  California Attorneys  
            for Criminal Justice , "First, we would note that it is  








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            important to allow judges to have broad discretion under the  
            law to determine an appropriate sentence in any given case, as  
            they can factor such things as the nature of the offense and  
            the background and character of each individual defendant.  To  
            create a presumptive minimum jail term as set forth in AB 640  
            will only serve to needlessly fetter such judicial discretion  
            and to further erode the trust we bestow on our independent  
            judiciary.

          "Second, we would also note that the California prison and local  
            jail systems are currently in a crisis mode regarding  
            overcrowding.  The California prison system is facing federal  
            intervention and a reduction in its budget given California's  
            fiscal crisis.  The prison population is more than double our  
            prison capacity.  Jail populations are only growing and taxing  
            local county governments.  Given this reality and the urgent  
            need to remedy this major crisis in California's criminal  
            justice system, we believe it is particularly inappropriate to  
            pass legislation which would unnecessarily add to California's  
            already overcrowded and over-burdened prison and county jail  
            systems."

           5)Related Legislation  :  AB 858 (Gilmore) contains a provision  
            which would also require any person granted probation for the  
            sale of methamphetamine to serve a minimum 120 days in the  
            county jail.  AB 858 is scheduled to be heard by this  
            Committee today.  

           6)Prior Legislation  :  AB 441 (Parra), of the 2007-08 Legislative  
            Session, would have required any person granted probation for  
            the sale of methamphetamine to serve a minimum 120 days in the  
            county jail.  AB 441 was held in the Senate Public Safety  
            Committee.

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          California District Attorneys Association
          California Peace Officers' Association
          California Police Chiefs Association
          California State Sheriffs' Association
          Peace Officer Research Association of California

           Opposition 








                                                                 AB 640
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          California Attorneys for Criminal Justice
          Legal Services for Prisoners with Children
           

          Analysis Prepared by  :    Gregory Pagan / PUB. S. / (916)  
          319-3744