BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                       



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          |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE            |                   AB 714|
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                                 THIRD READING


          Bill No:  AB 714
          Author:   Feuer (D)
          Amended:  3/27/09 in Assembly
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE PUBLIC SAFETY COMMITTEE  :  6-0, 6/16/09
          AYES:  Leno, Benoit, Cedillo, Hancock, Huff, Steinberg
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Wright

           SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  Senate Rule 28.8

           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  78-0, 5/11/09 - See last page for vote


           SUBJECT  :    Composite knuckles

           SOURCE  :     Los Angeles County District Attorneys Office
                      Los Angeles County Sheriffs Department


           DIGEST  :    This bill makes the possession, manufacture,  
          importation or sale of composite knuckles, as defined, a  
          misdemeanor, punishable by up to six months in jail, a fine  
          of up to $1000, or both. 

           ANALYSIS  :    

          Under existing law, any person who manufactures, imports,  
          offers or exposes for sale, or possesses a variety of  
          items, such as a cane gun, short-barreled shotgun, or "any  
          metal knuckles," is guilty of a crime punishable by  
          imprisonment in the county jail not exceeding one year, or  
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          imprisonment in the state prison (16 months, two, or three  
          years).  (Penal Code Section 12020.)

          Existing law defines "metal knuckles" to mean any device or  
          instrument made wholly or partially of metal which is worn  
          for purposes of offense or defense in or on the hand and  
          which either protects the wearer's hand while striking a  
          blow or increases the force of impact from the blow or  
          injury to the individual receiving the blow.  The metal  
          contained in the device may help support the hand or fist,  
          provide a shield to protect it, or consist of projections  
          or studs which would contact the individual receiving a  
          blow.  (Penal Code Section 12029 (c)(7).)

          Existing law provides that any person in this state who  
          commercially manufactures or causes to be commercially  
          manufactured, or who knowingly imports into the state for  
          commercial sale, keeps for commercial sale, or offers or  
          exposes for commercial sale, any hard plastic knuckles or  
          hard wooden knuckles, as defined, is guilty of a  
          misdemeanor.  (Penal Code Section 12020.1.)

          Existing law defines "hard plastic knuckles" or "hard  
          wooden knuckles" as any device or instrument made wholly  
          or partially of plastic or of wood, composite, or paper  
          materials that is not a metal knuckle, as defined, that  
          is worn for purposes of offense or defense in or on the  
          hand, and that either protects the wearer's hand while  
          striking a blow or increases the force of impact from the  
          blow or injury to the individual receiving the blow.  The  
          plastic, wood, composite or paper products contained in  
          the device may help support the hand or fist, provide a  
          shield to protect it, or consist of projections or studs  
          that would contact the individual receiving a blow.   
          (Penal Code Section 12020.1.)

          Existing law provides that any person who commercially  
          manufactures or causes to be commercially manufactured, or  
          who knowingly imports into the state for commercial sale,  
          keeps for commercial sale, or offers or exposes for  
          commercial sale, any undetectable knife is guilty of a  
          misdemeanor.  (Penal Code Section 12001.1.)

          This bill recasts the prohibitions on hard knuckles to  

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          replace the term "hard plastic knuckles" with "composite  
          knuckles" and add possession to the existing prohibitions  
          on commercial manufacture, importation for commercial sale  
          or commercial sale of hard plastic, hard wooden or  
          composite knuckles.  Possession of these hard wooden or  
          composite knuckles is a misdemeanor, punishable by up to  
          six months in jail, a fine of up to $1000, or both.

          This bill defines composite knuckles as any device or  
          instrument made wholly or partially of composite materials,  
          other than a medically prescribed prosthetic, that is not a  
          metal knuckle, as defined, that is worn in or on the hand  
          for purposes of offense or defense, and that either  
          protects the wearer's hand while striking a blow or  
          increases the force of impact from the blow or injury to  
          the individual receiving the blow.  The composite materials  
          contained in the device may help support the hand or fist,  
          provide a shield to protect it, or consist of surface,  
          edges, ridges, points, projections or studs that contact  
          the individual receiving a blow.

           Prior legislation
           
          SB 1162 (Maldonado), Chapter 346, Statutes of 2008
          AB 2706 (Feuer), of 2008, passed out of the Senate 35-0,  
          8/11/08 - vetoed
          SB 1689 (Margett), Chapter 208, Statutes of 2002

          An identical version of this bill, AB 2706 (Feuer), was  
          approved by the Senate Public Safety Committee last year  
          and was subsequently vetoed.  The Governor's veto message  
          stated:  "The historic delay in passing the 2008-2009 State  
          Budget has forced me to prioritize the bills sent to my  
          desk at the end of the year's legislative session.  Given  
          the delay, I am only signing bills that are the highest  
          priority for California.  This bill does not meet that  
          standard and I cannot sign it at this time"

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  Yes    
          Local:  Yes

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    According to the author's office,  
          the current language contained within Penal Code Section  
          12020.1 is insufficient to protect law enforcement and  

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          other public safety officers from knuckles weapons that are  
          constructed from composite materials.  Existing law  
          prohibits the commercial manufacturing, importation into  
          the state for commercial sale, keeping for commercial sale,  
          or offering or exposing for commercial sale of plastic  
          knuckles, but allows for the lawful possession of these  
          weapons.  These weapons are even more dangerous than their  
          metal or brass counterparts because they are undetectable  
          in metal detectors, creating the potential for these  
          weapons to be smuggled onto airplanes, into courthouses and  
          other public buildings, and into prisons.  This bill will  
          close the loophole that allows these dangerous weapons to  
          pose a threat to law enforcement officers and the general  
          public.

          Proponents of this bill argue that these composite knuckles  
          are a newly developed product and therefore it is unlikely  
          that very many law-abiding citizens would have these in  
          their possession and be made into criminals by outlawing  
          possession of this item at this time.  The Los Angeles  
          Sheriff's Department states a particular concern regarding  
          these knuckles, "The composite knuckles are as strong as  
          traditional brass knuckles and cause an equal or greater  
          amount of damage when used to attack another person.   
          However; unlike metal or brass knuckles, composite knuckles  
          are undetectable by metal detectors.  Because composite  
          knuckles are undetectable by metal detectors, there is a  
          fear that these weapons can easily be smuggled into secure  
          areas such as jails, courthouses, airports and government  
          buildings."


           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  : 
          AYES:  Adams, Ammiano, Anderson, Arambula, Beall, Bill  
            Berryhill, Tom Berryhill, Blakeslee, Block, Blumenfield,  
            Brownley, Buchanan, Caballero, Charles Calderon, Carter,  
            Chesbro, Conway, Cook, Coto, Davis, De La Torre, De Leon,  
            DeVore, Emmerson, Eng, Evans, Feuer, Fletcher, Fong,  
            Fuentes, Fuller, Furutani, Gaines, Galgiani, Garrick,  
            Gilmore, Hagman, Hall, Harkey, Hayashi, Hernandez, Hill,  
            Huber, Huffman, Jeffries, Jones, Knight, Krekorian, Lieu,  
            Logue, Bonnie Lowenthal, Ma, Mendoza, Miller, Monning,  
            Nava, Nestande, Niello, Nielsen, John A. Perez, V. Manuel  
            Perez, Portantino, Price, Ruskin, Salas, Saldana, Silva,  

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            Skinner, Smyth, Solorio, Audra Strickland, Swanson,  
            Torlakson, Torres, Torrico, Tran, Villines, Bass
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Duvall, Yamada


          RJG:do  6/19/09   Senate Floor Analyses 

                       SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  NONE RECEIVED

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