BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 750
                                                                  Page  1

          CONCURRENCE IN SENATE AMENDMENTS
          AB 750 (Bass)
          As Amended  September 1, 2009
          Majority vote
           
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          |ASSEMBLY:  |53-24|(July 2, 2009)  |SENATE: |24-16|(September 4,  |
          |           |     |                |        |     |2009)          |
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           Original Committee Reference:    PUB. S.  

           SUMMARY  :  Creates a deferred entry of judgment (DEJ) program for  
          first-time, non-violent drug offenders.  

           The Senate amendments  :

          1)Specify that to the extent county resources beyond those of  
            the superior court and the district attorney are needed to  
            implement the program, those agencies shall consult with the  
            county board of supervisors and other impacted county agencies  
            to assess resources before program implementation.

          2)Clarify that local law enforcement agencies and counties  
            administering the programs may seek federal or private funding  
            for the purpose of implementation.  Eliminates state funding  
            as an option.  

           AS PASSED BY THE ASSEMBLY  , this bill:  

          1)Authorized a superior court, with the concurrence of the  
            prosecuting attorney of the county, to create a DEJ reentry  
            program aimed at preventing recidivism among first-time,  
            non-violent felony drug offenders.  Specified the  
            characteristics of that program and the process for  
            eligibility for the program.

          2)Provided that a superior court, with the concurrence of the  
            prosecuting attorney of the county, may create a "Back on  
            Track" DEJ reentry program aimed at preventing recidivism  
            among first-time non-violent felony drug offenders.  No  
            defendant convicted of a sex offense violation requiring  
            registration, serious felonies, or violent felonies shall be  
            eligible for the program established, as specified.  When  
            creating this program, the prosecuting attorney, together with  








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            the presiding judge and a representative of the criminal  
            defense bar selected by the presiding judge of the superior  
            court may agree to establish a Back on Track DEJ program  
            pursuant to the provisions of this chapter.  The agreement  
            shall specify which low-level, non-violent felony drug  
            offenses under the Health and Safety Code will be eligible for  
            the program and a process for selecting participants. 

          3)Stated that the prosecuting attorney shall determine whether a  
            defendant is eligible for participation in the DEJ reentry  
            program.

          4)Provided that if the prosecuting attorney determines that this  
            section may be applicable to the defendant, he or she shall  
            advise the defendant and his or her attorney in writing of  
            that determination.  

          5)Provided that if the prosecuting attorney determines that the  
            defendant is eligible for the program, the prosecuting  
            attorney shall state for the record the grounds upon which the  
            determination is based and shall make this information  
            available to the defendant and his or her attorney.  This  
            procedure is intended to allow the court to set the DEJ  
            hearing at the arraignment.

          6)Stated that if the prosecuting attorney determines that the  
            defendant is ineligible for the program, the prosecuting  
            attorney shall state for the record the grounds upon which the  
            determination is based and shall make this information  
            available to the defendant and his or her attorney.  The sole  
            remedy of a defendant who is found ineligible for DEJ is a  
            post-conviction appeal.  If the prosecuting attorney does not  
            deem the defendant eligible or the defendant does not consent  
            to participate, the proceedings shall continue as in any other  
            case.

          7)Stated that upon a motion by the prosecuting attorney for an  
            entry of judgment, before entering a judgment of guilty, the  
            court may hold a hearing to determine whether the defendant  
            has failed to comply with the program and should be terminated  
            from the program.

          8)Provided that a defendant's plea of guilty shall not  
            constitute a conviction for any purpose unless a judgment of  
            guilty is entered as specified.








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          9)Stated that counties that opt to create a DEJ reentry program  
            pursuant to this bill shall not seek state reimbursement for  
            costs associated with the implementation, development, or  
            operation of that program.

          10)Stated that local law enforcement agencies and counties  
            administering the programs may seek state, federal, or private  
            funding for the purpose of implementing the provisions of this  
            chapter.

          11)Made legislative findings that any limitation on the public's  
            right of access to the writings of public officials and  
            agencies made by its provisions is necessary to provide an  
            incentive for program participants to complete the diversion  
            program and to prevent recidivism among nonviolent offenders.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Assembly Appropriations  
          Committee, no direct state or local costs as the program models  
          provided in this bill are permissive.  Local governments and  
          courts can develop these types of programs, now absent this  
          bill.

           COMMENTS  :  According to the author, "Every year, more than  
          120,000 offenders are released from California prisons.   
          Approximately 70% will re-offend within three years of being  
          released and return to prison having claimed yet another victim.  
           Many thousands more cycle in and out of county jails, getting  
          arrested, jailed, and released, only to commit new crimes again  
          at enormous cost to local criminal justice systems.  This cycle  
          is detrimental to public safety and a severe strain on precious  
          public resources.     

          "Counties need help developing effective recidivism prevention  
          models as a means to protect public safety and save money.  The  
          San Francisco District Attorney's Office's 'Back On Track'  
          program provides such a model.  Back On Track combines strict  
          accountability with preparedness training to break the cycle of  
          crime and prevent recidivism among nonviolent first-time drug  
          offenders.  
          "Back On Track was launched in recognition that former offenders  
          exit jail utterly unprepared to live crime-free and without  
          having meaningfully addressed their underlying problems that  
          contributed to criminal behavior, including lack of job  
          readiness, lack of education, substance abuse problems, and lack  








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          of housing, among others.  The program mandates strict court  
          monitoring and supervision, while providing basic job readiness  
          skills, parenting accountability, and other training and  
          oversight to offenders who have sustained their first felony  
          drug-arrest.  After pleading guilty, sentencing is deferred  
          while offenders are closely monitored and supervised in making  
          progress over 12 months toward self-sufficiency.  Back on Track  
          connects participants with institutions and individuals who  
          train participants to secure and embrace legitimate employment  
          and substantial educational opportunities.  The results have  
          been promising:  Back On Track not only reduces recidivism, it  
          also saves money.  Among low-level, non-violent, non-gang  
          affiliated drug offenders, the two-year recidivism rate for Back  
          On Track graduates is less than 10%, significantly lower than  
          the 54% recidivism rate for drug offenders across the state.   
          Back On Track costs less than $5,000 per participant, compared  
          to $35,000 to $50,000 for a year in county jail.  As a result,  
          the Back On Track program has been selected as a national model  
          by the National District Attorneys Association.  

          "AB 750 authorizes county agencies to voluntarily undertake this  
          model at the local level.  The Back On Track model outlined in  
          AB 750 encourages public private partnerships to develop the  
          program and utilizes existing county and community resources to  
          provide training to participants.  The program's success at  
          reducing recidivism provides a path for other jurisdictions to  
          follow.  By reducing recidivism and saving money, Back On Track  
          is an effective public safety program that California should  
          embrace."

          Please see the policy committee for a full discussion of this  
          bill.
           

          Analysis Prepared by  :    Gabriel Caswell / PUB. S. / (916)  
          319-3744 


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