BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 719
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          ASSEMBLY THIRD READING
          AB 719 (Bonnie Lowenthal)
          As Introduced  February 26, 2009
          Majority vote 

           HUMAN SERVICES      6-0         APPROPRIATIONS      17-0        
           
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
          |Ayes:|Beall, Ammiano, Tom       |Ayes:|De Leon, Nielsen,         |
          |     |Berryhill, Logue,         |     |Ammiano,                  |
          |     |Portantino, Torres        |     |Charles Calderon, Davis,  |
          |     |                          |     |Duvall, Fuentes, Hall,    |
          |     |                          |     |Harkey, Miller,           |
          |     |                          |     |John A. Perez, Price,     |
          |     |                          |     |Skinner, Solorio, Audra   |
          |     |                          |     |Strickland, Torlakson,    |
          |     |                          |     |Krekorian                 |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |     |                          |     |                          |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
           SUMMARY  :  Creates the Transitional Food Stamps for Foster Youth  
          Program (Program).  Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)Requires, effective July 1, 2010, that the Department of  
            Social Services (DSS) create a Program under which independent  
            foster care adolescents, as defined in Section 1905(w)(1) of  
            the federal Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. Sec. 1396d(w)(1))  
            and who are not eligible for the California Work Opportunity  
            and Responsibility to Kids (CalWORKs) or Supplementary  
            Security Income program benefits, shall be eligible without  
            regard to income or resources.

          2)Specifies that an eligible foster youth:

             a)   Receive the maximum benefit amount allotted for a  
               household size of one for the initial certification period,  
               which shall remain constant for the entirety of the initial  
               certification period. The food stamp case shall be  
               established and maintained in the county of jurisdiction  
               designated by the terminating foster care case; and,

             b)   Be entitled to a 12-month certification period and  
               exempt from any quarterly or semiannual reporting  
               requirement during the certification period.








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          3)Provides that, notwithstanding any other provision law,  
            Chapter 4.6 (commencing with Section 10830) of Part 2 of  
            Division 9 shall not apply to individuals eligible under this  
            section during the 12-month transitional food stamp program  
            certification period.

          4)Requires DSS to:

             a)   Seek, not later than March 1, 2010, all necessary  
               federal waivers to implement the Program; and, specifies  
               that the Program only be implemented to the extent that  
               federal financial participation is available;

             b)   Implement the Program by an all county letter or similar  
               instruction from the Director of DSS, and adopt regulations  
               as otherwise necessary to implement this section no later  
               than January 1, 2011; and, 

             c)   Establish a new aid code for individuals receiving  
               benefits, in order to differentiate these cases from the  
               standard Non-assistance Food Stamp case.
           
          EXISTING LAW  : 

          1)Establishes a system of child welfare services, including  
            foster care, for children who have been or are at risk of  
            being abused or neglected.

          2)Authorizes the juvenile court to retain jurisdiction over a  
            child who has been adjudicated a dependent because of abuse or  
            neglect until the ward or dependent child attains the age of  
            21 years.  

          3)Specifies that Aid to Families with Dependent Children-Foster  
            Care (AFDC-FC) benefits shall be paid on behalf of any child  
            under the age of 18 who meets additional eligibility criteria.  
             Exempts from this age-based requirement foster children  
            between the ages of 18 and 19 who are pursuing specified  
            education-related goals.  

          4)Establishes the food stamp program, in which food assistance  
            benefits are provided to eligible households and administered  
            by state and local agencies.








                                                                 AB 719
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           FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Assembly Appropriations  
          Committee:

          1)One-time costs of approximately $300,000 [$75,000 General Fund  
            (GF)] for automation costs associated with creating a new aid  
            code in the Medical Eligibility Determination System (MEDS).

          2)Approximately 4,500 youth emancipate from the state's foster  
            care system each year.  Approximately 15% will be eligible for  
            food stamps through the Supplemental Security Income/State  
            Supplementary Payment (SSI/SSP) program or the CalWORKs  
            program.  The remaining 4,200 cases would receive $200 in food  
            stamp benefits per month.  This would result in an additional  
            $9 million in federal benefits for California's emancipated  
            foster youth each year. 

          3)Annual costs of approximately $200,000 ($80,000 GF) for the  
            county administrative costs associated with establishing  
            transitional food stamps cases for emancipating foster youth.

          4)Workload costs associated with DSS seeking a federal waiver,  
            distributing an All County Letter, and promulgating  
            regulations for this program would be minor and absorbable  
            within existing resources. 

          5)Because providing transitional food stamps to emancipated  
            foster youth brings more federal food stamp dollars into the  
            state, California could receive additional state GF revenues  
            due to increased sales tax. Studies show that low-income  
            families spend approximately 45% of their income on taxable  
            goods.  By providing these youth with food stamps, 45% of the  
            money that would have been used to purchase food would now be  
            used for taxable goods.  Based on this assumption, the state  
            could expect to receive up to $250,000 in additional sales tax  
            revenue.

           COMMENTS  :  Foster youth who "age out" of or "emancipate" from  
          foster care at 18 or 19 are highly at risk as they transition to  
          adulthood.  When compared to children who were not in foster  
          care, foster children are more than twice as likely to drop out  
          of high school.   Former foster children also face unemployment  
          and incarceration at rates far higher than the general  
          population.  The author provides what recent studies reveal  








                                                                  AB 719
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          about these foster youth:

          1)Fewer than four in 10 had at least $250 in cash upon  
            emancipating.

          2)Forty-six percent have not completed high school.

          3)Sixty-five percent emancipate without a place to live.

          4)Forty percent of persons living in homeless shelters are  
            former foster youth.

          5)Foster youth who emancipate from foster care face a  
            disproportionately higher rate of unemployment; 51% of  
            emancipated foster youth are unemployed within two-four years  
            of emancipation.

          6)Emancipated foster youth earn an average of $6,000 per year.

          7)Over 70% of all state prison inmates have spent time in the  
            foster care system.

          The author's solution, to give these young people a softer  
          landing and a better chance at a productive life, is to provide  
          them with federally-funded food stamps for a year. 

          This bill would require DSS to create a 12-month transitional  
          food stamp program that these youth enter automatically as they  
          leave foster care.  This bill would require the state to seek  
          all necessary federal waivers to implement this program.  Once  
          these waivers are secured, the food coupons would be paid for  
          with 100% federal funds.  The federal, state, and county  
          governments split the administration expenses but, under  
          provisions in the bill, would be less costly because these youth  
          would not be subject to costly and time consuming reporting  
          requirements.  At the end of that first year, these young adults  
          could apply for further Food Stamp benefits if they meet  
          existing eligibility requirements.

          According to Moody's Investor Services, an independent provider  
          of credit ratings and financial services research, food stamps  
          have the highest economic multiplier effect out of all  
          government programs or fiscal policy tools that stimulate the  
          economy.  Moody's finds that for every food stamp dollar spent,  








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          a $1.74 is generated in economic activity (The USDA finds this  
          amount to be $1.84).  

          Additionally, food stamps generate sales tax revenue for county  
          and the state coffers.  To the extent that this bill increases  
          food stamp participation, the state could expect to receive  
          additional state GF revenues due to increased taxable purchases  
          by recipients.  Studies show that low-income families such as  
          food stamp recipients spend approximately 45% of their income on  
          taxable goods.  By providing these families with food stamps,  
          45% of the money previously used by the family to purchase food  
          would now be used for purchasing taxable goods.  
           
           
           Analysis Prepared by  :    Frances Chacon / HUM. S. / (916)  
          319-2089


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