BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    






                                  SENATE HUMAN
                               SERVICES COMMITTEE
                            Senator Carol Liu, Chair


          BILL NO:       AB 719                                       
          A
          AUTHOR:        Lowenthal                                    
          B
          VERSION:       As introduced
          HEARING DATE:  June 23, 2009                                
          7
          FISCAL:        To Appropriations                            
          1
                                                                      
          9
          CONSULTANT:                                                
          Lane
                                        

                                     SUBJECT
                                         
                   Transitional food stamps for foster youth

                                     SUMMARY  

          Provides 12 month of federal food stamp benefits to youth  
          emancipating from foster care.

                                     ABSTRACT  
           Current law
           1)Establishes a system of child welfare services, including  
            foster care, for children who have been or are at risk of  
            abuse or neglect.

          2)Authorizes the juvenile court to retain jurisdiction over  
            a child who has been adjudicated a dependent because of  
            abuse or neglect until the ward or dependent child  
            attains the age of 21 years.

          3)Specifies that Aid to Families with Dependent Children -  
            Foster Care (AFDC-FC) benefits shall be paid on behalf of  
            any child under the age of 18 who meets additional  
            eligibility criteria.  Exempts from this age-based  
            requirement foster children between the ages of 18 and 19  
            who are pursuing specified education-related goals.
                                                         Continued---



          STAFF ANALYSIS OF ASSEMBLY BILL 719 (Lowenthal)       Page  
          2


          


          4)Establishes the food stamp program, in which food  
            assistance benefits are provided to eligible households  
            and administered by state and local agencies.

           

          This bill

           1)Requires the Department of Social Services (DSS) to  
            create a "transitional food stamp for foster youth"  
            program for independent foster care adolescents,  
            regardless of income and resources, who are not eligible  
            for CalWORKs or Supplementary Security Income program  
            benefits.



          2)Provides the maximum food stamp benefit amount allotted  
            for a household size of one for an eligible individual.



          3)Establishes the county in which the foster care case was  
            terminated as the county of jurisdiction for the food  
            stamp case.



          4)Exempts eligible individuals from any quarterly or  
            semiannual reporting requirement during the 12-month  
            certification period.



          5)Provides that individuals eligible for this program shall  
            not be subject to a fingerprint imaging requirement.



          6)Makes the program contingent upon the availability of  
            federal participation and requires DSS to seek all  
            necessary federal waivers no later than March 1, 2010.






          STAFF ANALYSIS OF ASSEMBLY BILL 719 (Lowenthal)       Page  
          3


          


          7)Specifies that DSS shall implement this program by an all  
            county letter or similar instruction from the director  
            and adopt regulations no later than January 1, 2011, if  
            needed.



          8)Requires the department to establish a new aid code for  
            individuals receiving benefits pursuant to this section,  
            in order to differentiate these cases from the standard  
            non-assistance food stamp case.


                                  FISCAL IMPACT  

          According to the Assembly Appropriations Committee, this  
          bill would generate:
                            One-time costs of approximately $300,000  
                ($75,000 General Fund) for automation costs  
                associated with creating a new aid code in the  
                medical eligibility determination system.
                            County administrative costs of $200,000  
                ($80,000 General Fund) annually.
                            Minor and absorbable workload for DSS.
                            Approximately $9 million annually in new  
                federal funds coming to 4,200 former foster youth who  
                will receive $200 per month in food stamp benefits.
                            An estimated $250,000 in sales tax  
                generated annually by taxable expenditures of income  
                that would otherwise be spent on food.


                            BACKGROUND AND DISCUSSION  

           The need for the bill
           According to the author, youth who emancipate from foster  
          care are at risk as they transition to adulthood.  They are  
          more likely to drop out of high school or to face  
          unemployment, incarceration, and unintended pregnancy than  
          their peers who were not in foster care.  The author  
          provides statistics about these foster youth:

          1)Fewer than four in ten had at least $250 in cash upon  
            emancipating.




          STAFF ANALYSIS OF ASSEMBLY BILL 719 (Lowenthal)       Page  
          4


          


          2)Nearly half have not completed high school.

          3)Sixty-five percent emancipate without a place to live.

          4)Forty percent of persons living in homeless shelters are  
            former foster youth.

          5)Foster youth who emancipate from foster care face a  
            disproportionately higher rate of unemployment; fifty-one  
            percent of emancipated foster youth are unemployed within  
            2-4 years of emancipation.

          6)Emancipated foster youth earn an average of $6,000 per  
            year.

          The author believes that providing a year of federally  
          funded food stamp benefits will give these young adults an  
          easier transition into adulthood.

           Program implementation
           This bill requires DSS to create a 12-month transitional  
          food stamp program that youth will enter automatically when  
          they leave foster care.  The bill requires the state to  
          seek all necessary federal waivers to implement this  
          program.  Once these waivers are secured, the food stamp  
          benefits would be federally funded in full.  The federal,  
          state, and county government splits the administration  
          expenses for the program.  The bill also limits  
          administrative processes by waiving quarterly or  
          semi-annual redeterminations of eligibility.

           Economic benefits
           The author reports that Moody's Investor Services, an  
          independent provider of credit ratings and financial  
          services research, finds that food stamps have the highest  
          economic multiplier effect of all government programs: for  
          every food stamp dollar spent, a $1.74 is generated in  
          economic activity.  According to the author, the United  
          States Department of Agriculture finds this amount to be  
          $1.84.

          In addition, the author provides studies that find that as  
          a household benefits from food stamps, about half of "freed  
          up" household income is spent on additional food and about  




          STAFF ANALYSIS OF ASSEMBLY BILL 719 (Lowenthal)       Page  
          5


          

          half is spent on taxable items.  Food stamps indirectly  
          generate sales tax revenue.

           Previous votes
           Assembly Floor      75-0
          Assembly Appropriations 17-0
          Assembly Human Services  6-0


                                    POSITIONS  

          Support:       County Welfare Directors Association of  
          California (sponsor)
                         All Saints Church Foster Care Project
                         American Federation of State, County and  
                         Municipal Employees
                           and Family Services
                         California Alliance of Child and Family  
                         Services
                         California Catholic Conference of Bishops
                         California Food Policy Advocates
                         California State Association of Counties
                         California State PTA
                         California Youth Empowerment Network
                         Children's Advocacy Institute
                         Children's Law Center of Los Angeles
                         City and County of San Francisco
                         County of Santa Barbara
                         Legal Services for Prisoners with Children
                         Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors
                         Los Angeles County Department of Children
                         Regional Council of Rural Counties
                         Sacramento County Board of Supervisors
                         Santa Clara County Board of Supervisors
                         Service Employees International Union
                         Urban Counties Caucus

          Oppose:   None received



                                   -- END --
          






          STAFF ANALYSIS OF ASSEMBLY BILL 719 (Lowenthal)       Page  
          6